科技投入、网络特征与生态效率——以中原城市群为例

基于复杂网络研究的视角,以城市群生态效率为研究对象,探讨城市科技投入及网络特征对生态效率的影响。利用30个城市2003—2017年面板数据测度了中原城市群生态效率,基于地理引力模型构建城市群生态关联网络,获取城市个体网络特征指标,并分析城市科技投入和网络特征对生态效率的影响效果。研究发现:①中原城市群生态效率总体呈持续上升趋势,表现出"一体两翼"的空间分布态势;城市生态效率水平个体差异显著,且差距不断扩大。②城市群网络连通性较高,整体网络密度先升后降;郑-焦-洛-新等构成城市群的核心极,接近核心区域的城市生态水平较高;城市个体中心度差异较大。③科技投入、接近中心度对生态效率有显著正向影响,科技投入与接近中心度存在显著的交互作用且呈现正向影响;产业结构和城镇化率也对生态效率有显著的正向影响,而外资利用未表现出显著影响。     

Regional social capital: Embeddedness, innovation networks and regional economic development

Technology is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for regional economic development. Regional innovation networks transform technology into competitiveness of firms and thus contribute to economic development. Intangible assets, such as social capital, decide how effective regional innovation networks function. Differences in regional social capital thus help explain regional differences in economic development. Regional social capital originates from the embeddedness of firms in regional webs of social relations. The norms, values and customs of these networks facilitate collaboration for mutual benefit. As innovation is increasingly a network effort, embeddedness and social capital also help explain how and why networks of innovating companies are successful, as the case study of the Stimulus Cluster Scheme shows.     

社会变迁中的大学生思想教育工作之我见

当今大学生正处在社会深刻变革的重要时期，加强和改进大学生的思想教育工作是关系到二十一世纪国家前途和命运的大事，是社会主义精神文明建设的一项战略任务。针对目前大学生所处的这一新形势，试图从理想信念、心理健康、社会实践与创新、网络化教育等不同方面解决这一问题。     

Agents for diffusion of agricultural innovations for environmental outcomes

In New Zealand, local governments are tasked with both sustainably managing natural resources and supporting adoption of practices and technologies for environmental outcomes. Unfortunately, farmers in New Zealand lack trust in advice on environmental performance provided by local governments. Hence, local governments may seek to partner with others to disseminate information about environmentally friendly practices and technologies to farmers. Empirical evidence indicates that New Zealand farmers are more likely to adopt new practices after seeing them successfully demonstrated; therefore, local government would do well to partner with those who have tried the practices themselves and those with large farmer networks. In this paper, we use unique survey data to identify the characteristics of such “innovators” and “connectors”. We also identify the characteristics of individuals who trust environmental information provided by local governments. We find that sex, age, education level, financial robustness, farm size, and the number of distinct land uses are correlated with both innovativeness and connectedness. However, among these characteristics, only education and financial robustness predict trust in environmental information provided by local governments.     

生态工业园工业共生网络稳定性研究

生态工业园在提高企业的经济效益,减少自然资源的消耗以及保护环境等诸多方面都表现出了传统生产模式所不可比拟的优势,很多国家都在积极的探索其有效的模式。然而,在其发展过程中也暴露了很多问题,工业共生网络的不稳定性问题尤为突出。文章依据循环经济学和工业生态学理论,在研究西方发达国家生态工业园理论和实践的基础上,分析了影响生态工业园中工业共生网络稳定性的因素,重点论述了工业共生网络的组织结构与稳定性的关系。     

一类新的模式识别联想神经网络

本文提出一类可用于模式识别的联想神经网络的综合方法,这类网络结构不受对称联接的限制,网络保证了要求的M类模式的稳定形成,且网络的容量远远超过Hopfield的联想神经网络,网络渐近稳定平衡点的吸引特性使受噪声污染的模式能得以正确恢复,体现了神经网络的非线性滤波性质。文中给出了综合一个这类联想网络计算机模拟以及模式识别的例子。     

Reverse importing and asymmetric trade and FDI: a networks explanation

This paper considers the impact of business and social networks on international trade and FDI. I propose that differences in the strength of network effects across countries can produce asymmetric trade and investment flows that may lead to trade friction. A firm from a country with strong network effects has a cost advantage in selling to buyers from its own country. This advantage results in lower inward FDI, lower total imports but larger volumes of reverse imports into the country with strong network effects. The model’s predictions match observed asymmetric trade and investment flows that sometimes lead to US-Japan trade friction.     

基于复杂系统理论的人口安全系统调控研究

在总结分析人口安全概念以及人口安全系统的复杂系统特性基础上，以复杂系统理论作为人口安全系统研究的认识论和方法论，建立人口安全系统调控的研究框架，并展开人口安全系统调控措施的建议与分析。     

International gatekeepers: How to integrate domestic networks and international relations

This research evaluates how firms develop an intermediary role, connecting their international experience with knowledge provided by the domestic network. These firms act as international gatekeepers, providing valuable knowledge about distant markets to their partners in the domestic network. By adopting a network perspective, we mapped from whom the firms obtain knowledge or the kind of relationship that each firm establishes with other members of the network, disentangling how the gatekeeper can, in fact, integrate international and domestic networks. Empirical evidence indicates that gatekeepers develop a domestic network based on closed relationships with domestic partners that have central positions but are not a real threat for them.