Network configuration,customer centricity,and performance of open business models: A solution provider perspective

While research has shown a positive impact of open business models on value creation, it has remained silent on the configuration of the corresponding partner networks and their effect on performance. Studying three cases of solution providers which involve external service partners for solution delivery, we find that solution customer centricity – the degree to which the focal firm focuses on solution customers in the joint delivery of solutions – moderates the relationship between partner networks and open business model performance. For open business models with low solution customer centricity, a network configuration characterized by many weak ties to service partners leads to superior performance. Conversely, for open business models with high solution customer centricity, few but strong ties to partners lead to superior performance. Based on these findings, three ideal configurations of networks for open business models are derived: the controlled, the joint, and the supported model.     

Social capital of entrepreneurs and small firm performance: A meta-analysis of contextual and methodological moderators

Despite a surge of studies examining the role of social capital in the entrepreneurial process, no quantitative assessments exist of the empirical evidence to date. To resolve seemingly conflicting results, we conducted a meta-analysis of the link between entrepreneurs' personal networks and small firm performance and identify new moderators affecting this relationship. Analyses of 61 independent samples indicated that the social capital–performance link was positive and significant (r_c = .211). Effect sizes of weak ties were smaller than those of structural holes, while network diversity had the largest positive effect on performance. Results also showed that the social capital–performance link depends on the age of small firms, the industry and institutional contexts in which they operate, and on the specific network or performance measures used. Based on these findings, we develop recommendations for future research on the contingent value of social capital for small firms.     

网络风险、知识和声誉与跨网络边界学习关系实证研究

在分析网络内企业如何通过学习实现转型升级的基础上,建立了网络风险、知识和声誉与跨网络学习的关系模型。基于7大网络内179份调研问卷,运用SPSS 统计工具进一步研究了网络风险、知识和声誉与跨网络边界学习的关系及其对组织绩效的影响。研究发现,网络风险和声誉对跨网络组织边界学习有显著影响,而网络知识对跨网络知识边界学习有显著影响。可以看出,在全球化背景下,开展跨网络学习可以突破来自网络有形和无形边界的“锁定”,并帮助组织跨越各种“壁垒”。跨网络学习也在转型升级的宏观战略和微观行动之间搭起了一座桥梁,从而不断实现由低级网络阶段向高级网络阶段的动态演进。     

分布式创新网络知识协同空间:概念、系统模型及研究展望

在全球化和知识经济高速发展背景下,主导或参与分布式创新网络以实现组织内外创新资源的分布式协同,成为企业的必然选择。“分布式创新网络知识协同空间”这一概念有利于从知识管理视角、信息空间的技术范式和分布式创新协同的效能目标来解释及评价分布式创新网络中的知识活动。在对分布式创新、协同创新、知识协同、信息共享空间等理论进行整合梳理的基础上,提出了分布式创新网络知识协同空间的概念,初步构建并分析了其系统构成及运行机制模型,并对相关研究进行了展望。     

社会协同模型指标体系构建及其在创业管理中的应用

社会协同作为复杂科学管理的一种话语尝试,依据系统思维模式,遵循复杂科学管理的“18151”理论体系,创新性地提出了社会协同模型,发展了社会实体等新概念,并把社会实体分为团体、主体、客体、受体和辅体（统称“协同五体”）,与之相对应的为牵动力、能动力、推动力、拉动力和助动力（统称为“协同五力”）。该模型弥补了波特五力分析模型的缺陷,具有定量化分析、操作性较强、方法可移植等优点。以大学生创业管理为应用对象,借助社会协同模型整合创业资源,尝试采用宏微观、定性定量分析的方法实现创业目标,解决大学生创业难题。     

Analysis of a network structure of the foreign currency exchange market

We analyse structure of the world foreign currency exchange (FX) market viewed as a network of interacting currencies. We analyse daily time series of FX data for a set of 63 currencies, including gold, silver and platinum. We group together all the exchange rates with a common base currency and study each group separately. By applying the methods of filtered correlation matrix we identify clusters of closely related currencies. The clusters are formed typically according to the economical and geographical factors. We also study topology of weighted minimal spanning trees for different network representations (i.e., for different base currencies) and find that in a majority of representations the network has a hierarchical scale-free structure. In addition, we analyse the temporal evolution of the network and detect that its structure is not stable over time. A medium-term trend can be identified which affects the USD node by decreasing its centrality. Our analysis shows also an increasing role of euro in the world’s currency market.     

Global networks of clusters of innovation: Accelerating the innovation process

This article presents a framework for understanding new patterns of innovation and commercialization that are most easily observed in Clusters of Innovation (COI) and in the global connections established among them. We define COI as environments that favor the creation and development of high potential entrepreneurial ventures. COI are characterized by heightened mobility of resources (principally people, capital, and information—including intellectual property); increased velocity of business development; and a culture of mobility that leads to an affinity for collaboration, development of durable relationships, and the formation of Networks of Clusters of Innovation (NCOI). These networks are distinct sets of relationships. When the connections progress to the point of mutual dependence and business integration among participating enterprises, such covalent bonds form tightly interrelated business communities, or Super-Clusters of Innovation (Super-COI). In this article, we analyze the characteristics of COI and the nature of the relationships that arise between them to form NCOI and Super-COI. Further, we present an integrated model to better understand the global innovation system.     

Voting in small networks with cross-pressure

We present a model of participation in elections in small networks, in which citizens suffer from cross-pressures if voting against the alternative preferred by some of their social contacts. We analyze how the existence of cross-pressures may shape voting decisions, and so, political outcomes; and how parties may exploit this effect to their interest. We characterize the strong perfect equilibria of the game and show that, in equilibrium, the social network determines which party wins the election. We also show that to dispose of the citizens better connected in the network with the other faction is not a guarantee to win the election.      

Complexity in the telecommunications industry: When integrating infrastructure and services backfires

The emergence of pure Internet-based service providers has put many integrated telecommunications firms - industry incumbents that provide services on their own infrastructure - under massive pressure. While various pure service providers enjoy high performance, the products offered by the incumbents often cannot compete on either price or user experience. Conventional wisdom, however, might suggest the opposite: that coordinating both infrastructure and services might allow the incumbents to reap synergy effects and create superior products. To address this issue, this paper applies a complex systems perspective to the telecommunications industry. It conceptualizes telecommunications firms to be searching for good configurations of interdependent service and infrastructure activities that need to fit together to achieve high-performing product systems. Using a simulation model, the paper shows that integrated operators can indeed take advantage of the interdependencies between the infrastructure and the service domain, resulting in superior product performance. Integrating infrastructure and services, however, can backfire: because learning about both domains and their interdependence requires more time, performance in the short run will be lower than that of pure service providers that can focus on adapting their service-related activities to an infrastructure that is beyond their control. The paper characterizes the conditions under which these effects can arise and concludes with implications for management and policy.     

复杂网络视角下京津冀地区现代制造业竞争态势研究

投入产出表数据描述了区域经济系统中各产品部门间经济技术关联紧密程度,其基本流量表矩阵形式可作为复杂网络邻接矩阵,从而形成有向加权网络。依据投入产出表直接消耗系数矩阵构建京津冀三地及整体产业信息传递网络模型,通过平均资源分配法挖掘产业部门间的资源竞争关系,并构建产业竞争网络模型,引入点权分析京津冀区域现代制造业竞争状态,最终提出促进京津冀现代制造业协同发展的相关建议。