基于要素流动的环境规制贸易效应与政策研究--TPP《环境合作协议》的启示

文章在梳理环境规制与贸易相关文献基础上,构建两部门模型,从部门内和部门间要素流动的视角分析环境规制与产出和污染的关系,论述环境规制影响出口贸易的路径以及要素可流动下环境规制贸易效应的多面性;然后分解投入产出模型并重估能源排放系数,计算中国29个行业部门出口贸易的国内碳排放,提出我国在转变经济发展方式背景下行业碳排放规制策略;最后结合TPP贸易新标准趋势和我国投入要素变动情况,提出我国提高环境规制强度、转变高消耗经济发展方式的未来方向。     

进一步提高中国花卉产业国际竞争力对策研究

进入21世纪以来,我国花卉产业一直呈现出快速发展的态势,生产规模已居世界首位,但也存在着横向扩展过快、纵向挖潜不足的问题。在国际竞争日益激烈的背景下,新兴花卉生产国哥伦比亚、肯尼亚、马来西亚已分别成为全球最大的康乃馨、玫瑰和菊花的生产、出口基地,印度、越南等国也在迅速崛起。中国花卉产业应该通过合理有效的制度创新,建立经营型行业协会,加强物流体系建设,引导资源禀赋优势向竞争优势转变。     

Social capability deficits and productivity behaviour of African manufacturing firms: Evidence from Lesotho garment producers

Despite attempts to induce strong competitiveness in African manufacturing firms, poor productivity performances continue to hinder their ability to operate successfully in international markets. This paper argues that, while many plausible explanations can be put forward for this failing, analysis of the firms' social and institutional contexts can provide useful insights into why they have continued to perform badly. Adopting the technological catch-up framework proposed by Abramovitz (1986) Abramovitz, M. 1986. Catching up, forging ahead and falling behind. Journal of Economic History, 46(2): 385–406. [Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar], the paper uses the case of Lesotho garment producers to illustrate how an environment characterised by significant social capability deficits has a negative impact on local firms' competitiveness. Strategic interventions to improve the quality of infrastructural services deliveries are suggested as urgently needed remedial measures.     

How Far Can Chinese Motorcycles Roar？——A Study on Motorcycle Export of China

Export of Chinese motorcycles increased dramatically in the past few years. This growth, however, is encountered with many fatal problems, such as over-intensified export market, low value-added, overwhelming fake commodities, awkward technology innovation and intellectual property rights protection, bitter competition from foreign counterparts, and anti-dumping charges by foreign countries, etc. This paper sheds light on these problems and challenges and puts forward suggestion accordingly.     

Real exchange rate and export performance in Argentina, 2002–2008

Between 2002 and 2008, Argentina experienced a phase of very high and sustained economic growth. During this period, macroeconomic policy aimed to preserve a stable and competitive real exchange rate (SCRER). There is controversy on whether the SCRER policy was a key factor fostering growth and, even more, on whether it helped promote the expansion of tradable activities and exports. We use a methodology to detect episodes of export surges among Argentina’s export industries and find that labor-intensive industries—especially low- and medium-technology manufactures—experienced the highest proportion of export surges within this period. We also find that between 1980 and 2015, the highest proportion of surges in total exports occurred during the 2003–8 period. The performance of export of services was also particularly dynamic during this period. This evidence suggests that the SCRER policy was instrumental for export surges in Argentina during 2002–8.     

外商直接投资与货币政策对中国出口的影响

利用2005年1月至2010年12月的数据,比较货币政策与资本流入两种因素对中国出口贸易的影响。实证结果表明,中国出口额与利率、汇率、信贷量、FDI存在长期协整关系,信贷量每增加1%,出口额增加0.84%。但FDI对出口贸易的长短期影响不一致。而且经检验发现,利率变动和汇率变动并不是出口变动的Granger原因。所以,中国应完善基础设施建设,缩短FDI发挥创造效应的时间,并综合利用信贷政策、利率政策、汇率政策等多种政策来调整贸易收支。     

STRATEGIC EXPORT POLICY IN VERTICALLY RELATED MARKETS

This paper analyses how strategic export policies are affected by introducing an imperfectly competitive intermediate good into a Bertrand duopoly model with product differentiation, where a home and a foreign final‐good firm export to a third‐country market. It is shown that when the home and foreign markets for the intermediate good are segmented, the optimal export policy towards the final good is a tax. In contrast, under integrated markets, the optimal export intervention is a subsidy. Whether bilateral export intervention is welfare improving compared with free trade, depends on the degree of product differentiation between the home and foreign final goods.     

国有股权、内部人掠夺与外部人约束——一个理论模型

上市公司的组织结构实际上是一个社会对于投资者保护水平需求的反应函数,而国有股权作为一种非标准的经济组织形式在特定的制度环境和历史阶段具有约束上市公司内部人的掠夺程度以及提高外部投资者参与程度的双重功能.     

Same currency,different strategies? The (asymmetric) role of the exchange rate in shaping European agri-food exports

This article uses a nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NADRL) model introduced by Shin, Yu, and Greenwood-Nimmo (2014) to assess the role that the exchange rate plays in shaping European agri-food exports after the introduction of the Euro. Although the 10 countries of this study share the same currency (and thus a single nominal exchange rate with the US), cross-country discrepancies of exports’ reactions to exchange rate changes are evident. Moreover, I find that exchange rate changes influence exports asymmetrically in the long run. Euro appreciations are harmful to a lesser extent than Euro depreciations are beneficial for European agri-food exports. The magnitude of this effect is country-specific and varies considerably between individual exporting countries. Exported quantities are less affected by exchange rate fluctuations than export values, which is in line with local currency price stabilization strategies of the exporters. This finding is interpreted as a sign of an incomplete exchange rate pass-through due to strategic (asymmetric) markup adjustments by firms with heterogeneous productivity. Besides that, the outcomes suggest that nonprice competition might be in play in some cases.