Funding liquidity risk and the low-volatility anomaly: Evidence from the Taiwan stock market

We investigate whether the funding liquidity risk to institutional investors influences the negative relation between expected returns and variance (the ‘‘Low-volatility anomaly’’). With the Taiwan stock market as a setting, we implement a multivariate Markov switching model and use the funding liquidity risk to model the time-varying transition probabilities of the regime-switching process to capture changes in the funding liquidity risk regime. Our evidence documents that the low-volatility anomaly is most pronounced when there is high funding liquidity risk. When there is low funding liquidity risk, however, the low-volatility anomaly has a significant reversal. These results imply that the increased funding liquidity risk due to financial shock transmitted from parent banks is associated with higher selling pressure on institutional investors’ high-volatility stocks, leading to the low-volatility anomaly.     

Identifying crime generators and spatially overlapping high-risk areas through a nonlinear model: A comparison between three cities of the Valencian region (Spain)

The behavior and spatial distribution of crime events can be explained through the characterization of an area in terms of its demography, socioeconomy, and built environment. In particular, recent studies on the incidence of crime in a city have focused on the identification of features of the built environment (specific places or facilities) that may increase crime risk within a certain radius. However, it is hard to identify environmental characteristics that consistently explain crime occurrence across cities and crime types. This article focuses on the assessment of the effect that certain types of places have on the incidence of property crime, robbery, and vandalism in three cities of the Valencian region (Spain): Alicante, Castellon, and Valencia. A nonlinear effects model is used to identify such places and to construct a risk map over the three cities considering the three crime types under research. The results obtained suggest that there are remarkable differences across cities and crime types in terms of the types of places associated with crime outcomes. The identification of high-risk areas allows verifying that crime is highly concentrated, and also that there is a high level of spatial overlap between the high-risk areas corresponding to different crime types.     

河南省第三产业结构发展趋势预测与灰关联分析

笔者通过运用等维灰数递补模型对河南省第三产业产值、城镇居民人均可支配收入、交通运输仓储及邮电通信业、批发和零售贸易餐饮业、金融保险业、房地产业产值进行预测,认为河南第三产业结构自“十五”后趋于合理,房地产业、公交邮电通讯业、批零商业等日趋重要,相应的对策是应在保持这些产业优势的基础上,大力发展一些新行业,促进河南第三产业健康发展和人民生活水平持续提高。     

商业银行内部控制低效的成因及模式重构

我国商业银行金融风险的产生多是由内部控制低效造成,而内部控制低效又源于控制模式的不规范.因此,研究这一课题具有重要的理论价值和现实意义.为探索提高内部控制效果的有效途径,本文在分析我国商业银行内部控制低效成因的基础上,根据COSO报告和ERM的要求,构建了要素式动态控制的立体模式,并对这一模式的构成及其运行方式等进行了深入研究,为商业银行规范内部控制行为和降低金融风险提供了一种行之有效的管理手段.     

基于DEA-Malmquist-Tobit模型的环境效率测度及影响因素研究——以河南省为例

基于河南省2007—2016年各地级市的面板数据,首先运用规模报酬可变的DEA模型和Malmquist指数模型分别从静态和动态的角度测度环境效率,然后构建Tobit回归模型探究影响环境效率的因素。结果表明,河南省环境效率整体处于较高水平,技术效率略有降低,投入要素的配置趋于合理;环境效率在动态变化上呈下降趋势,其中技术进步对河南省环境效率的影响较为关键;河南省产业结构具有较大调整空间,第二产业所占比重对河南省环境效率的影响最大。     

关于我国股市知情交易水平及其性质的实证研究

基于Easley、Hvidkjaer和O'Hara的序贯交易模型与PIN (Probability of Information-based Trading,基于信息的交易比率)指标对我国股市知情交易情况进行的实证分析研究结果表明:(1)我国股市信息不对称程度较高;(2)由于知情交易者利用坏消息的能力有限且流动性交易水平较高,我国股市知情交易比率并不太高;(3)知情交易比率与后续期间股票收益率的负相关性,表明我国股市中市场操控型知情交易比较严重.因此,我们认为应进一步完善上市公司的信息披露制度,降低投资者之间的信息不对称程度,同时确保流动性投资者参与股市的积极性;在引入做空机制时应慎重考虑和综合权衡,避免不适当地增加流动性投资者所承担的逆向选择风险水平,降低股市的流动性供给和风险分散功能;证券市场监管部门应进一步加强对异常交易活动的监控,加大对市场操纵行为的打击力度,以确保我国证券市场的健康发展.     

Is the environment‐friendly factor attractive to customers when purchasing electric vehicles? Evidence from South Korea

In a bid to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, several countries worldwide are implementing policies to promote electric vehicles (EVs). However, contrary to expectations, the diffusion speed of EVs has been rather slow in South Korea. This study analyzes consumer preferences for the technological and environmental attributes of EVs and derives policy and environmental implications to promote market diffusion of EVs in South Korea. We conduct a choice‐based conjoint survey of 1,008 consumers in South Korea and estimate the consumer utility function using a mixed logit model considering consumer heterogeneity. Based on the consumer utility function, we analyze consumers' willingness‐to‐pay (WTP) for EV attributes such as driving range, charging method, charging time, autonomous driving function, carbon dioxide (CO₂) reduction rate, and purchase price. The results indicate that the current low acceptance of EVs is due to their relatively high price and lack of a battery charging technology that satisfies consumers' expectations of the charging method and time. One interesting finding is that Korean consumers have a relatively higher WTP for the CO₂ reduction rate of EVs than consumers in other countries; however, they do not consider CO₂ reduction over other technological attributes when choosing EVs. This implies that the rate of CO₂ reduction of EVs is not an important factor for South Korean consumers when buying EVs. We also calculate the effect of CO₂ reduction with the market penetration of EVs and find that CO₂ reduction through the diffusion of EVs depends on the country's electricity generation mix.     

从印度危机反思小额贷款的高利率盈利模式

印度小额信贷危机震惊了全球,唤醒了人们对高利率盈利模式的反思。近年来,印度小额贷款利率持续上升并维持于高位——而极高的利率并非基于成本和风险的考虑——挤出经营性贷款需求——借款人因无力偿债而引发社会危机。危机表明,高利率的小额贷款只会为其经营者带来持续的高利润,而借款人的生计则陷入不可持续的困境。中国小额信贷起步较晚,但在利率问题上存在同样盲区。高利率在中国同样难担脱贫之任,低收入者的希望是支付得起的低利模式,即信贷的互助合作。     

Do jobs follow people or people follow jobs? A meta-analysis of Carlino–Mills studies

Do jobs follow people or people follow jobs? A meta-analysis of Carlino–Mills studies. Spatial Economic Analysis. This study examines the classic question as to whether ‘jobs follow people’ or ‘people follow jobs’ by performing a meta-analysis of 321 results from 64 Carlino–Mills studies. It is found that the results are highly divergent, but that more results point towards ‘jobs following people’ than towards ‘people following jobs’. When it comes to the reasons for the variation in results, we find that the results are mostly shaped by the geographical location, spatial resolution, and population and employment characteristics present in the data, as well as by the model’s specification, its functional form and the spatial weight matrix specification.     

浅析陕西省汽车营销模式的现状及发展对策

本文针对陕西省汽车营销模式的现状,总结当前陕西汽车营销模式中存在的不足,对陕西汽车营销模式发展提出了具体的对策。