Threats to new product manufacturability and the effects of development team integration processes

The thesis of this article is that new product manufacturability (NPM) is influenced by certain challenges inherent in new product development (NPD), and by efforts to integrate manufacturing and other functional concerns into the product design process. This research tests the direct and interacting effects of these influences via a survey of 91 completed NPD projects representing a variety of manufacturing industries. While most hypotheses were supported, the analysis also provides some surprising findings. Project complexity and increased levels of design outsourcing are associated with poorer NPM. Product newness and project acceleration are associated with better NPM. All the measured aspects of development team integration are associated with better NPM, including intense manufacturing involvement, a collaborative work environment, supplier influence on the product design, and strong management support in the project. Furthermore, certain integration variables exert moderating effects on relationships between technological uncertainty, product newness, design outsourcing, project acceleration and NPM. By exposing these relationships this research extends the theory of product development influences on manufacturability beyond a focus on engineering-oriented approaches (e.g., design-for-manufacture). The results suggest that larger managerial issues must be addressed and that more contingency-oriented research is needed to explore the benefits and limitations of development team integration processes.     

面向企业自适应能力的管理集成绩效评价研究

绩效评价就是人们对客观存在的主观认识,其结果与所采用的评价体系有直接的关系。文章提出了企业自适应能力管理集成概念,分析了企业自适应能力管理集成绩效评价的内涵和特征,在此基础上构建了评价体系,描述了评价步骤和方法。     

军民融合背景下我国上市军工企业结构评价研究

采用“DEA方法”评价我国上市军工企业结构优化度,通过我国各军工产业结构优化效率之间的对比,探究我国军工产业结构现有的问题,进而提出新时期、新常态下,我国军工产业结构升级的对策。最后,就军民融合背景下我国军工企业转型升级问题提出实践性指导。     

基于作业过程的园林绿化项目资源清单模型

结合生产要素六元理论,对园林绿化项目资源进行界定;以作业过程为信息关联节点,通过施工工序分解和资源特征匹配,构造园林绿化项目的“产出-作业”分配关系描述矩阵和“作业-资源”消耗关系描述矩阵。XX科技园林绿化企业的应用结果表明,项目资源清单模型解决了目前园林绿化企业资源信息分离使用的现状,是企业快速构建项目资源计划表、项目施工方案以及快速估算项目成本等的基础数据信息。     

长三角地区国家级文化科技融合示范基地发展现状分析——基于网络资料与部分基地及企业调研

国家先后认定了34个国家级文化科技融合示范基地,旨在为了加强文化科技融合,不断培育文化新业态,促进文化产业持续健康发展。通过对长三角地区基地的调研与考察,结合网上公布的基地相关资料信息,对长三角地区国家级文化科技融合示范基地的发展现状和存在问题进行了归纳分析,并提出了思考建议,以期为基地后续发展提供有益借鉴。     

京津冀人才一体化的内涵与实现路径

人才作为关键性的创新要素,在京津冀三地间实现符合区域功能和产业分工的均衡布局,是实现全方位合作的重要引导因素。面对三地人才布局不均、流向不平衡、跨区域创新合作不足等现实挑战,京津冀人才一体化的核心内涵是要建立统一的话语体系夯实认知基础、跨区域连贯的发展平台提供协作载体、共同的合作目标寻求发展动力、开放平衡的治理机制增强外部保障。为此,需要开展知识交流工程、加速产业与园区共建、增设人才引进和合作研发项目等,加快实现区域人才一体化。     

Animal disease outbreaks and food market price dynamics: Evidence from regime‐dependent modelling and connected scatterplots

The economic impacts of animal disease outbreaks have been widely discussed in the literature. Most authors have centred their attention on estimating the direct costs. Recent studies have shown that the indirect economic effects might lead to equal or even higher welfare losses. This study aims to contribute to this field of research by assessing the effect of an animal disease outbreak on food market price dynamics in Mexico, accounting for the potential effect of an antitrust intervention. We employ a regime‐dependent vector error correction model and a connected scatterplot analysis. The results show that both the outbreak and the antitrust intervention caused structural breaks in food market price dynamics between producers and consumers, reflected in an increase in the absolute component of the marketing margin, with serious food security implications.     

The challenge of Chinese state‐affiliated multinationals in benefiting from foreign subsidiary knowledge transfer: A criticism of light‐touch integration

Acknowledging the sharp growth of Chinese state‐affiliated multinationals and their strategic asset‐seeking investments abroad, this study investigates the effects of headquarters' home‐country political ties on the multinational‐wide benefits gained from subsidiary knowledge transfer in Chinese multinationals. It also looks at how these effects are mediated by organizational distance and social integration between headquarters and subsidiary. Based on a survey of 177 subsidiaries of 99 Chinese multinationals, we find that headquarters' political ties trigger organizational distance and hinder social integration between headquarters and foreign subsidiaries and these, in turn, hamper the potential benefits that Chinese multinationals derive from subsidiary knowledge transfer. This study identifies new challenges related to political ties and light‐touch integration in gaining benefits from subsidiary knowledge transfer.     

Switzerland’s transition from flood defence to flood-adapted land use–A policy coordination perspective

This contribution examines Switzerland’s shift towards integrated flood risk management from a policy coordination perspective. The study applies a heuristic framework of policy coordination to explore how adaption needs promoted cross-sectoral policy coordination between hydraulic engineering and land use planning and enhanced coherence in flood policies targeting extreme flood events. To account for the temporal dimension in policy coordination, the article traces Swiss flood policies back to the early 1800s and distinguishes four phases of policy coordination. Across the four periods, the analysis focuses on (a) the drivers of policy coordination, (b) the manifestation of policy coordination in terms of policy frames, goals, instruments and subsystem involvement, and (c) the performance of policy coordination. Complemented by an in-depth case study of cross-sectoral flood policies in the Swiss canton Nidwalden findings show that the coordination between flood and land use policies has primarily been driven by three factors: (i) extreme floods as focusing events, (ii) an increasing problem pressure, and (iii) strategic reorientations in flood and land use policies. Today, flood risk management in Switzerland displays a high degree of sectoral interplay between hydraulic engineering and spatial planning. By fostering flood-adapted land uses Switzerland’s coordinated flood policies reduce the vulnerability to uncertain future changes in flood risk and strengthen the country’s capacities to mitigate damage in extreme floods events.