学习技术还是学习思想——西方经济学教学中的难点评析

在西方经济学的教学中,思想和技术的学习应该完美地结合起来,缺一不可。而中国大学西方经济学的课时安排与教材选择,基本的倾向是侧重于技术的学习而忽略了思想的学习。经过几年尝试性的试验,我们认为,应该在现在的教学模式上再增加一些基础课时来学习经济学基础,这对今后理解和掌握西方经济学并且借鉴西方经济学的有益部分不无好处。     

Financial statement data in assessing the future potential of a technology firm: The case of Nokia

The paper introduces a financial statement method to assess the future potential of a firm. First, the last strategic steady phase is identified. Second, growth rate for total expenditure is estimated (growth process). Third, the revenue generating potential of total expenditure is evaluated by a distributed lag function (revenue-generating process). This function is used to recalculate expenses and assets using alternative depreciation theories. Third, financial behavior is modeled by analyzing financial assets, taxation, interest expenses and revenues, and dividends (financial process). Fourth, these processes are used to assess the future potential. The method is illustrated by the case of Nokia for the period 1990-2000.     

我国煤炭输送方式经济性方面的研究工作

煤炭运输方式的经济性问题是制定能源产业政策的基本理论问题之一,为此回顾了我国五十年代以来的部分有关研究工作,对不同时期的部分研究实例从研究方法、技术方案和研究结论三个方面进行了对比分析,揭示了不同研究工作在基本原理方面的一致性和技术方案方面的差异性,以及由此造成的研究结论的异同。     

Behavioral assumptions and theory development: the case of transaction cost economics

From a critical realist perspective, I discuss the role played by behavioral assumptions in organization theories, and use transaction cost economics as an illustrative example. Core behavioral assumptions often constitute the foundation of the mechanismic explanations of a theory, and thus should play a pivotal role in theory development. I distinguish between assumption‐based and assumption‐omitted theory testing, and show that empirical research in transaction cost economics has been dominated by assumption‐omitted testing. To establish a solid foundation for a new theory, management researchers should pay more attention to assumption‐based testing. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

经济学要研究人的非理性

主流经济学以人是理性的假设为基础,进行数学化的推论,能够解释人的理性经济行为,但不能说明人的不确定条件下的非理性决策行为。近年来,在不确定条件下决定的非理性行为的研究取得了一定进展,把非理性纳入经济研究成为补充主流经济学缺陷并推动经济学发展的不可或缺的方面。     

人力资源会计模式评价及建议

尽管劳动者权益会计模式具有独特的优势,但其成本较高。如果我们通过新的制度安排降低劳动者权益会计模式的成本,则该模式将是最佳选择。     

工业经济学新体系研究

当工业经济学的客观基础发生了极大的变化，传统的工业经济学已经难以驾驭的时候，工业经济学本身应该做怎样的调整和发展呢?《新编工业经济学》的研究对象是：在市场经济条件下，工业生产以及同工业生产直接相关的经济行为、经济关系和经济规律，包括工业品生产、交换、消费过程中的一切经济现象。工业生产是采取自然物质资源，通过加工制造活动进行物质形态转换，使之成为人类生产和生活所需要的物质资料的过程。而在经济学的学科分类中，工业经济学就是研究工业生产领域中有限资源的有效利用和配置，以及由此产生的社会生产关系和人类福利问题的经济学分支学科。工业经济学是一门与时俱进的学科，关于其学科体系的研究尚处于初步阶段，而且工业经济学具有开放性。所以，工业经济学的学科体系是可发展的。随着研究的深入，工业经济学的学科体系也将不断完善和更具科学性。     

Preference purification and the inner rational agent: a critique of the conventional wisdom of behavioural welfare economics

Neoclassical economics assumes that individuals have stable and context-independent preferences, and uses preference satisfaction as a normative criterion. By calling this assumption into question, behavioural findings cause fundamental problems for normative economics. A common response to these problems is to treat deviations from conventional rational choice theory as mistakes, and to try to reconstruct the preferences that individuals would have acted on, had they reasoned correctly. We argue that this preference purification approach implicitly uses a dualistic model of the human being, in which an inner rational agent is trapped in an outer psychological shell. This model is psychologically and philosophically problematic.     

Choosing for others

Experiments conducted in the US and France were used to study how individuals make trade-offs between health and taste for themselves and others. When someone receives a choice made for them that differs from their preference, they experience a welfare loss; at least in the short-term. We measure the empirical magnitude of this loss, and suggest it play a role in assessing the desirability of paternalistic policies motivated by behavioural economics. We show that the welfare loss changes with the provision of new information and the impact of this information differs for the two countries.