产业政策对商业模式创新的影响效应测评研究——以光伏和人工智能上市公司为例

产业政策是政府引导产业发展、调整产业结构失衡的重要工具，影响着企业商业模式创新水平。基于中国大陆A股82家光伏上市公司、52家人工智能上市公司数据，采用清晰集QCA方法，从选择水平、激励水平和介入水平3个维度探索产业政策与其它因素共同引致高/低层次商业模式创新的组合方式。结果表明，产业政策不同属性水平的作用路径不同；高层次和低层次商业模式创新路径并非简单的对称关系，也不是单一条件就能起决定性作用的，还需要依赖不同条件之间的组合；产业政策不同属性对商业模式创新的影响效应存在差异。最后，通过设定商业模式创新评价标准，为优化商业模式创新路径提供可行思路。     

Innovation,agile project management and firm performance in a public sector-dominated economy: Empirical evidence from high-tech small and medium-sized enterprises in China

While agile project management has become increasingly important for high-tech small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), firm performance varies greatly due to companies’ different degrees of innovation capability and internal and external environmental dynamics. Drawing on the resource-based view – as well as innovation capability and agile project management theories – a comparative analysis was conducted of two high-tech SMEs. The results were used to develop a theoretical model based on six hypotheses. Empirical research was carried out that included measurement of key variables, data collection and analysis, validity and reliability tests, regression analysis, and structural equation modeling, which confirmed five of the six initial hypotheses. The proposed model incorporates different innovation capability roles, considers project agility enhancement of firm performance, and takes into account interactions between companies’ innovation atmosphere and environmental dynamics in a public sector-dominated economy (i.e., China). The results contribute to project agility management’s theoretical development and refinement by presenting new findings on innovation and environmental dynamics. The results also provide guidelines for project agility practices in high-tech SMEs in China, with the potential to improve these firms’ performance. Implications and limitations are also discussed.     

Partner selection and university-industry linkages: Assessing small firms' initial perceptions of the credibility of their partners

As promoting the engagement of firms and universities through collaborative linkages gathers pace among policymakers, it appears to be pertinent to examine in more detail the mechanisms that underpin their formation. This paper examines the processes by which small firms assess the credibility of their potential partner when engaging in collaborative links with universities. Here, credibility is defined as the ability to deliver the promised knowledge and experience of a particular field when entering into a collaborative linkage with a university, and represents the firms' assessment of the usefulness of the university as a potential partner. The paper presents two main findings; firstly, the credibility of potential university partners is based around the realism, comprehensiveness, and specificity of their knowledge. Secondly, credibility appears to be judged at an individual rather than institutional level. The implications of these findings to theory and practice are also discussed.     

The interplay between technology characteristics,R&D internationalisation,and new product introduction: Empirical evidence from the energy conservation sector

Developing marketable products based on proprietary technologies is the key to success in many firms, but it is still a big challenge. Factors explaining when technologies are more likely to lead to a marketable product are not fully understood yet. This gap calls for further research on this important topic. The present paper addresses this issue by focusing on specific characteristics of technologies - i.e., their nature as breakthrough technologies and their generality - which can be considered as suitable predictors of new product introduction (NPI). Specifically, we study if and how these characteristics affect the likelihood of NPI. Moreover, in our research model, we argue that the effects of technology characteristics on NPI are contingent upon the degree of a firm's R&D internationalisation. We examine this moderating firm-level factor in a cross-level study design. We develop several hypotheses and test them with objective patent and novel trademark data. In detail, the analyses are based on a unique and longitudinal sample of 11,385 patents and 1,783 trademarks registered at the USPTO in the energy conservation sector by 696 different companies. By adopting hierarchical linear modeling (HLM), we reveal that the likelihood of NPI is positively related to the breakthrough nature of technologies; this effect turns negative when the level of breakthrough nature is very high. Instead, technological generality has a negative influence on NPI. Finally, the degree to which firms internationalise their R&D activities negatively moderates those relationships.     

