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981.
Mario Coccia 《Technology Analysis & Strategic Management》2014,26(7):733-749
The thesis of this study is that the convergence of genetics, genomics and proteomics spurs new technological paradigms in medicine, which are generating a R&D corporate change: division of scientific labour of the drug discovery process by strategic alliances among firms in order to reinforce the integrative capabilities in different biomedical research fields and collective and cumulative learning between in-house R&D and external sources of innovation. This study shows, by key a case study of pharmaceutical companies, as scientific and technological paradigms in medicine are main drivers of industrial and R&D corporate change to enhance and accelerate the discovery process of ground-breaking drugs for more and more personalised healthcare. 相似文献
982.
Sylvie Lambert Martin Ravallion Dominique van de Walle 《Oxford bulletin of economics and statistics》2010,72(2):119-145
We show how differences in aggregate human development outcomes over time and space can be additively decomposed into a pure mean income (growth) component, a component attributed to differences in the distribution of income, and components attributed to ‘non‐income’ factors and differences in the model linking outcomes to income and non‐income characteristics. The income effect at the micro level is modelled non‐parametrically, so as to flexibly reflect potentially complex distributional changes. Our proposed method is illustrated using data for Morocco and Vietnam, and the results offer some surprising insights into the observed aggregate gains in schooling attainments. 相似文献
983.
In this paper we test the existence of forward‐looking behaviour in a multivariate model for alcohol and tobacco consumption. The theoretical framework, based on a dynamic adjustment cost model with forward‐looking behaviour, is enhanced to include the intertemporal interactions between the two goods. The analysis of the within‐period preferences completes the intertemporal model, allowing to evaluate the static substitutability/complementarity relationships. The empirical strategy consists in a two‐step estimation procedure. In a first stage, we obtain the parameters of the demand system, while in a second stage Euler equations are estimated. Results, based on a cohort data set constructed from a series of cross‐sections of the Italian Household Budget Survey, reveal a significant complementarity relationship between alcohol and tobacco. Estimation of the Euler equations does not lead to rejection of the hypothesis of intertemporal dependence, providing evidence for a forward‐looking behaviour in alcohol and tobacco consumption. Moreover, we find significant intertemporal interactions that support the adjustment cost setting in a multivariate model with rational expectations. 相似文献
984.
Ariadna Dumitrescu 《European Financial Management》2010,16(4):599-623
In this paper I explore some of the consequences of greater market transparency for market performance in the presence of a strategic specialist. Although numerous studies have dealt with this issue, previous work has only considered either fully transparent or fully opaque markets. My model allows for different levels of transparency, and therefore sheds light on how transparency affects market performance. I show that an intermediate level of transparency can improve market performance relative to the more extreme cases of full transparency or no transparency at all. 相似文献
985.
为了更加有效地适应市场需要和经济发展要求,使企业更好地立足于石油这个重要以及长期的市场,实现标准化的驻厂监造管理和服务显的尤为重要。 相似文献
986.
Bertrand supergames with non‐binding communication are used to study price formation and stability of collusive agreements on experimental duopoly markets. The experimental design consists of three treatments with different costs of communication: zero‐cost, low‐cost and high‐cost. Prices are found to be significantly higher when communication is costly. Moreover, costly communication decreases the number of messages, but more importantly, it enhances the stability of collusive agreements. McCutcheon (1997) presents an interesting application to antitrust policy by letting the cost of communication symbolize the presence of an antitrust law that prohibits firms from discussing prices. Although our experimental results do not support the mechanism of McCutcheon's (1997) argument, the findings point in the direction of her prediction that antitrust laws might work in the interest of firms. 相似文献
987.
Philippe Jehiel 《Journal of Economic Theory》2007,134(1):494-512
We study multi-object auctions where agents have private and additive valuations for heterogeneous objects. We focus on the revenue properties of a class of dominant strategy mechanisms where a weight is assigned to each partition of objects. The weights influence the probability with which partitions are chosen in the mechanism. This class contains efficient auctions, pure bundling auctions, mixed bundling auctions, auctions with reserve prices and auctions with pre-packaged bundles. For any number of objects and bidders, both the pure bundling auction and separate, efficient auctions for the single objects are revenue-inferior to an auction that involves mixed bundling. 相似文献
988.
Kjell Arne Brekke Karine Nyborg Mari Rege 《The Scandinavian journal of economics》2007,109(3):531-550
To secure their membership in a popular group, individuals may contribute more to the group's local public good than they would if group formation were exogenous. Those in the most unpopular group do not have this incentive to contribute. This may result in substantial differences in individual effort level between groups. Our model thus provides one explanation for the existence of group‐specific behavioral norms. A principal will prefer exogenous or endogenous group formation depending on whether he prefers high or low levels of the local public good. We analyze two stylized examples: social interaction in schools, and multiple‐task teamwork. 相似文献
989.
本文以我国运动鞋服制造业企业联盟为研究对象,就非对称竞争对联盟成员机会主义倾向的影响这一新的研究领域进行了实证研究,证实了联盟成员间非对称竞争对成员企业的机会主义倾向会产生显著的影响。同时,本研究从竞争行为和竞争意向两个层面上对非对称竞争进行分析,结果表明,相对于行为层面,非对称竞争意向会对成员企业机会主义倾向产生更为显著的强化作用。本研究的相关结论对于进一步的研究与企业管理实践均有一定价值。 相似文献
990.
Ping Lin 《Journal of Economics》2007,91(3):245-262
Relative to single-product firms, a multiproduct monopolist can internalize the negative externalities of its R&D investments
(the ``cannibalization effect') in two ways: (1) To lower R&D investment for each product; and (2) To delete some of its
product lines so as to enlarge the market size for the remaining lines. It is shown that line deletion is profitable if products
are close substitutes. If products are not close substitutes, the multiproduct monopolist keeps all product lines and invests
less in cost-reducing R&D than single-product firms engaging in Cournot competition with product differentiation. However,
it invests more in R&D than single-product firms if there are significant economies of scope in R&D, or if the oligopolistic
firms can cooperate in their R&D decisions.
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