山东高校科技成果转化现状与对策

本文通过对山东高校“八五”期间科技成果转化状况的调查分析，指出了来自工厂企业、学校内部以及宏观管理体制三个方面的制约因素，并密切联系科技经济发展的需要，提出了进一步加强和改善高校科技成果转化工作的对策建议。     

从价格传导机制看通货膨胀的现实性

当前的价格传导机制出现了一定的变异，表现为传导的受阻。本文从这个角度分析了当前价格传导受阻的事实，并指出了通涨的现实性问题。     

The Effectiveness of Capital Controls: Theory and Evidence from Chile

Selective capital controls tax only some components of capital flows. One of the rationales for such controls is that they increase the scope for an independent monetary policy, without taxing foreign direct investment and other long term flows. The first part of this paper offers a new framework to evaluate how selective capital controls might increase monetary autonomy, which considers two types of capital flows that coexist: the taxed and exempt flows. It is found that under free floating selective controls increase monetary autonomy, in the sense of allowing the authorities to set the path of the nominal exchange rate. But under predetermined exchange rate rules, the contribution of selective controls to monetary autonomy depends of the ability to reduce total inflows, which is an empirical matter. The second part describes the Chilean unremunerated reserve requirement (URR), a selective control introduced in June 1991 on a permanent basis, in a setting of predetermined exchange rates. This control collected substantial revenue, proving that it was relevant. An econometric model with data for 1987–1996 finds that substitution from the exempt short-term flows compensated reductions in taxed short-term flows, so the Chilean URR did not discourage total net short-term credit inflows to the private sector. This implies that the Chilean URR failed to contribute to monetary autonomy.     

不对称信息下企业集团财务控制与激励机制研究

文章从不对称信息角度出发,运用信息经济学和博弈论相关理论,通过建立企业集团财务控制-激励机制模型,研究集团母公司如何设计有效的报酬合同以及如何在该合同中能同时体现母公司对子公司经营者的财务控制和激励机制的问题,以克服子公司经营者"道德风险",最终实现企业集团财务价值最大化.     

退耕还林工程生态效益监测探讨

生态效益监测是评价退耕还林工程实施成效的重要组成部分。文章描述了退耕还林工程生态效益监测的现状,给出了退耕还林工程生态效益监测的一些初步成果,分析了效益监测中存在的监测站点少、监测体系不健全、监测经费严重不足、技术含量不高等问题,提出了构建监测体系、规范监测方法、加大资金投入、实现数据共享等对策建议。     

2008年退耕还林农户社会经济效益监测报告

文章以1998～2008年全国100个退耕还林县的1165户退耕农户监测数据为基础,反映了延长期退耕补助政策落实和金融危机对退耕农户外出务工等情况,深入分析了10年退耕还林政策对农户的微观影响。研究结果表明:退耕还林政策对农户生计产生深刻影响,陡坡耕种大幅度减少,退耕补助显著增加农户收入,巩固退耕还林成果、增加农户收入面临农业直补等新挑战,国家应明确退耕还林在国家生态战略中的定位,实现农户增收与生态保护的长期双赢。     

农户参与退耕还林行为影响因素的实证分析?--基于朝阳市和彰武县地区的调查

利用朝阳市和彰武县154份农户调查数据,使用二元Logistic模型采用正向纳入逐步回归方法,分析农户参与退耕还林行为的影响因素。通过Logistic模型在5％的显著水平上做变量剔除,研究表明：显著影响农户参与退耕还林行为影响因素主要有6个,分别是农户年龄、家庭经营林地面积、林龄结构、是否有林业收入、是否有林权证和机械化程度。农户年龄越大,参与退耕还林的概率逐渐降低;林地面积越大,农户参与退耕还林的概率越大;合理的林龄结构有利于增强农户参与退耕还林的概率;保障并增加农户林业收入,利于扭转林业收入的负作用;农户拥有林权证,可以扩大农户参与退耕还林的概率;机械化程度的提高可以更好地使农户参与到退耕还林中。     

能源投资折算系数测算研究———基于北京市 280 家企业的调研数据

目前各界对能源投资的概念尚未界定清楚,且能源投资情况复杂造成能源投资数据难以从投资总额中剥离,现有的能源投资统计数据遗漏了部分新能源及非能源特征行业投资中的绝大部分能源投资,故无法全面客观地反映能源投资的真实情况。本文在明确能源投资涵义的基础上,以北京市为例,通过抽样调查获取北京市280家企业2011年固定资产投资项目中的能源投资数据,据此计算得到不同类别项目的能源投资折算系数,进而测算北京市2011年能源投资规模,并与现有统计口径下的能源投资统计数据进行对比分析。研究发现,现有能源投资数据中遗漏的能源投资主要集中在消费领域,且遗漏的能源规模约为现有统计口径能源投资规模的1．2倍。基于此,本文提出应使用合理的折算系数推算能源投资规模;按照由易至难、由短期至长期的顺序依次建立能源投资汇总制度、能源投资统计报表制度和能源投资统计定报制度,以确保能源投资数据的来源;科学认识消费领域能源投资的重要地位,在制定能源发展策略及能源投资规划时要充分考虑用户端的用能需求和用能标准的变化等建议。     

Entry controls in taxi regulation: Implications of US and Canadian experience for taxi regulation and deregulation

This paper assesses the effects of entry regulation and deregulation on taxicab availability and service quality based on the experiences of 43 cities and counties in the United States and Canada. The analysis shows that entry controls have quite different impacts in the two basic markets served by taxicabs: the telephone order (dispatch) market and the cab stand/street hail market. Without entry controls, the cab stand and street hail market experiences an oversupply of cabs, leading to deterioration of vehicle and driver quality. Applied to the dispatch market, however, entry restrictions often lead to deficiencies in taxicab availability. The paper reviews the effectiveness of regulatory approaches for each market and for cities with substantial trip volumes in both markets. Approaches include two-tier systems, flexible forms of entry control, company-level entry qualifications, geographic restrictions and service requirements. These approaches and implications for regulation are discussed.     

Portfolio of controls in outsourcing relationships for global new product development

Due to increasing globalization and technological discontinuities, firms strive to develop new product capabilities and flexibilities by engaging in outsourcing activities and adopting modular systems. However, these strategies contain risks of opportunistic expropriation of tacit knowledge and costs related to monitoring sourcing partners who are geographically and culturally distant. This study examines the antecedents of control mechanisms through which firms manage the risks and costs associated with outsourcing relationships in global technology-intensive markets. Modularity in design is hypothesized as a moderator of model relationships because it can serve as a substitute for formal or informal controls in a “controls portfolio”.