对赌协议、利益不一致与企业创新投入

应用跳跃变化下的几何布朗运动模型，从VC投资者与企业家间利益差异角度探讨企业签订对赌协议对创新支出影响的作用机制。结合新三板创新型公司数据，手动搜集2010-2018年VC参与的新三板公司融资事件，运用PSM匹配方法进行实证检验。结果表明，签订对赌协议抑制企业创新支出，且对赌期间业绩目标更高、VC占股较高时对创新投入的负向影响更明显。企业在对赌期间面临着巨大的业绩压力，签订对赌协议加大了VC与投资者间利益不一致，减少创新支出能够缩小二者间不一致区间。断资比例低对于对赌抑制创新起到缓解作用，即断资点越低，对赌抑制创新的作用越弱。     

创业警觉、资源拼凑对破坏性创新的影响——公司创业情境单案例扎根研究

破坏性创新因资源投入少、竞争压力小等优势成为一种重要的创新模式，但其机会识别与开发这一关键问题仍未得到有效解决。引入公司创业理论，以比亚迪公司为研究对象，运用扎根理论对案例进行剖析。结果发现：公司创业企业在创业警觉支撑下，通过扫描搜索、发散提炼和评估判断过程识别破坏性创新机会，并驱动企业通过资源拼凑整合内外部资源，进而迅速开发破坏性创新机会。此外，为入侵主流市场，企业需要在全过程保持警觉；资源拼凑随着破坏性创新的深入呈现由低阶向高阶、由内部资源向社会网络资源演化的趋势。结论在理论上丰富了破坏性创新相关研究，在实践上可为企业构建破坏性创新路径提供参考。     

风险投资介入与企业创新：基于PSM模型的经验证据

“大众创业、万众创新”背景下，研究风险投资介入对企业创新绩效的影响具有重要理论与现实意义。以2010-2017年创业板公司为样本，采用倾向得分匹配法（PSM）模型,实证分析风险投资介入对企业创新绩效的影响,发现风险投资介入显著促进专利申请量，且对发明专利申请量和实用新型专利申请量有显著正向作用，而对外观设计专利影响并不显著。进一步考察不同背景和投资策略的风险投资对创新绩效的潜在影响，结果显示：与单独投资相比，联合投资对专利总申请量和发明专利申请量增加的促进作用更显著；与私营风险投资和外资风险投资相比，国有风险投资具有更强的发明取向和更长的投资时间，能显著促进发明专利等创新绩效提升，而私营和外资风险投资对公司创新绩效的影响不显著。     

如何共舞?服务商业模式创新与技术创新对企业绩效的交互影响

基于权变视角与企业网络视角，剖析效率型、新颖型服务商业模式创新与利用式、探索式技术创新匹配对制造企业绩效的影响效应，并识别网络中心性的中介作用。研究发现：①新颖型服务商业模式创新与利用式技术创新组合匹配能够积极提升企业绩效，效率型、新颖型服务商业模式创新与探索式技术创新组合匹配对企业绩效具有抑制作用；②效率型、新颖型服务商业模式创新，利用式、探索式技术创新均能显著提升企业网络中心性和企业绩效；③网络中心性在服务商业模式创新对企业绩效的影响中发挥完全中介作用。     

基于所有制性质的高技术企业创新能力差异及生成机理——源自省级面板数据的实证研究

构建基于改进突变级数法的评价模型，研究2009-2017年各省不同所有制高技术企业创新能力差异，采用ARCGIS软件进行可视化分析，运用全面FGLS回归模型探索不同所有制高技术企业创新能力差异生成机理。结果表明：①总体来看，内资企业与港澳台资和外资企业创新能力差距尚存；②省级层面不同所有制高技术企业创新能力呈现差异化状态，整体创新能力较强地区港澳台资和外资企业普遍强于内资企业，而其它地区则恰恰相反；③政府资助和引进高素质人才能够显著提升内资企业创新能力，加强产权保护、提高开放程度对内资、港澳台资和外资企业创新能力均具有积极作用。     

Exit as governance: do blockholders affect corporate innovation in large US firms?

Using a sample of large US firms, this study shows that blockholders in combination with liquidity can contribute positively to innovation (R&D investments). We contribute to the literature on managerial myopia that has focused mainly on large owners and their type (short-term/long-term). Our results are in line with recent theoretical studies arguing that blockholders in combination with market liquidity can mitigate managerial myopia, as suggested by the exit model of governance. The results indicate that blockholders can be efficient in resolving agency problems and that they can enhance long-term prosperity, even when the individual blockholder investment horizon may not be long.