突破“转型陷阱”:提升预算的建构力

当前,我国经济社会发展与转型面临着"低能力国家"、"低质市场经济"、"民主形式主义"、"非理性民粹主义"等诸多陷阱。应对转型陷阱的出路在于加快国家建构,实现政府与市场、政府与社会之间的良性互动。预算不仅是一种效率工具和控制工具,它还是现代社会实现国家建构、创新公共治理的关键,在突破转型陷阱中发挥着极为重要的作用。通过"预算宪则",可以对经济秩序建构;通过预算的控制与责任机制,可以对政治和社会秩序建构;通过预算的信息表达与协商,可以对公共理性建构。为提升预算的建构力,需要加快相关制度改革。     

市场经济下少数民族发展陷阱——以武鸣县林禄村桉树和西红柿种植为例

市场经济主导下的少数民族地区,人们在理性选择的基础上追求经济效益的最大化,物质生活得到充裕。与此同时也出现了一些影响民族可持续发展以及社会的和谐稳定的情况。本文以广西武鸣县林禄村桉树和西红柿种植为例,探讨市场经济下追求利益最大化的陷阱。     

International migration of entrepreneurs and the emergence of economic development traps

This paper examines the link between the emigration of entrepreneurs and the emergence of economic development traps, which has not received much attention in the existing literature. We develop a theoretical model, where the economy is divided into a traditional and a modern sector. Entrepreneurs establish firms in the modern sector to produce varieties of differentiated goods. Positive spillover effects exist in the modern sector. We show that the emigration of entrepreneurs can cause economic development traps, where the productivity of the modern sector remains low, and more importantly, the economy is stuck in the traditional structure. In the typical case, the development traps exhibit strong history dependence. Under certain conditions, regardless of the initial endowment of entrepreneurs, economic development traps are unavoidable. By examining the effect of government policy intervention to correct the market failure arising from spillover effects, our study also provides a theoretical foundation for government policies used by some developed countries to attract foreign entrepreneurs.     

略论事件营销的有效实施

事件营销是近年来国内外流行的一种市场推广手段。企业在运作事件营销时应该着重把握三个关键要素：定位、创意、参与度。应该尽量避免迷信明星、无谓赞助、哗众取宠、生搬硬套、忽视风险等五大误区。事件营销有效实施应注意的问题有：关注热点、处理好品牌与事件之间的关系、处理好事件与其它工具的关系、反复权衡企业自身的营销能力、注重风险衡量、注重事件短期效应与品牌长期战略的关系等。     

试论品牌延伸的新陷阱与策略

文章指出,品牌延伸是把双刃剑,它在给企业带来蓬勃发展的同时,也可以使企业落入万劫不复的深渊;区别于传统意义上的品牌延伸,市场的扩张在一定意义上也是一种品牌延伸和授权,扩张同样淡化品牌个性;企业在进行品牌延伸时,应警惕新的经营陷阱。     

Melioration learning in games with constant and frequency-dependent pay-offs

The paper explores the implications of melioration learning—an empirically significant variant of reinforcement learning—for game theory. We show that in games with invariable pay-offs melioration learning converges to Nash equilibria in a way similar to the replicator dynamics. Since melioration learning is known to deviate from optimizing behavior when an action’s rewards decrease with increasing relative frequency of that action, we also investigate an example of a game with frequency-dependent pay-offs. Interactive melioration learning is then still appropriately described by the replicator dynamics, but it indeed deviates from rational choice behavior in such a game.     

人力资本门槛、创新互动能力与低发展陷阱——对1990年以来中国地区经济差距的实证检验

1990年以来,中国各地区经济差距不断扩大现象引起理论界的广泛关注。内生增长理论认为,原因可能在于落后地区的低人力资本禀赋难以同本地创新形成良性互动,导致经济增长速度始终囿于低发展陷阱。中国地区数据的实证结果表明,中等层次人力资本是创新经济增长的主要驱动要素,同一人力资本门槛内部的相近地区经济增长率基本保持均衡。如果外生政策变量不诱导落后地区跨越人力资本门槛,这类地区的低发展均衡状态将很难被突破。因此,在增加物质资本投入的同时突出人力资本建设,对平衡中国各地区经济增长具有很强的政策意义。     

International investment in a model of stochastic growth and development traps

This paper investigates the effects of financial integration in a stochastic endogenous growth model of two economies in which heterogeneous agents face fixed costs of productive investment. The removal of investment barriers may enable a poor country to escape from a state of low and unstable growth by leading to large capital inflows and by raising the number of agents who invest in productive capital. However, since the two economies are characterized by increasing returns to capital and since financial integration may lower the saving rate, it is also possible that both countries' growth prospects worsen.     

Rational But Poor? An Explanation for Rural Economic Livelihood Strategy

Using panel data for six rural sub‐Saharan Africa countries, this article tests two hypotheses: (i) household‐specific staple food price bands resulting from market failures in the presence of liquidity constraints and rainfed agriculture induces rural household specialisation in food crops as an economic livelihood strategy; (ii) specialisation in food crops yields inferior welfare than diversification, and keeps households trapped in poverty. The results lend strong support to both hypotheses, reinforcing the need for public investment in rural infrastructure in order to encourage household livelihood diversification for improved welfare.