新冠疫情蔓延突显数字经济独特优势

本文认为,以数字经济为核心的虚拟经济形式在当下中国经济发展过程中具有主导性作用,其根本特征就是人与人之间可以超越时空发生非接触性的经济关系。据此评估当下“人传人”的新冠疫情所带来的经济损失,发现人与人接触性较强的实体经济与实体国际贸易遭受的损失较大,而人与人接触性较弱的数字经济却获得一定发展,并在防控新冠疫情蔓延、保障社会供给等方面发挥了重要作用。进而提出,应对新冠疫情长期发展战略和短期应对措施都将是着力发展数字经济,尤其是发展人工智能产品。     

Abbreviated Scenario Thinking

Scenario development is a time- and resource-intensive process, one that not all companies are positioned to undertake at any given point in time. As such, this article will propose an Abbreviated Scenario Thinking process that uses published scenarios from government and industry sources to allow companies to make strategic decisions based on the results. Scenarios are narratives that describe the possible futures in which one must compete 5, 10, or 20 years from now. They allow people to test possible actions by playing them out in three or four different ways. Scenarios are based on plausible consequences of events, environmental forces, and players as they occur in time, and create patterns of the future that can have substantively different effects on strategic decisions. Thus, scenarios are important to executives and managers in the 21^st century as they develop competitive strategies. By employing Abbreviated Scenario Thinking, executives utilize published global scenarios to analyze the driving forces that affect their organizations, asking “What If?” as an entry point to scenario planning. This can produce benefits even before any formal scenarios are written.     

人工智能视角下创新管理研究综述与未来展望

人工智能作为全球新一轮科技革命和产业革命的核心驱动力,将对创新本身带来深刻变革。在回顾人工智能创新管理研究文献基础上,从技术、制度、组织和法律理论视角入手,分别对人工智能视角下技术创新路径、创新政策、创新模式与知识产权制度创新进行系统梳理与评述,在此研究基础上提出并界定“机器创新”这一新的技术创新模式,丰富了该领域的理论研究。结合人工智能视角下的创新管理研究现状,针对系统视角下人工智能领域创新生态系统研究空白,绘制出人工智能视角下未来创新管理研究的4条路径,并对未来研究进行展望。     

Emergy evaluation of the artificial forest ecosystems in the watershed of Miyun Reservoir：a case study for ecosystems valuation and environmental management

To build the artificial forest ecosystem is the major eco-economic development model in the watershed of Miyun Reservoir. It is very important to evaluate the benefits of those ecosystems. Emergy theories are very helpful for us to establish a science-based assessment framework. Emergy evaluation of the artificial forest ecosystems in the watershed of Miyun Reservoir is used to asses the relative values of several ecological functions （sometimes called ecosystem services） and main ecosystem storages （sometimes called natural capital）. The main driving energies, internal processes and storages are evaluated. The main functions, including transpiration, GPP and infiltration, are evaluated, which are 609em$/ha/yr, 6,245em$/ha/yr and 340em$/ha/yr respectively. The total values of major environmental services are 4,683em$/ha/yr in the artificial forest ecosystem. The main storages of natural capital including live biomass, soil moisture, organic matter, underground water and landform are estimated, which are 112,028em$/ha, 9em$/ha, 40,718em$/ha, 34em$/ha and 6,400,514em$/ha respectively. The largest value is landform, which accounts for 97.7% of these calculated total emdollar values. The concept of replacement value is explored using the emergy values of both ecosystem services and natural capital. The total calculated replacement values are 302,160em$/ha.     

基于机器学习的专利质量评价研究

随着专利数量的迅猛增长,专利质量问题日益凸显,专利质量评价成为学者关注焦点。面对海量专利数据,如何构建有效的专利质量评价方法,实现对专利质量的准确评价和分类是一项急迫的工作。首先,通过对国内外相关专利质量评价研究进行系统调研和梳理,提出一种新的专利质量评价指标体系;其次,根据新的专利质量评价指标体系,构建一种基于机器学习的专利质量评价方法;最后,以人工智能技术专利为例进行实证研究。结果表明,有效综合利用专利技术性、经济性、法定性和主体性评价指标,有助于更加全面、深入地评价专利质量;基于机器学习的专利质量评价方法能够迅速对专利进行分类并识别高质量专利,从而提高专利质量评价结果深度,为实现大规模专利质量分类评价智能化提供可能。     

数智化如何赋能经济高质量发展——兼论营商环境的调节作用

数智化如何赋能经济高质量发展,是近年来实务界和学术界共同关注的焦点。从理论上分析数智化对经济高质量发展的影响机制,并探讨营商环境对两者关系的调节作用,然后以2009-2018年我国内地31个省、市、自治区数据为样本,实证检验上述影响机制和调节作用。研究发现,数智化转型与应用对经济高质量发展具有积极促进作用,营商环境在数智化与经济高质量发展之间具有显著调节作用,营商环境越优良,数智化对经济高质量发展的促进作用越显著。同时,营商环境的调节作用在我国存在显著的区域差异性,其在东部和中部地区的调节作用显著高于西部地区。     

人工智能发展限度与社会可能

以人工智能应用为核心标识的第四次工业革命深刻改变了人类社会发展进程,影响着社会建构自我的方式,也塑造了现实社会的发展形态。人与自然、技术的关系以及个体与国家、社会的关系已经被重新建构和型塑。聚焦人、技术和社会的本质三重维度,从哲学与社会思想角度对其进行源流考察和义理论辩,同时对人工智能技术本质进行反身性思考、批判性分析,继而将人工智能置于个体的、结构的及历史的视野中进行再认识、再审视和再建构。研究发现,人工智能议题存在外显和内隐两种反向但本质归一的逻辑,“社会为体、技术为用”的人机共生与“自由人联合体”的终极解放之间存在高度耦合,也预示着人工智能与人和谐相处成为可能。     

智能加热炉控制系统开发与设计

设计一种智能控制器,并利用8051单片机实现加热炉的智能控制,实验证明该系统可显著提炉温控制性能。文中阐述了该系统的控制算法、结构、工作原理、硬件组成及软件设计。