外智引联型创新团队研究述评与发展动态分析

为弥补当前学界对跨区域多主体创新团队研究的不足并有效解决西部经济持续发展中高端人才匮乏的现实问题,提出了外智引联型创新团队的新型合作模式。为深入系统地剖析外智引联型创新团队研究现状,首先从创新团队的定义、问题、影响因素及运行机制4个方面对相关理论研究成果进行了梳理,然后从创新团队指标体系和模型构建两个维度对创新团队模型研究成果进行了归纳和动态分析,最后从团队人才引进与管理、协作交互影响、合作效果评价、知识转移4个方面对创新团队管理的研究成果进行了探讨。在此基础上,结合外智引联团队的地域性、灵活性等独特属性进行了深入研究。     

Predicting the geo-temporal variations of crime and disorder

Traditional police boundaries—precincts, patrol districts, etc.—often fail to reflect the true distribution of criminal activity and thus do little to assist in the optimal allocation of police resources. This paper introduces methods for crime incident forecasting by focusing upon geographical areas of concern that transcend traditional policing boundaries. The computerised procedure utilises a geographical crime incidence-scanning algorithm to identify clusters with relatively high levels of crime (hot spots). These clusters provide sufficient data for training artificial neural networks (ANNs) capable of modelling trends within them. The approach to ANN specification and estimation is enhanced by application of a novel and noteworthy approach, the Gamma test (GT).     

基于BSC的高技术企业经营业绩评价指标体系研究

高技术企业经营业绩的评价应结合高技术企业的特点,借鉴BSC基本原理,构建财务、成长性、价值链流程、产品与技术创新、智力资本开发五个维度的评价指标体系。     

A systematic review of AI technology-based service encounters: Implications for hospitality and tourism operations

The hospitality and tourism industry faces serious challenges during public health emergencies such as COVID-19. Managers are concerned not only about how to maintain business and provide humanized services but also about social distancing. This study presented artificial intelligence (AI) technology-based service encounters as a possible solution and examined the antecedents and consequences of the encounter triad including customers, employees, and AI. Based on a systematic literature review, the study identified 4 modes of AI technology-based service encounters: AI-supplemented, AI-generated, AI-mediated, and AI-facilitated encounters. In addition, the study developed an integrated model to specify the factors that influence AI technology-infused service encounters in general and the customer service outcomes that result from the encounters. The findings contribute to service management and AI application theoretically and practically.     

Exploring expanding expertise: artificial intelligence as an existential threat and the role of prestigious commentators, 2014–2018

The post-2010 technological resurgence in artificial intelligence (AI) was followed by a series of public warnings by prestigious intellectuals, scientists, and entrepreneurs presenting AI as an existential threat. While their expertise in other fields is undeniable, their knowledge of AI remains questionable. With expert studies as a theoretical point of departure, the empirical data collected narrate the events which systematically shaped this view between 2014 and 2018. This chronology captures the interplay between such statements by ‘expanding experts’ in the press and traces their impact on governmental policy documents in the EU, UK, and US, while highlighting the overall absence of experts in these debates. The conclusions recommend the inclusion of AI experts in relevant policymaking schemes and the further exploration of the networks between such prestigious individuals, the purposes and origins of emerging future/risk studies institutions, and their impact on AI R&D in the long run via empirical means.     

智业经济论纲--兼质疑"知识经济"的提法和概念

“知识经济”的提法和概念值得商榷。人类历史发展前两个阶段都是以产业命名的，即农业经济和工业经济，现阶段若以“知识经济”命名，则不合历史逻辑，“知识”并非产业，构不成产业经济；而且，任何产业包括农业、工业等都是以知识为基础的，任何经济模式和历史阶段亦均以知识作为兴起与发展的原动力，故“知识经济”的提法不具独特性、严谨性和准确性。本文认为应以“智业经济”替代“知识经济”的提法。“智业经济”的提法比“知识经济”更科学、更准确。它既包容、升华了“知识产业经济”的概念，比之更简洁、明确，更具经济学的深刻内涵，还包容了智慧经济、智力经济等提法的合理内核，比之更准确、科学，内涵也更丰富。     

The forthcoming Artificial Intelligence (AI) revolution: Its impact on society and firms

The impact of the industrial and digital (information) revolutions has, undoubtedly, been substantial on practically all aspects of our society, life, firms and employment. Will the forthcoming AI revolution produce similar, far-reaching effects? By examining analogous inventions of the industrial, digital and AI revolutions, this article claims that the latter is on target and that it would bring extensive changes that will also affect all aspects of our society and life. In addition, its impact on firms and employment will be considerable, resulting in richly interconnected organizations with decision making based on the analysis and exploitation of “big” data and intensified, global competition among firms. People will be capable of buying goods and obtaining services from anywhere in the world using the Internet, and exploiting the unlimited, additional benefits that will open through the widespread usage of AI inventions. The paper concludes that significant competitive advantages will continue to accrue to those utilizing the Internet widely and willing to take entrepreneurial risks in order to turn innovative products/services into worldwide commercial success stories. The greatest challenge facing societies and firms would be utilizing the benefits of availing AI technologies, providing vast opportunities for both new products/services and immense productivity improvements while avoiding the dangers and disadvantages in terms of increased unemployment and greater wealth inequalities.     

Predicting macro-financial instability – How relevant is sentiment? Evidence from long short-term memory networks

This paper examines the relevance of sentiment in predicting overall financial system instability using long-run short-term memory networks. Weekly data on the US financial system, consumer sentiment, producer sentiment, and investor sentiment is collected from 21 January 1994 to 27 December 2019, and different models are developed to predict the one-week-ahead levels of financial stress in the US financial system. We find that models using sentiment indices outperform those relying solely on historical financial stress and risk data. This result is robust to comparisons with an alternative deep learning method and out-of-sample predictions. It constitutes an argument in favor of behavioral finance and Minsky’s (Knell, 2015) financial instability hypothesis against the Efficient Market Hypothesis. As it concretely identifies the main indicators for predicting US financial stress one week in advance, the study provides relevant recommendations for policymakers and investors in terms of macroprudential policies and portfolio management.     

试谈离散数学在计算机学科中的重要性

阐述了离散数学及计算机专业其他学科的基本概念，分析了离散数学与计算机专业其他学科间的关系。教师在教学过程中，将此关系在课堂中灌输给学生，让学生了解离散数学在计算机专业学科中所处的重要地位。学生在学习离散数学的同时，能明确该学科的学习目的，也能站在较高的层次把握好离散数学的学习。     

外智引联型创新团队成员优选方法探索

针对西部地区高校科研能力水平较低、高端科研人才匮乏、经济持续增长乏力等问题,采用“外智引联型”跨区域人才“软引进”合作模式,对西部高校改革和区域经济社会快速发展具有重要推动作用,是人才资源开发和利用的明智选择。为解决外智引联型创新团队成员优选问题,首先,运用文献分析法,结合外智引联型创新团队跨区域、多主体、关系灵活等特质,从个人能力、协同能力和适配程度3个维度构建成员选取指标体系;其次,采用层次分析法（AHP）对团队成员进行优选并提出实施步骤;最后,通过案例对方法进行演示。结果表明,该方法能有效选取外智引联型创新团队需用人才,为团队成员选取问题提供思路,具有一定可行性和实际应用价值。