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981.
982.
混合式协作学习(Blended Collaborative Learning,简称BCL)是面对面协作学习(F2FCL)与计算机在线协作学习(CSCL)相结合,在课堂和网络两种环境下采用分组形式共同完成课题的学习模式。BCL是一种新的协作学习类型。BCL是CSCL与F2FCL的整合、亦是混合学习与协作学习的整合。本文重点介绍BCL模式的框架,特别是合理分组,科学评价。 相似文献
983.
多接口多信道的无线Mesh网络容易受到其它相同频率信道的无线干扰,导致网络性能的下降。针对临时环境组网的特点,采用高通信量链路干扰最小的原则,提出新的信道分配模型及算法,经验证该算法对网络性能有一定程度的提升。 相似文献
984.
随着微信等移动终端的广泛应用,其营销价值越来越受到电商们的热捧。未来,移动电子商务将成为网络营销主流形式,农业电子商务应积极探寻与移动终端进行高效整合的营销推广模式。通过在微信平台上,与目标用户群体建立良好互动,将营销信息由用户自发地传播推广;同时对数据信息进行分析,以期能更好地提供具有针对性的用户服务以及制定出适宜的经营战略。 相似文献
985.
Muhummad Azfar Anwar Rongting Zhou Fahad Asmi Dong Wang Ali Hammad 《Journal of economic surveys》2019,33(3):968-998
The study explores the intellectual structure, development and evolution of energy crisis and economic growth research through bibliometric analysis of research articles on energy‐growth nexus from 2000 to 2017 by using Citespace where Gephi is used to analyse the authors collaboration. The analysis incorporates 27,152 references cited by 344 authors, in 1165 articles and from 330 journals. The results of study quantitatively present the most cited articles, authors, countries, institutions and intellectual structure with data visualization in the knowledge domain of energy‐growth nexus. The study categorizes the major research areas in energy‐growth nexus research as carbon dioxide emission, electricity consumption, heterogeneous Panel, real income, renewable energy and financial development. The study discusses emerging trends which provide the future research fronts and intellectual development within the framework of energy‐growth nexus. 相似文献
986.
Elizabeth Gooch 《Journal of Comparative Economics》2019,47(4):827-852
Chairman Mao Zedong’s Great Leap Forward development plan strongly affected food security in rural China at the time, given that many of the associated policies exploited rural labor and extracted resources. A few months after the plan’s initial implementation in August 1958, food shortages were reported; by the spring of 1961, more than 30 million citizens had died of starvation and famine-related illnesses. However, as the national plan was rolled out and then upheld over three years, on-the-ground implementation was nonuniform. Using georeferenced terrain ruggedness data which captures small-scale topological irregularities and information on provincial leadership attitudes towards Mao’s plan, I provide evidence on forces underlying the famine’s intensity and distribution. The analysis is based on a differential effect, in which a fear-based incentive structure characterizing the plan’s implementation is implicitly embedded. The baseline results indicate that rugged terrain protected more than 4.6 million rural Chinese from dying in the famine. By identifying an additional benefit of ruggedness to health and well-being in some rural communities, I show that not only does a causal relationship exist at a local level between Great Leap policies and famine mortality, but also that the lethality of the policies varied per state power at the time. 相似文献
987.
Abstract Recent empirical work on tax incidence suggests that after‐tax price responses are independent of the tax change direction. This paper investigates asymmetric price responses to ad‐valorem tax changes in the Brazilian food market for 10 goods in 16 states during the period 1994–2008. Our results suggest that when tax rates increase, tax full shifting occurs for 2 of the 10 goods and tax overshifting occurs for one of the 10 goods; the price response to tax cuts is an undershifting for all goods. Moreover, this last result is similar to our estimation of (average) tax incidence (undershifting). We also investigate the short‐term and long‐term relationships between prices and VAT rate parameters and find that prices seem to respond to tax shocks within four months. 相似文献
988.
Charles B. Blankart 《Constitutional Political Economy》1996,7(4):257-265
The state can be conceived as an organization to protect personal freedom and to provide public goods. Consequently, we expect a constitution to consist of two different sets of rules; rules on personal freedom and rules for making collective decisions on public goods (mostly budgetary rules). The constitution of the European Union as laid down in the treaty of Maastricht (1992) provides both types of rules, but the emphasis is mainly on the former rules. This paper investigates budgetary rules, in particular the welfare economic logic of deficit spending. 相似文献
989.
We present an alternative measurement method of investor overconfidence, using unique survey data on stock market predictions of investors. We apply the Parkinson estimate based on extreme bounds around the stock forecast to deduce investor confidence. The results support overconfidence. 相似文献
990.
The most pronounced reason for providing fiscal incentives to attract foreign direct investment (FDI) is that FDI is an effective conduit for technology transfer through technology spillovers to domestically owned firms in the host country. This study analyzes the nature and significance of productivity externalities of FDI to local firms, both in terms of intra-industry and inter-industry spillovers, using firm-level data from Zambia. The results show little evidence in support of intra-industry productivity spillovers from FDI on one hand, and significant inter-industry knowledge spillovers occurring through linkages. The net impact of FDI depends on the interaction between intra-industry and inter-industry productivity effects. 相似文献