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71.
通过对西方经济学理论庸俗性表现的反思,可得出如下结论:(1)不能割裂个人与社会,个人与国家,个人与集体的联系,而过分宣扬“经济人”或“理性人”的假设;(2)不能割裂经济与政治、意识形态的关系而孤立地研究经济。对于西方经济学理论,不能仅仅研究其理论本身,还应研究其产生的思想和文化背景;不能照搬西方的理论和模式,不能过分倚重或迷信经济数量分析。对于中国的经济问题,必须放在中国的历史、思想、文化、民族心理等这样的大背景下来开展研究和寻求解决途径。  相似文献   
72.
家庭经济研究是发展经济学的一个方兴未艾的领域,对发展经济学理论与发展中国家现实的联系作出了特殊的贡献。本文从家庭收入与营养健康的关系;公正、平等与营养健康的关系;家庭生产、消费行为的决策;家庭生育行为决策等方面分析发展经济学对家庭经济的研究。  相似文献   
73.
Summary. The requirement that a voting procedure be immune to the strategic withdrawal of a candidate for election can be formalized in different ways. Dutta, Jackson, and Le Breton (Econometrica, 2001) have recently shown that two formalizations of this candidate stability property are incompatible with some other desirable properties of voting procedures. This article shows that Grether and Plott's nonbinary generalization of Arrow's Theorem can be used to provide simple proofs of two of their impossibility theorems. Received: August 15, 2001; revised version: March 11, 2002 RID="*" ID="*" Parts of this article were previously circulated in somewhat different form in a working paper with the same title by the second author. We are grateful to Michel Le Breton and an anonymous referee for their comments. Correspondence to:J.A. Weymark  相似文献   
74.
    
In this work we examine how economic growth affects public debt when interacted with reelection prospects. Reelection considerations shorten political time horizons and give rise to political myopia that exacerbates debt accumulation. That laxer institutional reelection restrictions (e.g., no term limits) mitigate this effect due to electoral accountability is well known. Incorporating growth, we find that this mitigation can be reversed because less myopic, and more accountable, incumbents put more emphasis on smoothing the effects of growth across generations. We test these predictions using an annual-based panel of U.S. states over the period 1963–2010. Our identification strategy rests on constitutionally-entrenched differences in gubernatorial term limits that provide plausibly exogenous variation in reelection prospects, and aggregate national TFP shocks that are exogenous to individual states. Our estimates indicate that when reelection is possible a one standard deviation positive income shock induces, within the same year, a relative increase of approximately $40 in real per capita public debt.  相似文献   
75.
This article investigates the history of land and water transformations in Matadepera, a wealthy suburb of metropolitan Barcelona. Analysis is informed by theories of political ecology and methods of environmental history; although very relevant, these have received relatively little attention within ecological economics. Empirical material includes communications from the City Archives of Matadepera (1919-1979), 17 interviews with locals born between 1913 and 1958, and an exhaustive review of grey historical literature. Existing water histories of Barcelona and its outskirts portray a battle against natural water scarcity, hard won by heroic engineers and politicians acting for the good of the community. Our research in Matadepera tells a very different story. We reveal the production of a highly uneven landscape and waterscape through fierce political and power struggles. The evolution of Matadepera from a small rural village to an elite suburb was anything but spontaneous or peaceful. It was a socio-environmental project well intended by landowning elites and heavily fought by others. The struggle for the control of water went hand in hand with the land and political struggles that culminated - and were violently resolved - in the Spanish Civil War. The displacement of the economic and environmental costs of water use from few to many continues to this day and is constitutive of Matadepera's uneven and unsustainable landscape. By unravelling the relations of power that are inscribed in the urbanization of nature (Swyngedouw, 2004), we question the perceived wisdoms of contemporary water policy debates, particularly the notion of a natural scarcity that merits a technical or economic response. We argue that the water question is fundamentally a political question of environmental justice; it is about negotiating alternative visions of the future and deciding whose visions will be produced.  相似文献   
76.
    
We investigate the labor market effects of immigration in Denmark, Germany and the UK, three countries which are characterized by considerable differences in labor market institutions and welfare states. Institutions such as collective bargaining, minimum wages, employment protection and unemployment benefits affect the way in which wages respond to labor supply shocks, and, hence, the labor market effects of immigration. We employ a wage-setting approach which assumes that wages decline with the unemployment rate, albeit imperfectly. We find that the wage and employment effects of immigration depend on wage flexibility and the composition of the labor supply shock. In Germany immigration involves only moderate wage, but large unemployment effects, since immigrants are concentrated in labor market segments with low wage flexibility. The reverse is true for the UK and Denmark.  相似文献   
77.
We use a non-Bayesian approach to uncertainty, where “ambiguity” is taken into account, in order to analyze the issue of central bank transparency, and we underline that the use of such an approach may greatly change the results. We reconsider a specific argument against transparency found in the literature. We show that, in the presence of ambiguity, the argument can become a case in favor of transparency, which seems more in accordance with some stylized facts. Reduced Knightian uncertainty associated with increased transparency can contribute to making transparency beneficial.  相似文献   
78.
湖南省物流产业与经济协调发展的定量分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
文章以湖南省为例,选取物流货运量、GDP等指标建立时间序列和一元线性回归方程,通过建立Logistic模型,运用计量经济学方法,分析了货运量与区域GDP的相关关系,并揭示了物流业对湖南省区域经济增长的影响,提出了促进物流业发展的对策建议。  相似文献   
79.
    
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80.
伍超明 《经济研究》2004,39(9):36-47
经济虚拟化的发展和货币需求函数的不稳定性 ,使传统货币流通速度公式的前提条件不复存在。本文根据变化发展的客观经济环境重建货币流通速度公式 ,结合货币循环流模型提出货币流通速度的“两分法” :虚拟经济和实体经济货币流通速度。在对我国 1 993— 2 0 0 3年虚拟经济与实体经济关系进行量化分析后发现 ,2 0 0 0年以来两者协调性较差 ,原因在于进出虚拟经济的资金出现大幅波动。对此本文结合我国实际 ,根据新货币流通速度公式设计了一些长短期资金流量监控指标。  相似文献   
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