Accessing capital markets: Aristocrats and new share issues in the British bicycle boom of the 1890s

The article reconsiders the mid-1890s boom in which a large number of firms in the bicycle, pneumatic tyre and related industries were floated. It investigates why so many of these issues featured aristocratic directors in their prospectuses and finds that they represented social connections that were a necessary condition for regional industrial firms to gain a London listing. The case shows that the role and value of these directors was to access capital markets and financial resources, as opposed to a temporary aberration designed to inflate share prices and mislead investors.     

铁路局集团公司技术规章管理综合评价研究

为进一步优化铁路技术规章管理工作,提升铁路技术规章管理质量,应加快构建科学合理的技术规章管理评价机制。通过引入全生命周期理论,对铁路局集团公司技术规章全生命周期进行界定,选用AHP法构建技术规章评价体系,通过明确指标选定原则、构建技术规章管理模糊综合评价数学模型,提出各项评价指标的权重,并检验其一致性;根据技术规章评价结果,明晰铁路局集团公司可以通过加强技术规章生命周期各阶段管理、全面分析技术规章需求、完备技术规章审查材料、完善技术规章修订周期、建立技术规章反馈机制等策略,进一步提升铁路局集团公司技术规章管理水平。     

The revitalization of a heritage travel route: Canada’s Cabot Trail

ABSTRACT

Scenic travel routes have been developed to provide opportunities for tourism and recreation and to promote economic development especially in rural areas. However, maintaining an iconic attraction requires a collaborative destination management effort to keep it viable. The Cabot Trail, Nova Scotia, Canada is used in this paper as a case study for a scenic heritage route revitalization process. The Tourism Area Life Cycle model stages are used to illustrate the tourism development and decline on the Cabot Trail. This paper is a detailed documentation and analysis of the impact of a not-for-profit volunteer organization’s efforts to revitalize the Cabot Trail, through collaboration with local businesses, community groups and various levels of government and funding agencies. It draws upon the drive tourism, heritage trails and tourism revitalization literature. It fills a gap in the knowledge on heritage trails by illustrating a revitalization process that could be repeated in other areas experiencing similar issues.     

新一轮经济周期的背景特点

20 0 3年内 ,关于我国经济增长是否过热的争论一直热烈地进行着。本文指出 ,产生这一争论的主要原因在于 ,我国经济运行的条件已经发生了一系列深刻的变化 ,而这些变化对于经济周期波动的含义 ,各方看法不一。由此出发 ,本文分析了我国新一轮经济周期的背景条件所具有的四大特点 ,以便于更好地把握经济形势、加强和改善宏观调控     

性别、生命周期与家庭内部健康投资--中国农户就诊的经验证据

本文使用来自中国 8省农户的数据 ,从家庭内部资源分配框架出发对处于不同性别、生命周期的家庭成员的健康投资进行经验研究。在控制了测量偏误和选择偏误的前提下 ,通过经济计量模型发现 ,在两周就诊概率和费用方面 ,处于生育期和抚育的女性往往在健康投资上获得优先地位。这个结论拓展了已有的家庭内部成员人力资本投资的研究成果 ,揭示出家庭人力资源投资导向必须同时考虑市场和非市场的经济机会 ,尤其是女性在抚育后代方面的比较优势 ,对于女性的健康投资至关重要     

台湾产业外移与"产业空洞化"问题探讨

本文认为应根据不同阶段产业外移遵从的理论依据及与台湾经济结构转型升级的关系来探讨“产业空洞化”问题。亚洲金融危机后，台湾高科技产业大量外移，其理论基础是供应链管理模式。高科技产业外移存在“新产业空洞化”的隐忧，但产业外移不等于“产业空洞化”。     

寿险公司业务增长方式选择：基于企业生命周期理论

本文用代表营销能力变化的首年保费增速作为衡量寿险公司生命周期的变量,证明了对于寿险公司来说,趸缴和期缴两种业务增长方式的相对优势随企业生命周期变化而转变。本文认为国内保险市场未来发展空间较广阔,寿险公司应当从本公司的实际情况出发,同等重视期缴和趸缴两种保费增长方式,按照市场需求开展业务,并积极探索营销管理体制和营销方式创新,不断提升营销能力以延续或重启企业生命周期。     

国际金融危机背景下的中国经济

当前,中国经济面临的问题是自身结构调整、经济周期波动与国际金融危机的迭加。中国经济要走出困境,应立足于自身问题,将重点放在"调结构、扩内需、促改革"上。     

Does distributed leadership have a place in destination management organisations? A policy-makers perspective

Within an increasingly networked environment and recent transitions in the landscape of funding for destination management organisations (DMOs) and destinations, pooling knowledge and resources may well be seen as a prerequisite to ensuring the long-term sustainability of reshaped, yet financially constrained DMOs facing severe challenges to deliver value to destinations, visitors and member organisations. Distributed Leadership (DL) is a recent paradigm gaining momentum in destination research as a promising response to these challenges. Building on the scarce literature on DL in a DMO context, this paper provides a policy-makers’ perspective into the place of DL in reshaped DMOs and DMOs undergoing transformation and explores current challenges and opportunities to the enactment and practice of DL. The underpinned investigation used in-depth, semi-structured interviews with policy-makers from VisitEngland following an interview agenda based on the DMO Leadership Cycle. Policy-makers within VisitEngland saw a multitude of opportunities for DMOs with regards to DL, but equally, they emphasised challenges acting as barriers to realising the potential benefits of introducing a DL model to DMOs as a response to uncertainty in the funding landscape.     

我国经济周期波动的非对称性和持续性研究

本文利用1979年至2004年之间中国GDP季度数据,采用三区制马尔可夫均值和方差转移的二阶自回归(MSMV(3)-AR(2))模型和贝叶斯Gibbs抽样非参数估计方法,对我国经济周期波动的非对称性和持续性进行了实证分析。实证结果表明,MSMV(3)-AR(2)模型对我国经济状况提供了很好的拟合,显著支持增长率序列具有三区制状态:低速增长阶段,适速增长阶段和高速增长阶段。我国经济周期的非对称性主要体现在各个增长阶段的均值、方差、阶段性之间的转移概率的不同。我国经济周期的持续性主要体现在各个增长阶段的自维持概率和阶段性之间的转移概率的不同。此外,我国经济"适速增长阶段"的稳定性最高,"高速增长阶段"的平均持续期最长。