STRATEGIC ORIENTATION,CAPABILITIES, AND PERFORMANCE IN MANUFACTURER — 3PL RELATIONSHIPS

This study examines how two dimensions of strategic orientation (customer and competitor orientation) influence logistics and market performance. Two capabilities, operational flexibility and collaboration, are studied. Data were collected from manufacturers working with third party logistics providers. The findings suggest that customer and competitor orientations have different influences upon performance when leveraged through the capabilities. Competitor orientation, while having a detrimental direct effect on logistics performance, appears to be the better strategic approach, when supported with operational flexibility since it results in enhanced logistics (efficiency) and market (effectiveness) performance. Customer orientation, on the other hand, greatly improves logistics performance, i.e., internal efficiency.     

A Cross‐national Comparison of R&D Expenditure Decisions: Tax Incentives and Financial Constraints*

We provide evidence on the impact of tax incentives and financial constraints on corporate R&D expenditure decisions. We contribute to extant research by comparing R&D expenditures in the United States and Canada, thereby exploiting the differences in the two countries' R&D tax credit mechanisms and generally accepted accounting principles. The two tax incentive mechanism designs are consistent with differing views of the degree of financial constraints faced by firms in these economies. Our sample also allows us to explore the effects of capitalizing R&D on Canadian firms. Employing a matched design, we document relations between tax credit incentives and R&D spending consistent with both Canadian and U.S. public companies responding as though they are not financially constrained. We estimate that the Canadian credit system induces, on average, $1.30 of additional R&D spending per dollar of taxes forgone while the U.S. system induces, on average, $2.96 of additional spending. We also find that firms that capitalize R&D costs in Canada spend, on average, 18 percent more on R&D. Collectively, this evidence is important to the ongoing debates in both countries concerning the appropriate design of incentives for R&D and is consistent with the assumptions found in the U.S. tax credit system, but not those found in the Canadian system.     

大型钢模壳的开发与施工技术

中国建筑文化中心展厅及以上的楼层 ,设计采用了适合公共建筑的无粘结预应力双向密肋板结构体系 ,取得了很好的综合效益。施工在选用支模方案时 ,开发了大型钢模壳 ,代替了现常用的塑料模壳、玻璃钢模壳 ,不仅为本工程降低了投资、提高了外观质量 ,且为今后推广这类结构时 ,提供了实践经验     

众包、众筹、众创——高校科研模式创新研究

互联网的普及催生了众包、众筹以及众创等大众创新形式,将有力促进高校科研创新模式向开放式、现代化转变。从论述高校科研模式创新的必要性和合理性出发,提出解决科研团队、科研教师、科研学生面临问题的新思路及运作机理,即借助互联网技术,构建高校科研众包平台、科研众筹平台以及科研众创平台。建议依托三大平台,有效利用各方科研资源,广泛筹集社会研究资金,充分发挥智力资本价值,加大政策支持和制度规范,以促进高校科研模式健康发展。     

技术导向与市场导向的战略协同研究

对于高技术企业而言,技术创新能力的提升无疑是其生存与发展的根本。但是,由于高技术行业具有高风险、高竞争、高成本等特征,能否进一步获得顾客关系、企业品牌等市场基础资源成为取得长期竞争优势的关键。本文以高技术企业为研究对象,选取2007-2011五年的相关数据,采用逐步扩大检验期间的方法,分别对技术导向和市场导向两种战略行为及其协同效应对企业绩效的影响进行了检验,研究发现：技术导向对企业营业利润率、市场价值均有显著的正向影响,而市场导向对企业市场价值没有显著影响,但对营业利润率具有逐渐增强的正向影响。对营业利润率而言,技术导向和市场导向具有协同效应,采取高技术导向和高市场导向相结合的战略的企业绩效更好。     

人民币国际化问题探讨

文章首先诠释了货币国际化的含义、衡量标准及决定因素,接着分析了人民币国际化的现状、进程及利弊;最后,根据当前的国际政治、经济、文化格局及货币国际化模式选择,认为人民币国际化将是一个漫长的过程,我国应采取渐进式的人民币国际化路径,在地域扩张、货币职能、演进历程上分别采取\"三步走\"的发展战略。     

交互效应视角下政府补助、内部资源与创新绩效关系研究

以我国战略性新兴产业上市企业为研究对象,构建包含政府补助、内部资源和企业创新绩效的创新系统。建立PVAR模型,通过脉冲响应和方差分解等方法分析系统要素间的动态交互作用。研究结果表明：在企业创新系统内,创新资源促进企业创新绩效提升的效果最显著,政府补助次之,政治资源最弱;进一步探究发现,创新绩效能够实现对内部资源的积极反馈,该反馈作用是快速响应的。此外,企业资源和创新绩效冲击对政府补助的影响程度很小,本期政府补助主要受到自身波动的影响。     

我国创业板上市公司治理问题研究

由于我国证券市场创业板上市公司股权结构具有控股股东持股比例相对较低的特点,这将产生不同于主板上市公司的剥夺型公司治理问题。要解决这一问题,就必需完善保护中小股东的有关法规,加强执法力度,建立声誉约束机制,并加大对失信行为的处罚力度。     

企业战略联盟及其合作伙伴评价选择模型

随着经济全球化趋势的日益增强,战略联盟作为一种全新的组织形式已被众多企业选择,但也应该看到战略联盟伙伴关系多不牢靠,维持时间太短,即战略联盟伙伴之间不能有效的长期的合作。因此本文重点讲述如何用层次分析法对众多企业进行评价选择合作伙伴,只有选择了合适的合作伙伴才能使联盟更加稳定持久。