Employer Penalties for Failure to Provide Individual Employee Notification Under the Family and Medical Leave Act: “Clarifications” Following Ragsdale v. Wolverine Worldwide, Inc.

This article examines the Supreme Court's ruling in Ragsdale v. Wolverine Worldwide, Inc. (2002) and considers its implications for employer and employee rights and responsibilities relative to implementing the FMLA policies. We provide an overview of the pre-decision regulatory environment including the general leave provisions of the FMLA and DOL's regulations requiring employer notification of leave designated as FMLA leave. We also identify those provisions that the decision did not alter and provide a broader consideration of the issues and implication of this decision for employers and employees.     

The REIT Modernization Act of 1999

This article examines two effects of the passage of the REIT Modernization Act (RMA) of 1999: its impacts on REIT shareholder wealth and changes in REIT systematic risk in the period following its passage. The results indicate a modest positive wealth effect associated with the legislative events leading to its enactment. Our estimates of the wealth gain probably underestimate the true wealth gain because of the partially anticipated nature of the legislative process. We also document a significant decline in the systematic risk of REITs subsequent to the passage of the RMA. The evidence suggests that this decline is not attributable to a provision of the RMA that allows REITs to establish taxable subsidiaries.     

监管科技的发展挑战与中国选择：基于金融科技监管视角

金融科技促进了金融行业的创新发展,也带来了金融风险与金融监管的变化。在金融科技创新、风险与监管的内在逻辑下,监管科技犹如\"创新之帆\"下的\"灯塔\",历经了三次发展演进:从加强技术层的监管应用到监管数据报送的自动化,并进一步发展至以数据为中心的算法监管。全球监管科技发展背景下,尽管我国监管科技历经萌芽期与发展期,但是仍然面临着发展动能不足、监管理念落后、监管模式传统等挑战。我国可借鉴英国、美国与新加坡的监管科技发展经验,并结合本土化国情,构建起中国监管科技生态体系,转变监督理念,创新监管科技模式。     

Managing For Successful Customer Acquisition: An Exploration

Abstract

This paper explores how consumers select different peers in their social network when obtaining positive verses negative referrals, and the role of social cues in this selection process. An inductive framework incorporating a mixed method process was employed. Thirty in-depth interviews were used to understand how consumers activate specific peers when seeking referrals. First, participants mapped their peer networks and, second, debriefs were undertaken to understand how their peer networks were used across ten product categories. Our research identifies that the choice of peer when seeking referral information is conditional on the type of referral sought. Also, that the cues used by consumers when selecting the most appropriate peer differ depending on the type of referral sought. The different peer activation for these two types of referrals indicates a need to adopt strategies specific to the different referral types.     

美国金融科技最新立法监管动态及对我国的启示

金融科技有助于降低交易成本、提高市场效率,但同时也因其“空白型金融创新”的特质给传统金融监管方式带来严峻挑战。美国在金融科技的立法方面,强调“建章立制,立法先行”,创制法律规范具有前瞻性;在监管方面,秉持“负责任的创新”的监管理念,创新监管范式,力求实现金融创新与合法合规之间的动态平衡。我国可合理借鉴美国的立法和监管经验,加强金融科技的顶层设计和立法建设,创制新的专门性立法,构建有利于金融科技发展的监管协调机制,研究以行为监管为导向的监管范式,构建包容性监管制度,探索完善中国式“监管沙箱”机制,最终建构“技术驱动型”的金融监管体系。     

PFIs involving multiple public partners: a case study from the Italian healthcare sector

The financial crisis experienced by many countries since 2008 has given new importance to private finance initiatives (PFIs) for providing public services. This paper analyses the relationships between multiple public and private sector actors participating in a PFI in the healthcare sector in order to better understand the motives and behaviour of public and private sector partners. High levels of trust and the active participation of a regulatory body were found to be significant factors in terms of creating a partnership that benefits all sides.     

我国自然垄断行业规制体制改革研究

传统自然垄断行业的改革是我国走向市场经济的一个难点。本文基于自然垄断理论模型的最新发展成果,从我国现实情况出发,指出了我国自然垄断行业存在的诸多弊端,特别是现有规制体制的问题。在此基础上提出了我国规制体制进一步改革的方向,并讨论了未来改革的一些对策性问题。     

Optimal regulation under imperfect enforcement: Permits,tickets, or both?

Economic activity is often regulated through both permits and tickets (subsequent inspections). We study the effectiveness of such policies where corruption and an underground economy make enforcement imperfect. In the theoretical model, asymmetric information justifies regulatory action which is enforced by corruptible bureaucrats. We find that regulation through permits alone is useless when corruption exists, while tickets still offer some benefit. Surprisingly, we also find that a system with both permits and tickets achieves welfare that is higher than that which can be achieved with only tickets—that combining the two mechanisms has an effect that is greater than the “sum of the parts.”     

改善民生：精兵简政，势在必行——兼论财政支出的合理性

政府的财政收入主要来自于税收,纳税人的钱只能有两种用处,一是维护国家机器的正常运转;二是改善民生。而且二者是此消彼长,即在财政收入一定的条件下,要想增加社会保障和社会福利,就必须减少行政事业费开支,而达到这一目的的唯一出路就是精兵简政。精兵简政不仅可以节省资金,用来解决民生问题,而且只有精兵简政才能提升军队的战斗力,只有精兵简政才能提高工作效率,只有精兵简政才能减少权力寻租,只有精兵简政才能实现高薪养廉,只有精兵简政才能降低税费收缴,从而有利于增加生产,扩大就业。