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81.
82.
本文利用中国31个省区169个制造业在1999~2009年的数据,实证分析了专业化、多样化和竞争程度等因素对制造业增长的影响。研究结果表明,在全国样本范围内,专业化(MAR外部性)对制造业增长的影响为负,而多样化的产业环境(Jacobs外部性)和竞争(Porter外部性)有利于制造业的增长。在分地区、分产业和分地区分产业的分析中,专业化和多样化对不同地区和不同类型的制造业增长的影响存在显著差异,但是竞争对制造业的增长始终具有显著正面效应。  相似文献   
83.
Efficient development of industries requires a broad range of technological capabilities which can be acquired only by a long process of learning. Continuous measuring and monitoring of the ever-changing technological learning would be useful for building technological capability and managing technological policies. Nevertheless, research on how to measure the technological learning over time at macro levels remains largely untouched. In this paper, by adding the experience curve into the multifactor productivity part of Neoclassical production function, we will develop a model which will allow one to estimate the technological learning levels over long periods. This model would allow a user to both estimate the past learning experiences and forecast its future path on a time varying basis. The model has been used and tested in the estimation of the annual technological learning values for 28 Turkish manufacturing industries from 1981 to 2000.  相似文献   
84.
Build-to-order (BTO) and lean manufacturing processes are changing the paradigms under which businesses-to-business marketers operate. For example, BTO processes allow marketers to customize products to a greater degree, creating a competitive advantage over traditional manufacturing. Business-to-business (B2B) marketers who take advantage of the operational efficiencies and effectiveness that emerge from BTO are outperforming firms that utilize traditional manufacturing processes in multiple industries, such as office furniture, personal computers, and windows. This paper examines the long-term impact of the adoption of build-to-order manufacturing strategies on the marketing function and identifies marketing strategies associated with successful BTO companies. Throughout, the paper highlights managerial implications and proposes directions for future research.  相似文献   
85.
Manufacturing output per head rose at an unprecedented rate in the UK in 1981/2, and conventional econometric relationships failed to forecast the associated falls in employment. In this paper we estimate manufacturing employment equations in which output expectations play a central role. These compare fabourably with alternative models, and are able to predict most of the large falls in employment over this period.  相似文献   
86.
The entry of new firms into markets plays an important role in efficient resource allocation and evolution for long term economic growth. Employing dynamic panel data techniques, this paper investigates entry behavior in 66 four-digit Turkish manufacturing industries for the 1993–1999 period. The results of this paper suggest that potential entrants observe the market before the entry takes place; entry is, in general, a follow-up process; and incumbent firms seem to collude to prevent entry in Turkish manufacturing industries. In addition, the real interest rate appears to be a very important determinant of entry decision.  相似文献   
87.
Does social capital determine innovation? To what extent?   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
This paper deals with two questions: Does social capital determine innovation in manufacturing firms? If it is the case, to what extent? To deal with these questions, we review the literature on innovation in order to see how social capital came to be added to the other forms of capital as an explanatory variable of innovation. In doing so, we have been led to follow the dominating view of the literature on social capital and innovation which claims that social capital cannot be captured through a single indicator, but that it actually takes many different forms that must be accounted for. Therefore, to the traditional explanatory variables of innovation, we have added five forms of structural social capital (business network assets, information network assets, research network assets, participation assets, and relational assets) and one form of cognitive social capital (reciprocal trust). Based on the survey data administered from April to June 2000 to 440 manufacturing firms of diverse industries in a region in the southwest of Montréal, we have found that 68.5% of the firms have developed product or process innovations during the 3 years preceding the survey. Assuming that innovation is not a discrete event but a complex process, we have modeled the decision to innovate as a two-stage decision-making process: in the first stage, the firms deal with the decision about whether to innovate or not whereas, at the second stage, the firms that have decided to innovate must make a decision about the degree of radicalness of the innovation to undertake. In a context where empirical investigations regarding the relations between social capital and innovation are still scanty, this paper makes contributions to the advancement of knowledge in providing new evidence regarding the impact and the extent of social capital on innovation at the two decision-making stages considered in this study. Regarding the decision to innovate or not that firms must initially make, we have provided strong evidence that diverse forms of social capital influence this decision and, more importantly, that marginal increases in social capital, especially in social capital taking the forms of participation assets and relational assets, contribute more than any other explanatory variable to increase the likelihood of innovation of firms. As for the decision to be made at the second stage concerning the magnitude of radicalness to bring in the development of new product or process innovations, this paper contributes to the advancement of knowledge by supplying the strongest evidence that diverse forms of social capital determine the radicalness of innovation, and more importantly, that social capital taking the form of research network assets contributes more than any other explanatory variable to explain the radicalness of innovation. The second variable that exerts the strongest impact on the radicalness of innovation is the number of different advanced technologies employed by firms for production.  相似文献   
88.
加工制造业是工业化的主导力量,是兵团工业的主体。大力发展加工制造业有利于实施优势资源转换战略,加快兵团农业产业化和工业化进程,推动兵团经济发展水平。本文通过对兵团加工制造业发展状况的评价,找出制约其加快发展的主要问题,并提出加快兵团经济发展的对策建议。  相似文献   
89.
制造业绿色转型是大势所趋,环境规制作为实现环境效益的重要手段,其如何影响制造业绿色转型值得探讨。在阐述环境规制对制造业绿色转型直接影响和间接影响机制的基础上,使用2005—2017年中国(内地)省级面板数据,采用基于EBM-GML模型计算得出的绿色全要素生产率衡量中国制造业绿色转型程度,进而建立固定效应面板模型检验异质性环境规制对制造业绿色转型的影响。结果表明:我国制造业绿色转型程度整体保持上升趋势,增长速度呈现出明显阶段性特征。环境规制对制造业绿色转型具有非线性影响,命令控制型环境规制和自愿参与型环境规制超过一定限度后能直接加快制造业绿色转型进程,市场激励型环境规制的直接影响则不显著;环境规制能够通过技术创新、外商直接投资、产业结构间接促进制造业绿色转型,产业集聚的影响则不显著;市场激励型环境规制能够通过间接效应影响制造业绿色转型。  相似文献   
90.
网络嵌入性是影响企业创新的重要因素。在研究网络嵌入性对企业创新能力影响机理的基础上,进一步探究知识搜索条件下网络嵌入性对企业创新能力的作用。依据224份江苏省先进制造业集群企业数据,运用“网络嵌入性-知识搜索-企业创新能力”模型进行实证分析,研究结果表明:网络嵌入性和知识搜索能力越强,企业创新能力越强;网络嵌入性提高对知识搜索起促进作用;利用型知识搜索在网络嵌入性与企业创新能力之间起中介作用。因此,企业要不断调整在集群网络中的位置,提高知识搜索能力尤其是利用型知识搜索能力,实现集群内资源优势互补,提高企业创新能力。  相似文献   
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