顺应理论下的翻译策略与方法——以《红楼梦》杨宪益英译本为例

Verschueren的顺应理论为从语用学的角度研究翻译提供了新的理论框架。翻译策略和方法的选择应该分别实现对宏观交际语境和微观语言语境的动态顺应。归化和异化是实现动态顺应的翻译策略,直译和意译则是翻译方法。《红楼梦》的杨宪益译本为顺应论视角下翻译策略和方法的成功选择提供了例证。     

Uncertain spatial demand and price flexibility: A state space approach to duopoly

Sufficient conditions for a unique price equilibrium, in terms of the uncertainty distribution and the state contingent consumer distributions, are given for spatial duopoly. Also considered are efficiency and endogenous locations for the symmetric case and comparative statics on price flexibility.     

The nonlinear effects of expected and unexpected components of monetary policy on the dynamics of REIT returns

This paper examines empirically whether the expected and unexpected components of monetary policy have nonlinear impacts on the dynamics of REIT returns. Empirical results find the nonlinear response of REIT returns to expected and unexpected components of monetary policy. The unexpected component of monetary policy plays a more prominent role in influencing REIT returns than does the expected component of monetary policy. Specifically, unexpected contractionary monetary policy has a significantly adverse impact on REIT returns, and the adverse effect in a bust market is stronger than in a boom market. In addition, the unexpected monetary policy will also affect the boom-bust dynamics of REIT returns through its effect on the time-varying transition probability matrix. The tightening of the expected and unexpected components of monetary policy will enhance the probability that the REIT market will stay in the bust regime.     

Agriculture production versus biodiversity protection: The impact of North-South unconditional transfers

The purpose of this paper is to explore whether international income transfers can improve or worsen the global level of biodiversity and global social welfare by changing the relative contributions to biodiversity protection and to agricultural production. Because of the public good nature of biodiversity, Warr's neutrality theorem suggests that such transfers may have no effects at all (Warr, 1983). A model is developed, based on the simplifying assumption that northern countries have little biodiversity whereas southern countries are endowed with natural capital in the form of (generally unspoilt) biodiversity-rich land. Southern countries allocate optimally land and capital to two competing productive activities, agriculture and eco-tourism. When transfers are organized from the North to the South, we show that Warr's neutrality theorem collapses. Transfers can either reduce or increase the natural capital in the South, depending on some empirically verifiable hypotheses concerning the characteristics of the eco-tourism and agricultural production functions. In addition, we demonstrate that welfare improvements can be obtained even with reductions in the level of biodiversity.     

An updated ranking of academic journals in economics

Abstract We conduct an update of the ranking of economic journals by Kalaitzidakis, Mamuneas, and Stengos (2003) . However, our present study differs methodologically from that earlier study in an important dimension. We use a rolling window of years between 2003 and 2008, for each year counting the number of citations of articles published in the previous 10 years. This allows us to obtain a smoother longer view of the evolution of rankings in the period under consideration and avoid the inherent randomness that may exist at any particular year, because of new entrants.     

顺应理论下的翻译策略与方法——以《红楼梦》杨宪益英译本为例

Verschueren的顺应理论为从语用学的角度研究翻译提供了新的理论框架。翻译策略和方法的选择应该分别实现对宏观交际语境和微观语言语境的动态顺应。归化和异化是实现动态顺应的翻译策略,直译和意译则是翻译方法。《红楼梦》的杨宪益译本为顺应论视角下翻译策略和方法的成功选择提供了例证。     

MACROECONOMIC UNCERTAINTY AND CONDITIONAL STOCK MARKET VOLATILITY IN SOUTH AFRICA*

This paper analyses how systematic risk emanating from the macroeconomy is transmitted into stock market volatility using augmented autoregressive Generalised Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic (AR‐GARCH) and vector autoregression (VAR) models. Also examined is whether the relationship between the two is bidirectional. By imposing dummies for the 1997‐1998 Asian and the 2007‐2009 sub‐prime financial crises, the study further analyses whether financial crises affect the relationship between macroeconomic uncertainty and stock market volatility. The findings show that macroeconomic uncertainty significantly influences stock market volatility. Although volatilities in inflation, the gold price and the oil price seem to play a role, it is found that volatility in short‐term interest rates and exchange rates are the most important, suggesting that South African domestic financial markets are increasingly becoming interdependent. Finally, the results show that financial crises increase volatility in the stock market and in most macroeconomic variables, and, by so doing, strengthen the effects of changes in macroeconomic variables on the stock market.     

Impact of copula choice on the modeling of crop yield basis risk

A number of problems in agricultural economics involve modeling joint distributions for which the assumption of multivariate normality may not be warranted. Yet, very little work has been conducted evaluating competing methods for modeling joint dependence. We develop a simulation framework to evaluate the bias and efficiency impacts of copula choice in the context of evaluating county‐to‐farm basis risk. The results suggest significant differences in performance across various copulas and approaches. The findings have important implications for risk analysis, insurance, and policy modeling problems in agriculture regarding the selection of method to model dependence among random variables.     

并购情境下基于智力资本整合的技术追赶机理 ———沈阳机床并购德国希斯案例分析

跨国并购被认为是后发企业获取创新资源实现技术追赶的有效捷径。对被并方资源形式拥有并不等于技术能力提升,有效内化并购资源才能支持后发企业技术能力跃升。但文献对“并购-技术追赶”的资源整合的动态机制缺乏充分理论解释。将沈阳机床并购德国希斯的整合实践作为案例样本,借鉴与组织技术转移和创新关联性较强的“智力资本”概念体系,探索基于并购的“智力资本整合-技术追赶”内在机理。研究发现：(1)基于并购的技术追赶遵循“吸收模仿-集成创造-主导领先”发展路径;(2)“并购追赶”导向下智力资本整合呈现“人力资本整合主导-社会资本整合主导-组织资本整合主导”演进轨迹;(3)智力资本整合效应呈现“逆向吸收效应-多元融合效应-能力重构效应”动态转变。     

我国A、B股市场的趋同性分析

目前,我国A、B股市场还存有一定程度的分割,完全整合尚待时日.而从时序演进的角度看,尤其是在反映股票价值的市盈率、价格、风险状况的重要指标上,A、B股市场整体上有进一步趋同的趋势.随着A股市场对内、外资企业一视同仁地开放,B股市场存在的实际意义也将逐渐减弱.合并不会对A股市场造成太大冲击.