基于轨道交通整体网络的市域铁路线路规划研究

随着我国城市化进程不断推进,市域铁路发展需求不断增加,科学制定市域铁路线路规划,对推进新型城镇化市域铁路发展具有重要意义。在阐述市域铁路线路规划影响因素及结构模式选择的基础上,综合线路选择模型与线网规划模型的特点,建立市域铁路线路规划两阶段联合模型,先通过基于自身建设目标的线路规划模型中所得到较优备选线路集合,再联合基于轨道交通整体网络的线路比选模型的二次筛选,得出一个综合优化的市域铁路线路选择方案。以成德市域铁路线路规划为例,验证线路规划结果,为市域铁路线路规划研究提供借鉴。     

复杂动态环境下产业集群创新中的群体知识协同行为模型构建

在复杂动态环境下,知识协同行为（KCB）是产业集群创新（ICI）活动的有力支撑,构建复杂动态环境下产业集群创新中的群体知识协同行为模型具有重要的理论意义和实践价值。在分析复杂动态环境下产业集群创新与群体知识协同行为耦合规律的基础上,构建了复杂动态环境下产业集群创新中的群体与协同行为模型（CDE I KCBM）。与已有研究相比,该模型不仅可以反映随时间不断变化的动态演化规律,也可反映复杂动态环境下产业集群创新和群体知识协同行为的内在关联本质,有助于揭示二者的循环反馈关系。     

The impact of external forces on cartel network dynamics: Direct research in the diamond industry

This paper describes the impact of external environmental forces on cartel networks. Using a case research approach, this report examines two leading business networks within one industry, over time. The results suggest that (a) bargaining power of intermediaries increases with the advent of new and powerful actors, (b) process activities that cartels previously controlled are being outsourced to new actors sometimes based in developing countries, (c) other actors are acquiring resources once dominated by a cartel, (d) external forces triggered by the illegal diamond trade, such as international regulatory constraints, no longer favour cartels like De Beers, and (e) over time, these and additional environment factors are forcing actors like De Beers who perform rigid process activities to become more flexible. For example, forces are moving cartels which relied previously on hand-picked intermediaries in highly controlled networks to market their products to adopt a flexible market-focused expansion of operations in retail contexts.     

颜色是光的波粒二象性在复频域的映射

本文从光的电磁波谐波时域函数及光子动量公式出发,推导出光色映射复频谱颜色表达式（二维平面函数）。通过公式得出,矢径与光的量子数有关,位相角与光的频率有关。通过分光光度计测量出色光的反（透）射率,经过计算得到复频谱矢端函数,在二维复平面上对矢端函数积分整合,给出表征颜色性能的色相、色强度、亮度、色饱和度及主波长等颜色特征数值,从而为进一步解析颜色奠定基础。     

复杂山区铁路客运站自动选址研究

无备选站址条件下的客运站自动选址是线站协同优化的前提和基础,而不局限于车站选址的代价最小化,同时考虑连接车站间区间线路的代价具有重要意义。构建复杂山区铁路客运站自动选址模型,首先,建立综合地理信息模型,基于线站一体化的设计理念,实现单个车站选址,确定站心位置及站坪方向;其次,以公路线形优化模型的改进算法完成站—站间自动选线设计;最后,将车站选址代价与区间线路代价紧密结合起来,计算综合代价,实现站址方案的优选。以山区铁路为例对该方法进行验证,结果表明,该方法能高效生成山区铁路车站方案集,并辅助设计人员进行方案优化。     

基于卷积神经网络的列车检测算法研究

列车检测作为列车自动驾驶的核心技术,可以有效地降低列车追尾等事故造成的人身危险和财产损失。为实现精准的列车检测,选用改进的卷积神经网络(PVANET)对输入图像进行特征提取,在此基础上,采用候选区域网络,从生成的特征图里滑动搜索,判断出图像中可能为列车的区域位置,并进一步采用快速区域卷积神经网络对每个候选区域进行分类,计算出其所属类别的置信度,同时精确定位列车。经验证,该方法适应范围广、鲁棒性高,可以有效地检测不同环境光强及不同朝向的列车,保障列车安全,为列车自动驾驶及辅助驾驶提供安全保障。     

圈层经济视阈下区域空间布局优化实证研究

优化空间布局对推动区域健康发展、加快京津冀协同发展进程具有重要的战略意义,而圈层经济理论为优化空间布局提供了新的研究视角。鉴于此,运用ESDA方法和区域复杂网络模型,以河北省为实证对象,分析了区域间布局结构及其联系强度,对网络结构特征度量值进行了聚类分析。研究发现,区域发展过程中存在一定程度的“马太效应”,区域网络呈现出无标度的“择优增长”特征,空间布局亟待优化;石家庄和唐山在区域复杂网络中具有良好的资源控制能力和重要地位,河北省可以优化为三大经济圈层,即环京津经济圈、冀中南经济圈和冀西北经济圈。     

The Governance of Networks and Economic Power: The Nature and Impact of Subcontracting Relationships

Abstract.  Current debate on networking focuses on network structures and firm strategies. In this perspective, theoretical analysis has been concerned with allocative issues. This essay proposes a different interpretation. Starting from the existing theoretical framework, we emphasise the nature and the implications of different types of networks with respect to socio‐economic development from a distributional point of view. Within this context, we develop the analysis of subcontracting starting from the concept of economic power. We then provide an analysis of governance in production by considering the attitudes and the nature of the actors involved. The externalisation of activities by large transnationals, which characterises current corporate restructuring, is often related to the search for greater flexibility, but also for greater power over governments, labour, and subcontractors. Differently, networks based on the mutual dependence of actors, which are not necessarily built around a large firm, could – under particular conditions – reach large production scales or more complex scopes without breaking the links with territorial systems, thus including local objectives in the strategic decision‐making process. Our conclusion is that the impact of subcontracting networks varies enormously. This is crucial to an understanding of future trends and possibilities. Not least, firms and public policy agencies need to understand the implications of different forms of subcontracting network and how those forms actually differ in practice.     

复杂技术网络化布局三维风险及其规避策略研究

复杂技术如同一个多元技术网络系统,其网络化布局存在潜在的横向风险、纵向风险及结构风险。对应三维度风险分析,从网络合作规则设计、技术网络治理与技术网络资金支撑体系构建以及产权制度创新3个方面,提出了应对复杂技术网络化布局风险的规避策略与制度设计,对了解我国复杂技术创新网络以及加强网络风险治理具有一定的借鉴意义。