Development, Present Status and Some Prospects of the Financial Markets in Korea

This paper describes the historical background and the present structure of Korea's financial markets to provide the basic understanding of issues facing the Korean financial system. The financial system in Korea has been introduced and developed to serve specific political or economic purposes, putting the financial markets in a tight control of government. As a result of the government-controlled financial policies market mechanism has oftentimes been ignored or distorted, making the Korean financial market inefficient and not competitive. To increase the efficiency of the financial system the Korean government plans to launch a Big Bang style financial reform. Attention is paid to the ongoing efforts of the Korean government for financial reforms. As the financial reform takes effect in the near future there will be far fewer regulations and government interventions in financial sector.     

国有商业银行股份制改革问题及其深化

为了充分发挥金融对经济发展的促进作用,中国改革开放后恢复和设立了四大专业银行,打破了中国人民银行一统天下的格局。专业银行成立后,朝着实行独立经营、企业化管理的方向迈进。国有商业银行是中国银行业的主体,加快其改革步伐关系到改革发展和稳定的大局。国有商业银行的改制上市,标志着中国银行业向建立现代商业银行体系的目标迈进。由于自身还存在许多缺陷,深化国有商业银行改革还需要继续推进和完善股份制改造。     

关于城市建设贷款证券化的可行性研究

近年来,城市化进程的加快导致城市基础建设贷款的迅速增长,而不断扩大的贷款规模与有限的地方政府财力之间的矛盾日益突出,其中存在的潜在风险也越来越引起人们的关注。笔者运用国外成熟资产证券化原理,试图探索城市建设贷款证券化(财政—银行—证券)这样一种新型的基础设施投融资方式,建立"政府入口、金融孵化、资本市场出口"的机制,把政府的组织优势与银行的融资优势结合起来,有效地发挥金融机构连接政府和市场的桥梁与纽带作用,为解决我国目前城镇化进程加快与地方政府财力有限的矛盾探索一条合理有效的途径。     

Reform of the Japanese banking system

Japan has experienced a decade-long economic stagnation with a distressed banking sector in the 1990s. The absence of a credit culture to rigorously assess and price credit risks of borrowers, aggravated by weak prudential and supervisory frameworks, in the 1980s, the collapse of the asset price bubble in the early 1990s, and the lack of decisive, comprehensive strategy to address the banking sector problem at an early stage were largely responsible for the emergence of banking sector problems. All of these allowed a systemic banking crisis to emerge in 1997–98 and a large output loss during 1998–2002. The crisis ultimately prompted the government to take a more aggressive policy to tackle the problem. Considerable progress has been made since then on banking sector stabilization, restructuring, and consolidation. The regulatory and supervisory framework has been strengthened in a way consistent with an increasingly market-oriented, globalized environment. As a result, the worst is over in the Japanese banking system, setting the stage for sustained economic recovery. Though bank capital may still be inadequate, safety nets are in place, and credit allocation has been made more rational. Remaining risks are limited to regional and smaller institutions that are vulnerable to weak, local economic conditions and hikes of the long-term interest rate.

轴心受压钢管混凝土柱的优化设计

用双剪统一强度理论推导的轴心受压钢管混凝土柱的承载力计算公式作为约束条件，以造价为目标函数，以钢管混凝土中的钢管直径、壁厚、核心混凝土的强度等级等为设计变量，对其进行优化设计，得到了满足使用和最优条件下的基本参数，为轴心受压钢管混凝土柱的设计提供了较好的计算依据。     

不良资产、税收与银行准入的开放

中国商业银行的不良贷款金额巨大,风险很高,但同时也有大量的投资者希望进入这个行业;商业银行业整体上资本金也严重不足,但监管者却不愿意让投资者进入。本文深入分析了这两个悖论背后的税收原因和金融制度原因,提出只有建立在“资本监管”基础上的银行监管,才能消除悖论,使监管变得理性,使商业银行体系趋于稳健,同时也使银行业趋向开放。     

解决中国商业银行"惜贷"问题的对策及建议

近年来,中国经济发展迅速。但商业银行却普遍出现了“惜贷”现象,信贷资金撬动经济发展的杠杆作用没有得到充分发挥。结合中国的实际情况,分析了商业银行惜贷的原因,并在此基础上提出了化解的对策和建议。     

关于组建海峡银行的基本构想与建议

海峡两岸金融合作与经济合作是一种相辅相成、互为条件的关系。两岸金融合作的不断加强，必将对两岸经济合作起推动和深化作用。可组建海峡银行，推进海峡西岸经济区在两岸金融合作方面先行先试。本文主要从组建海峡银行的基本构想提出谈起，提出组建海峡银行的基本构想和建议，并对组建海峡银行前景进行了预期。     

我国国有商业银行上市问题的认识

国有商业银行改制上市是经济学界关注的问题。作者从三个方面分析说明了在目前情况下整体上市的条件不成熟，进而提出分拆上市的三种可行性方案。