Choosing the right target: Relative preferences for resource similarity and complementarity in acquisition choice

Research summary : Corporate acquisition is a popular strategic option for firms seeking new resources. However, little research exists on the question of why one firm is chosen over another. We develop a model relating characteristics of similarity and complementarity between acquirers' and target firms' key resources, including their products and R&D pipelines, to the likelihood of the acquirers choosing a particular firm. We construct measures of similarity and complementarity between and across products and R&D pipelines, and test their effects using a novel application of the choice model. Findings reveal that acquirers view similarity and complementarity differently, based on the resource they are comparing. When making comparisons to their own R&D pipelines, acquirers prefer similarity over complementarity whereas when making comparisons to their product portfolios, they prefer complementarity over similarity. Managerial summary : Corporate acquisition is a popular way for firms to grow and obtain innovative resources. However, we know little about why acquirers choose one firm over another. We capture the influence of similarity and complementarity between acquirers' and target firms' products (current innovative value) and R&D pipelines (future innovative value) on whether a particular target firm is acquired. Insights from the pharmaceutical industry reveal that acquirers value similarity and complementarity in target firms differently, based on whether the comparison being made is with respect to their products or their R&D pipelines. Regarding their R&D pipelines, acquirers prefer that the target firm has similar, rather than complementary, resources. However, the opposite is true concerning their own products: acquirers prefer that the target firm has complementary, versus similar, resources. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Why Do Western European Firms Issue Convertibles Instead of Straight Debt or Equity?

Unlike their US counterparts, European convertible debt issuers tend to be large companies with small debt‐ and equity‐related financing costs. Therefore, it is puzzling why these firms issue convertibles instead of standard financing instruments. This paper examines European convertible debt issuer motivations by estimating a security choice model that incorporates convertibles, straight debt, and equity. We find that European convertibles are used as sweetened debt, not as delayed equity. This motivation is reflected in the debt‐like design of most European convertible issues.     

可持续发展主导产业选择模型研究

首先,总结了研究主导产业的理论成果,指出现有主导产业选择理论多从经济因素出发,忽视了社会因素和环境因素,与国家提倡的可持续发展观不符。接着,阐述了可持续发展理论,尝试将可持续发展的思路量化为主导产业选择指标,并在层次分析法的基础上,提出了可持续发展主导产业选择模型。     

我国家族企业接班人选择现状分析

2005年中国私营企业调查报告显示,私营企业主平均年龄43.4岁,按照中国人的惯例,60岁是退休年龄,由此推算未来10年～20年将是家族企业交接班的高峰期。了解家族企业接班现状将有助于掌握家族企业接班情况,为家族企业平稳实现交接班过渡提供现实支持。     

An exact non-cooperative support for the sequential Raiffa solution

This article provides an exact non-cooperative foundation of the sequential Raiffa solution for two-person bargaining games. Based on an approximate foundation due to Myerson (1991) for any two-person bargaining game (S, d) an extensive form game G^S,d is defined that has an infinity of weakly subgame perfect equilibria whose payoff vectors coincide with that of the sequential Raiffa solution of (S, d). Moreover all those equilibria share the same equilibrium path consisting of proposing the Raiffa solution and accepting it in the first stage of the game.By a modification of G^S,d the analogous result is provided for subgame perfect equilibria. These results immediately extend to implementation of a sequential Raiffa (solution based) social choice rule in subgame perfect equilibrium.     

Estimating features of a distribution from binomial data

We propose estimators of features of the distribution of an unobserved random variable W. What is observed is a sample of Y,V,X where a binary Y equals one when W exceeds a threshold V determined by experimental design, and X are covariates. Potential applications include bioassay and destructive duration analysis. Our empirical application is referendum contingent valuation in resource economics, where one is interested in features of the distribution of values W (willingness to pay) placed by consumers on a public good such as endangered species. Sample consumers with characteristics X are asked whether they favor (with Y=1 if yes and zero otherwise) a referendum that would provide the good at a cost V specified by experimental design. This paper provides estimators for quantiles and conditional on X moments of W under both nonparametric and semiparametric specifications.     

终极控制人、事务所变更与审计质量——来自中国上市公司的经验证据

基于终极产权论和委托代理理论,从审计需求视角探讨审计质量的影响因素。以我国2006—2010年A股上市公司作为研究样本,追溯至上市公司的终极控制人,结合事务所变更的动态变量,研究终极控制人及其性质对会计师事务所选择的影响。实证发现,我国上市公司终极控制人及其性质的变更均会导致会计师事务所的变更,并且当终极控制人性质由非国家控制人变更为国家控制人时,企业对会计师事务所的选择会倾向于由高质量所变更为低质量所。研究结果表明,终极控制人及其性质是影响我国上市公司审计质量的重要因素之一。     

公允价值计量模式下会计政策选择研究

会计政策选择是连接企业会计的计量、确认、记录、报告等环节的纽带,是编制财务报告的基础。会计政策的选择是否得当,不仅影响着企业的会计信息质量,而且还决定着资源的优化配置及资本市场的健康发展。因此,会计政策选择扮演着越来越重要的角色。以发表的有关公允价值计量模式下会计政策选择的文献为样本,分析和评述公允价值计量模式下会计政策选择研究的现状及产生的影响。     

Rationalizable variable-population choice functions

Summary. We analyze the rationalizability of variable-population social-choice functions in a welfarist framework. It is shown that fixed-population rationalizability and a weakening of congruence together are necessary and sufficient for rational choice, given a plausible dominance property that prevents the choice of alternatives involving low utility levels. In addition, a class of critical-level separable choice functions is characterized. This result, which extends an earlier axiomatization of a related class of bargaining solutions to a variable-population setting, is the first axiomatization of critical-level principles in a general choice-theoretic model. Received: November 30, 1999; revised version: September 11, 2000     

The Impact of Choice Inconsistencies in Stated Choice Studies

A new test procedure revealing mutuallyinconsistent choices has been developed andapplied to Stated Choice data. Our analysisshows that inconsistent choices commonly occurin several Stated Choice tasks. An applicationof the test to the Norwegian Value of Timestudy data shows that failing to excludeinconsistent choices resulted in asubstantially higher Value of time. Theinconsistent choices were made by less educatedparticipants. As the tasks were undertaken inthe easy context of choosing travelalternatives with three attributes,practitioners of more complex and cognitivedemanding designs should be particularilyconcerned with these results.