俄罗斯国有银行：优势地位、私有化及启示

俄罗斯国有银行在改革之始就实行了股份制商业化改造,已经基本上具备了较为现代的公司治理机制,其管理和经营效率包括资产和资本收益率较国内的其他股份制和私人银行还要好些,但国家支持的优势地位及由此形成的国有银行垄断问题依然成为银行服务市场发展公平有效的竞争环境的阻碍。国有银行私有化已经成为俄银行部门发展战略的重要内容。     

制造业投入服务化对碳生产率影响的理论建模和实证检验——以珠三角为例

制造业投入服务化有利于制造业提高劳动生产率,且具有生态效益。在短期内,制造业服务化的发展会引起碳生产率的降低;但随着制造业服务化发展到一定程度,服务化对碳生产率的负向影响转为正,促进制造业碳生产率的提高。碳生产率与制造业服务化之间存在非线性关系且呈U型。     

Bank capital regulation, asset risk, and subordinated uninsured debt

Whether more stringent capital requirements lead to reduced or to increased bank risk-taking has been discussed intensively in the academic literature. In this paper we drop the common but unrealistic assumptions that banks only issue deposits whose returns are guaranteed by a subsidised deposit insurance and that deposit insurance is free. We prove that with uninsured debt and a flat-rate deposit insurance premium the reaction of a bank to a higher capital requirement may change substantially. In some scenarios banks increase asset risk due to the enforcement of a more stringent capital requirement.     

The Effects of Cross‐Functional Integration on Profitability,Process Efficiency,and Asset Productivity

We employ information processing theory (IPT) to posit beneficial impacts of internal integration on firm profitability and its underlying components of process efficiency and asset productivity. We further hypothesize that these effects are greater for firms that operate wider spans of supply chain processes. These expectations are tested with the combination of two different data sources: primary data collected to gauge levels of internal integration, and secondary data collected from financial reports including profitability performance and related financial ratios. The results provide evidence that internal integration mainly affects profits by driving process efficiencies. These efficiencies appear to be especially significant in sales, general, and administrative related costs for firms that have broad process spans. In contrast, the data analysis offers no evidence of a relationship between internal integration and asset productivity. Based on these findings, we point out important implications for the applicability of IPT in explaining the effects of internal integration, and identify a call for action for practitioners. Overall, our study enhances both the rigor and relevance of internal integration research by grounding it in IPT, by utilizing objectively reported financial data, by identifying specific cost benefits, and by studying the impact of process span as an important contingency.     

From the Editor

This article revises the thesis that exporting firms learn to be more innovative and efficient as they have contact with certain information flows from their foreign activity. It begins by exploring the connections between two concepts: self-selection and learning-by-exporting. The study proceeds with a comparative analysis of the most recent literature and presents common facts and key issues still open to debate. Learning-by-exporting should be measured directly using firms' innovative performance. Given the lack of suitable data on firms' innovative activities, most studies—although without consensus—have followed an indirect approach using productivity measures.     

PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH IN LATIN AMERICA OVER THE LONG RUN

The low pace of Latin American productivity growth in recent decades, despite extensive economic reforms, has yet to be understood in a longer‐run context where factors such as demographic changes, structural shifts, and investment levels can be taken fully into account. The OxLAD database provides comparable sectoral output and workforce series over 1900–2000 for the six leading economies in the region for the first time. Our analysis of this new dataset shows that: intersectoral resource reallocation reduced aggregate productivity growth in all three periods; total factor productivity growth was low throughout the century, and even negative in the closing three decades; and thus factor accumulation—investment in fixed capital and skilled labor—was the main source of productivity growth in Latin America during the twentieth century.     

省区市优势纺织业分布及变化趋势研究——基于集聚、规模与效率

研究各省区市优势纺织业的空间分布及演化过程,对于调整纺织业空间格局,优化产业结构,培育优势产业,振兴纺织行业,具有重要的现实意义。本文运用行业空间分布、行业规模水平、行业效率三个维度组合的分析方法,对1999~2007年各省区市优势纺织业的分布状况及变动过程进行了实证分析,在此基础上给出了相关对策建议。     

新时期人民银行女职工问题研究——以人民银行西安分行为例

本文以人行西安分行为例总结了新时期人民银行女职工的现状,并在此基础上分析了女职工的主要诉求,提出了新时期人民银行女职工工作应由＂三项创建＂、岗位建功等单一的工作要求发展向工作业绩与个人幸福并重、单位与家庭兼顾上来,为破解制约新时期人民银行女职工工作发展的瓶颈,促进人民银行女职工工作发展提供参考。     

关于劳动价值论的几个问题

本文对劳动价值论的几个相关问题提出如下看法1.不同的劳动生产率层次与商品价值量之间呈现出不同的变动关系.2.超额剩余价值的源泉是由转化为现实生产力的科学技术本身的价值转化来的,这是由科学技术人员、生产管理人员等脑力劳动者创造的超过自身劳动力价值的一部分剩余价值.3.以不变价格计算的国民生产总值一定比例增长,不仅表明物质财富的量的增长,还是劳动生产率的不断提高,使社会价值总量不断增长引起的社会商品价格总量不断增加的结果.