高校女教师科研创新绩效及其影响因素实证研究

本文以某“985工程”高校主体科研院系女教师近年来科研创新绩效的数据为入口,实证研究了高校女教师的科研创新绩效及其影响因素。结论表明,高校女教师科研创新绩效指标虽然多项科研指标低于男教师,但总体呈现上升趋势,而且数据表明女教师在重要成果中是不可或缺的“参与人”,说明她们已在各科研创新团队中做出了重要贡献,高校女教师科研创新绩效在科研创新体系中发挥着不可低估的作用,文章最后给出了发挥女教师科研创新能力的相关建议。     

Breaking through the glass ceiling. Simulating policies to close the gender gap in the Italian academia

As gender discrimination in academia is still far from being resolved, the recent debate focuses on the policies that can be adopted to increase gender balance in university systems. We construct a virtual academia—scaling down Italian academia in 2019—and simulate the evolution of its gender composition using an agent-based model that considers the complex nature of gender discrimination. Our findings show that, despite the rhetoric of meritocracy, a one-hundred-year period would not be enough to close the gender gap, even assuming that female researchers have the same scientific productivity as their male colleagues. To achieve more gender equality, universities should implement a set of policies that includes maternity bonuses in the evaluation of the CVs of female candidates for promotion, rules for a more gender balanced composition of the committees evaluating candidates for promotion, and gender quotas in promotions to full professorships. The gender gap in the Italian academia will close only when all these policies are introduced simultaneously.     

Intrinsic motivations, self-esteem, and luxury goods consumption

Despite the dramatic growth of the luxury market over the past two decades, luxury consumer research remains fragmentary and scant. To address this knowledge gap, this study investigates consumers' intrinsic motivations for purchasing luxury goods. Data were collected from 587 consumers and analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results show that consumers who are primarily intrinsically motivated tend to purchase luxury products for superior quality and self-directed pleasure. The findings also demonstrate that self-esteem, an important concept in psychology and consumer behavior but rarely studied in luxury research, relates strongly to self-directed pleasure.     

The impact of cumulative pressure on accounting students’ propensity to commit plagiarism: an experimental approach

Adopting aspects of Jones, T.M., 1991, Academy of Management Review 16 , 366–395 issue‐contingent model of ethical decision‐making to guide our choice of variables, we investigate perceptions of factors that affect student plagiarism. In an experimental setting, time pressure and assessment weighting are manipulated between‐subjects, whilst the severity of plagiarism is examined within‐subjects. Our findings confirm that time pressure and assessment weighting are positively related to perceptions of the likelihood of plagiarism and that plagiarism is perceived as more likely for less severe acts. Further, the likelihood of plagiarism increases as the cumulative pressure of both time deadline and assessment weighting increases.     

The mediating effect of real life encounters in co-writing tourism books

This paper examines the effects of meeting in a relevant empirical setting with the purpose of co-writing an academic book. A writing seminar is used to explore how such encounters impact scholars’ motivations and actions regarding writing. Data were collected through participant observation, discussions, and in-depth interviews. Based on experiential and learning theories, the study led to the identification of four categories of academic co-writing, reflected through data from formal and informal meeting contexts: writing to process information; to develop knowledge; to play, socialize, and have fun; and to present oneself. The study findings suggest that academic institutions should arrange and support scholarly meetings to fulfill goals such as knowledge building, publication, and networking. At the individual level, being together and discussing and clarifying topics, constructs, and ideas motivate scholars to write and to publish.     

The role of social presence in mortality salience effects

Terror management theory (TMT; Greenberg et al., 1986) suggests that reminders of death intensify the desire to express cultural norms leading to culturally prescribed behavior such as charitable giving, church attendance, and exorbitant spending. Living up to these norms provides high levels of self-esteem, which can serve as a buffer against existential anxiety. The present paper argues that people can experience an extra self-esteem boost when they act in accordance with cultural norms while others can observe this behavior. More specifically, the present studies hypothesized and found that the presence of others (i.e., social presence) moderates mortality salience effects on consumption-related behavior. Study 1 demonstrates that consumers, under conditions of mortality salience, express more favorable attitudes towards a luxury brand (valued in Western cultures) when they know that other can observe their behavior. Study 2 extended these results to non-luxury brands. Under conditions of mortality salience, consumers express less favorable evaluations of non-luxury (non-valued brands) when they are aware of the presence of others. These results imply that consumers derive self-esteem indirectly from the knowledge that others observe their appropriate behavior rather than directly from following the cultural values or norms of one's society.     

Academic entitlement and its relationship with perception of cheating ethics

Cheating is an epidemic in higher education. The author examined the psychological variable of academic entitlement and its relationship with the ethical perception of cheating using a sample of business students. Contrary to some previous research, the author found that millennials were only slightly more academically entitled than students from other generations but overall had a low sense of entitlement. Highly entitled business students viewed cheating actions as less unethical compared with less entitled students.     

Discourses of control, managing the boundaries

This paper, which was presented as the Distinguished Academic Plenary Lecture at the British Accounting Association Annual Conference in 2010, considers the role of the manager-academic or hybrid manager in the context of higher education (HE) in England. It pays particular attention to ‘achieving the organisation’ in the context of the need to balance economic and academic demands in times of resource constraint. Accepting the importance of discourse, it argues we also need to accept the importance of structure in understanding organisational change. It uses a model of steering and a middle range approach to argue that the manager-academic has to manage the boundaries of a variety of stakeholders, including steering media with positional power. It also argues for the importance of expertise, in this case that of the academic, in engaging with the management of universities.     

Why are first‐year accounting studies inclusive?

This study is motivated by the increasing diversity among first‐year accounting students and the increasing number of first‐year accounting students whose majors are not in accounting related areas in UK universities. The main contribution of this study is that it uses student data over four consecutive academic years from a first‐year accounting course at a UK university to provide empirical evidence in support of the theoretical framework proposed by Rankin et al. (2003). Our results show the effects of metacognitive knowledge and content knowledge on academic performance as well as highlighting the inclusiveness of the first‐year accounting course. For instance, regardless of the choices of secondary subjects, students who have good prior academic achievement are the best performers on the first‐year accounting course. The influence of content knowledge on academic performance is strongly felt when the assessments of the course changed from a 100 per cent final exam to a combination of mid‐term coursework and a final exam. The results suggest that well‐designed mid‐term coursework is academically beneficial to accounting students, especially non‐native English‐speaking students.     

经济与经济学双重转型中的学术期刊发展——以《经济评论》为例

中国经济转型以及由此推动的中国经济学研究范式的转型,决定了中国经济学学术期刊发展的基本走向。本文以《经济评论》为典型案例,以其刊载文章为分析对象,在追索其发展路径的过程中,呈现《经济评论》所映射的中国经济实践与经济学研究范式双重转型的脉络,并由此讨论经济学学术期刊在这双重转型变迁中的学术定位、社会责任和学术责任,探索进一步发展的方向。文章认为,坚守学术期刊的专业性、前沿性与创新性的学术品性,甄别发表优秀研究成果,引导学术发展方向,规范学术风尚,积极推进经济学研究本土化、规范化、现代化,是中国经济转型的实践呼声,是中国经济学的未来召唤,因而也是中国经济学学术期刊的发展方向。