Monitoring by the financial press and forced CEO turnover

This paper examines Wall Street Journal news stories about 79 firms that forced CEO turnover and a matched sample of firms that did not force CEO turnover. In the two years prior to turnover, firms in the forced-turnover sample were the subjects of 76% more news stories about poor firm performance despite being from the same industry, of similar size, and similar performance as a sample of matched firms. Overall, the evidence suggests that scrutiny of poor firm performance by the financial press increases the likelihood of forced CEO turnover.     

Web‐Based Disclosure About Value Creation Processes: A Monitoring Perspective

Adopting a monitoring perspective, this study aims to explain how and why firms provide web‐based disclosure about their value creation and its underlying processes. We rely on the balanced scoreboard approach to measure disclosure. Our results suggest that costs incurred by capital markets' participants as well as monitoring by the board and the media drive disclosure. Moreover, we argue and document that a firm's disclosure is actually a part of its governance configuration and influences some board processes.     

Debt,diversification and earnings management

In this article we use panel-estimation techniques to calculate discretionary accruals (DAC) and to produce a better understanding of the nature of the relation between debt and earnings management. Consistent with the transparency hypothesis (which suggests that diversification increases the complexity of firms’ activities and reduces their transparency to outsiders), we find that for less-diversified (more transparent) firms, debt reduces positive discretionary accruals, whereas in relatively more-diversified (less transparent) firms the impact of debt becomes positive. Our paper shows that marginal increases in debt provide the incentives for managers to manipulate earnings, and diversification provides the needed context for this accounting practice to be possible. We have also found that only in the sub-sample of aggressive firms, those that manage discretionary accruals with enough magnitude to increase income, do lenders exert their control. Some firms, however, take advantage of diversification to avoid this control. Our findings are robust to several earnings-management measures and methodologies.     

The impact of corporate social disclosure on investment behavior: A cross-national study

We examine the impact of corporate social disclosure (CSD) on investment behavior in the US, Japan, France, and Sweden using stakeholder theory as the underlying framework for our analysis. We find that there is a significant difference in investors’ reactions to CSD across countries. Using a unique stakeholder scale we also find that these reactions are related to the investors’ stakeholder orientation. These findings provide insight into cross-national differences in the perceived relevance of CSD to investors.     

The Sarbanes-Oxley act and corporate investment: A structural assessment

We assess the impact of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 on corporate investment in an investment Euler equation framework. We allow a dummy for the passage of the Act to affect the rate at which managers discount future investment payoffs. Using generalized method of moments estimators, we find that the rate U.S. firm managers apply to discount investment projects rises significantly after 2002, while the discount rate for U.K. firms remains unchanged. The effects of the legislation on corporate investment are asymmetric, and are much more significant among relatively small firms. We also find that well-governed firms, firms with a credit rating, and accelerated filers of Section 404 of the Act have become more cautious about investment.     

机构共同持股与公司透明度

随着我国资本市场的发展,监管机构和市场投资者对上市公司信息披露的质量提出更高要求,而作为重要的利益相关者,共同机构投资者连结企业之间的经济关联在资本市场中越来越常见,探讨机构共同持股对公司透明度的影响对于完善和发展我国证券市场具有深刻意义。本文以2007-2019年A股上市公司为研究样本,考察机构共同持股对公司透明度的影响。实证结果表明,机构共同持股能够显著提高公司透明度。同时,进一步研究发现,机构共同持股通过减少恶性竞争、降低披露的专有成本和缓解代理问题,降低代理成本这两条路径提高公司透明度。在国有企业、创新型企业中,机构共同持股更能提高公司透明度。本文结论为推进股票发行注册制,进一步完善以信息披露为核心的制度体系提供了理论指导,为资本市场信息环境的改善提供了理论支持。     

股权结构、治理机制与城市银行绩效--来自山东、河南两省的调查证据

银行体系的重要地位和银行危机的频繁发生显示了加强银行公司治理的重要性 ,在我国银行体制改革的背景下 ,研究商业银行公司治理问题具有重要的现实意义。本文利用山东、河南两省 2 8家城市银行的调查样本对我国地方商业银行的股权结构、治理机制及其效果进行了实证分析。结果发现 ,虽然我国地方性银行国有和集中的股权结构特征明显 ,但大股东的国有性质并没有对银行绩效产生影响 ,同时集中型股权结构对银行绩效有明显的积极影响。银行高管人员薪酬有较明显的负激励效果。此外我们还发现 ,外部董事比例和银行规模基本没有对银行绩效产生影响 ,而且山东、河南两省城市银行在公司治理方面也不存在省际间的显著差异。     

西方产业组织理论的演化与新发展

本文对西方产业组织理论的演化和发展作了总结性概括 ,对各个时期不同学派的理论观点和政策主张进行了归纳和比较 ,并努力揭示它们之间存在的联系和差异。此外 ,文章还对 2 0世纪 80年代以来该领域内发生的新变化进行了评述。通过以上的各项研究和分析 ,本文意在表明 :认真研究西方产业组织理论的发展和演化过程 ,有利于我们用客观、科学的态度来看待这一学科 ,并正确地借鉴它来为我国的社会主义市场经济建设服务     

从返乡到创业——互联网接入对农民工决策影响的实证分析

基于全国农村固定跟踪观察点2009-2013年的数据，文章实证检验了互联网接入与返乡农民工创业之间的关系，并从社会资本和人力资本两条路径探讨了互联网接入对返乡农民工创业的作用机制。研究发现：返乡农民工的创业意愿很低，返乡农民工中平均只有2.30%选择创业。互联网接入会显著促进返乡农民工创业，具体而言，互联网的接入概率每增加1个百分点，返乡农民工的创业概率提升0.036%。相对于东部地区的返乡农民工而言，互联网接入会显著促进西部的返乡农民工进行创业，而对中部和东北地区的返乡农民工则不存在显著的影响。机制分析结果显示，返乡农民工会通过互联网感知新的知识技能，提升人力资本而促进创业。文章主要结论在使用工具变量的稳健性分析中没有变化。因此，鼓励已返乡农民工创业，特别是强化技能培训以更好地发挥互联网对返乡农民工创业的促进作用，对成功实施乡村振兴战略至关重要。     

控股股东股权质押对企业创新方向的影响——股权制衡与企业可视性的调节作用

控股股东股权质押是中国资本市场中的一种普遍现象,虽然学者们围绕控股股东股权质押对企业创新的影响已经展开了诸多探讨,但鲜有研究关注控股股东股权质押与企业创新方向之间的逻辑关系。以中国2003-2017年A股上市公司为研究对象,从突破式创新和渐进式创新视角,探究控股股东股权质押与企业创新方向之间的逻辑关系,并进一步考察企业股权制衡和企业可视性在其间的调节作用。实证结果显示：控股股东股权质押会抑制企业突破式创新,但不会对企业渐进式创新产生显著影响;随着股权制衡不断增加,控股股东股权质押对企业突破式创新的抑制作用先增强、后削弱,即股权制衡在控股股东股权质押与企业突破式创新之间起着U型调节作用;企业可视性会削弱控股股东股权质押对企业突破式创新的抑制作用。结论有助于更加辩证地认识股权质押的创新后果,对促进企业创新和完善公司治理机制亦具有启示意义。