沿海城市围海造地的综合效应分析与可持续发展

围海造地是沿海域开发利用海洋、拓展海岸带发展空间的重要手段之一,它可以充分利用海洋的空间资源属性,正面效应显著.然而,盲目围海造地的负面效应也是当今世界各国关注的热点问题.本文从沿海城市围海造地的效应分析入手,综合考虑围海造地的利与弊,从社会效益、经济效益和环境效益三个方面抽取主要因素作为评价指标,运用模糊统计的方法构...     

汶川地震灾后重建理论述评

收录在"中国知网"上的、探讨汶川地震灾后重建的文章显示,目前灾后重建理论有如下特点:1、坚持以科学发展观为重建指导思想,坚持可持续发展的重建原则;2、将灾后重建视为灾区发展的契机,表达了迎难而上的乐观精神;3、灾后重建理论视野广阔,对灾后产业集群的新模式进行了探索,对不同区域空间的重建做出了积极思考;4、灾后重建理论关...     

Assessment and budget allocation of Iranian natural gas distribution company- A CSW DEA based model

Regarding the importance of budgeting in organizations, this research proposes an empirical approach to budget allocation problems. The methodological instrument utilized is data envelopment analysis (DEA) which is a nonparametric mathematical programming technique. In the DEA methodology a standard DEA model should be independently solved to evaluate each decision making unit (DMU). Consequently, it is hard to find the magnitude of budget for each DMU by applying a budget allocation model based on standard DEA models because identifying the DMU under evaluation is problematic. Also, to overcome problems of evaluation using standard DEA models, common set of weights (CSW) DEA models were suggested. These models can be developed for use in budget allocation DEA models that lead to finding a single magnitude of budget for each DMU. Moreover, the opinion of the decision maker can be incorporated into the model using budgetary constraints. As a result, a restricted linear budget allocation CSW DEA model is proposed in which the central authority would like to plan for improving the total efficiency scores of all DMUs. In essence, the proposed model is used to reallocate the available budget and, thus, the results obtained will be a suggestion for budget allocation in subsequent periods. Finally, the proposed model is applied to budget allocation in the Iranian gas industry in which the available budget is reallocated to increase the total efficiency scores of Iranian gas distribution branches.     

地震灾后房屋鉴定

我国是一个地震灾害极其严重和频繁的国家,如汶川、唐山特大地震造成大量建筑物破坏和倒塌,加上由地震引起的火灾、岩石流等次生灾害,造成大量经济损失,对社会也产生了很大影响,因此,地震灾后鉴定工作非常重要。     

基于价值工程的复合理论评标方法探讨

招投标的关键是评标,采用什么样的评标方法又成为了关键中的关键。本文以价值工程理论为基础,结合层次分析法和模糊综合评价法,提出一种复合理论评标方法,建立了该方法的评标模型,并应用于案例。案例分析表明,基于价值工程复合理论评标方法能使工程评标兼顾工程技术和报价,能全面反映投标商的综合实力,有助于工程建设项目成本降低、功能提高。     

中国省级政府债务风险测度与分析

将财政收入分解为税收收入,土地出让收入以及其他收入。假设三类收入分别服从扩散过程,利用伊藤引理和投资组合理论,建立地方政府债务违约概率测算模型。省级政府债务违约风险的评价结果表明：税收收入和其他收入对地方政府债务违约风险的影响较大,“土地财政”的影响相对较小;偿还债务的期限越长,地方政府债务的违约风险越低;东、中、西部地区的省级地方政府债务的违约风险存在显著差别。西部地区省份的违约风险最高,东部发达地区的违约风险最低。发债试点的8个省市的违约风险普遍较低。四是如果偿还期限为5年,有29个省份的地方政府债务违约风险低于50%。     

Assessing ecosystem sustainability and management using fuzzy logic

Concern about the negative impacts of growth and development on protected area ecosystems has drawn attention to methods for assessing ecosystem sustainability and management. Existing non-stochastic and stochastic methods for assessing weak and strong sustainability of ecosystems have several limitations. The non-stochastic method does not account for errors in measuring attributes, stochastic variability in attributes, and uncertainty about the relationship between ecosystem attributes and states (degrees) of ecosystem sustainability. Although the stochastic method better accounts for errors in measuring attributes, and stochastic variability in attributes than the non-stochastic method, it requires information about the probability distributions of attributes for different states of sustainability. Such information is not readily available. The fuzzy logic method overcomes the limitations of the non-stochastic and stochastic methods, but requires fuzzifying an index of sustainability in the case of weak sustainability, fuzzifying individual attributes in the case of strong sustainability, specifying and estimating membership functions for low, medium and high ecosystem sustainability, selecting a rule to determine whether an ecosystem is strongly sustainable based on the conclusions for fuzzy propositions, and specifying fuzzy sets for truth qualifiers when evaluating conditional and qualified propositions. Whether the benefits outweigh the costs of using the fuzzy logic method depends on the knowledge, data, and information available about the ecosystem, the expertise of the persons doing the assessment, and other factors. The non-stochastic, stochastic and fuzzy logic methods can be used to rank management alternatives and select a preferred alternative in cases where the current state of the ecosystem is unsustainable. Ranking management alternatives using a fuzzy logic method requires ordering the fuzzy scores for alternatives. All three methods for ranking management alternatives call for a group preference ordering for management alternatives in cases where individuals in the group have different preferences for alternatives.     

上海市工业企业科技投入产出效率测度与评价——基于政府财政科技投入的视角

在市场经济条件下,如何科学地评估企业科技投入产出效率,尤其是政府科技投入,已经成为理论界迫切需要解决的焦点问题。本文采用数据包络分析方法,构建了政府科技投入的总效率、使用效率及其改善导向的影子价格等指标构成的工业企业科技投入产出效率测度体系,并利用相应指标测度体系对上海市总体、不同行业、不同所有制的工业企业政府科技投入产出效率进行了实际评价,得到了相应的结论,提出了相应的政策建议。     

一种专利组合价值评估模型的设计

专利资产证券化是推动企业的专利资产能够与金融资本有效融合、促进自主创新中资金需求与供给的良性循环的一种新兴融资方式。在专利资产证券化的过程中,对被证券化专利组合价值的评估是其核心步骤。在实践中,为了降低交易风险,被证券化专利资产池一般由两个或者两个以上的专利组合所构成。为对专利资产证券化中被证券化专利组合价值进行评估,本文针对被证券化专利组合的特点,构建了一个模式转换算法下的三叉树模型。经过算例分析,该模型的运用能够实现对该类专利组合价值的准确评估,从而保证专利资产证券化交易的顺利进行,推动我国专利产业化的进程。     

呼出气体酒精含量探测器测量结果的不确定度评估

通过分析测试过程产生的不确定度分量来源,并利用测试结果及相关资料按照JJF1059《测量不确定度评定与表示》评定该测试结果的不确定度。