财务契约与公司治理

公司治理问题是国内外普遍存在的问题,本文在吸收前人研究成果的基础上,援引利益相关者“共同治理“的思想,并结合契约理论,从参与企业各个主体的契约出发,分析了公司治理中存在的问题,利用博弈论方法结合实际情况,试图设计较为合理的公司治理机制,以解决我国资本市场、信贷市场等存在的问题。     

Modelling Risk Perceptions of Stakeholders in Public–Private Partnership Toll Road Contracts

This paper investigates the risk perceptions of key stakeholder groups typically involved in public–private partnership (PPP) toll roads. Risk perceptions have an important impact on these PPP schemes for investing in public infrastructure. However, the nature and extent of risk associated with the specification of a PPP contract that commits contracting parties to deliver on their obligations remain unclear. In the context of major transport infrastructure, such as a new toll road, the often‐cited key risk to investors is the traffic (and hence demand) risk. There are, however, other risks, including political risk and media risk, the latter often causing untold harm resulting in modifications to the planned infrastructure. This paper develops a method to capture evidence on how public sector and private sector partners involved in previous PPPs perceive the levels of risk associated with each risk attribute, as a way of identifying the ex ante risk setting brought to negotiations in PPP toll road investments. Using a sample of 101 experts with contract experience in 32 countries, we develop a stated choice experiment and estimate a discrete choice model to quantify a risk profile index (RPI) to capture the perceived (relative) influence of each dimension of risk, and then identify sources of systematic differences in the RPI as a way of understanding the influence of personal traits and contextual and contractual factors.     

无固定期限劳动合同的一个疑难问题研究

《劳动合同法》把“连续两次订立固定期限劳动合同,续订劳动合同的”作为劳动者要求与用人单位签订无固定期限劳动合同的条件之一,学者对此多有误读,必须予以纠正;此项法律规定本身也不完善,建议修改为“连续三次订立固定期限劳动合同的”。     

从网络点击合同效力分析看消费者权益法律保护

网络点击合同的效力不等同于传统格式合同效力,从主体缔约能力的确定、意思表示的真实性、电子格式条款的效力判定分析有助于维护消费者权益,实现网上交易的公平。设立网店实名制度和撤销权制度等配套制度、规制网络点击合同电子格式条款是网络消费者权益保护的法律应对措施。     

论合同解除的溯及力

合同解除的溯及力是合同解除制度中的一个重要问题，也是理论和司法实践中极富争议的一个问题。在合同解除的溯及力学说中，直接效力说、间接效力说等学说无法解决合同解除后恢复原状与损害赔偿并存的理论困境。清算说则可以避免这种矛盾，在理论上解决了恢复原状请求权与损害赔偿请求权难以并存的难题。我国未来合同法的发展应注意借鉴清算说，从而完善我国的合同解除制度。     

Heterogeneous Risk Preferences,Discount Rates and Land Contract Choice in Ethiopia

This paper analyses the role of risk and rate of time preference in the choice of land contracts. The analysis builds on the risk‐sharing and imperfect market explanations of contract choice. Unique data from Ethiopia, which contain land contract information and experimental risk and rate of time preference measures on matched landlord–tenant partners, are employed in the empirical analysis. The results show that landlord and tenant time preferences are significant determinants of contract choice. For landlords (but not tenants), risk preference is also significant, indicating the importance of financial constraints and production risk in the determination of contract choice. The results are of particular relevance to land market policy in Ethiopia, where production is risk‐prone, financial markets are imperfect, and where there is a major need for the development of vibrant land rental markets.     

论财产保险合同的转让——兼评我国新《保险法》第49条

财产流转在现代社会中十分频繁,财产保险作为流转安全之保障如果不能随财产流转,就会产生很多问题。现实生活中,因财产保险合同转让产生的纠纷众多。本文由案例所涉及的问题,论述了保险利益对财产保险合同转让的影响;在此基础上,对我国新《保险法》中关于财产保险合同转让的规定进行了评析,并对其中的不足提出了一些完善的建议。     

不完全契约在民营企业财务管理中的应用

民营企业在产权、融资、分配以及信息方面存在的问题是阻碍企业发展的瓶颈,明晰产权、建立完善的内部控制制度,完善信用担保体系、管理信息化等措施,对降低契约不完全性具有一定的指导意义.     

Contractual arrangements between farmer cooperatives and buyers in China

The agrofood market in China is dominated by spot market exchanges of small farmers and various small traders, with only minor penetration of the modern supply chain at the farmgate. The emerging Farmer Professional Cooperatives (FPCs) are expected to facilitate vertical coordination. The overall goal of this study is to investigate the contractual arrangements between the FPCs and the buyers. Based on a national representative survey of 157 FPCs in China, this study shows that 32% of FPCs introduced written contracts in the primary marketing channel. Contracts are more likely to be adopted in the livestock sector and are positively related to the scale of production. While branding promotes contracts between FPCs and buyers, public certification of quality and food safety often substitutes for contracts. Furthermore, the membership heterogeneity of FPCs affects an FPC’s decision to use contractual arrangements with the buyer.     

The impact of trust and contract on innovation performance: The moderating role of environmental uncertainty

Research into two important control mechanisms for managing the supply chain relationship - contracts and trust - is on the rise. However, our understanding of how they influence innovation in a firm remains rather unclear. Thus, the primary objective of this study is to examine the individual and interactive effects of contracts and trust on firms' innovation performance and the contingent effects of environmental uncertainty on those relationships in China. The empirical results from a survey of Chinese manufacturing firms indicate that there is a positive relationship between trust and firms' innovation performance, an inverted U-shaped relationship between the use of contracts and firms' innovation performance, and that contracts and trust are substitutes. Moreover, we find that environmental uncertainty enhances the effects of trust, but does not influence the impact of contracts on innovation performance.