二氧化碳排放强度下降目标的动态分解研究——基于“十二五”规划目标的分析

针对十二五规划中二氧化碳排放强度下降17%的目标,设定两种分解路径——等比路径和等差路径,采用数理经济学理论,将之分别对应到二氧化碳排放强度和人均国内生产总值两项指标的幂函数路径和对数函数路径。根据1990~2007年全球主要地区和中国的历史经验数据,对上述两个函数的参数进行模拟,并对二氧化碳排放量路径进行预测。研究发现,幂函数最优路径比国际经验对应的最优路径更为激进;幂函数最优路径比对数函数最优路径更为灵活,但后者减排潜力更大。若走对数函数路径,在远期保持国内生产总值年均7%增长速度的前提下,到2038年我国将达到二氧化碳排放量的峰值,之后便逐步下降。     

Technology competencies in competitive environment

Although prior studies suggest that technology competencies play a significant role in firm innovation and competitiveness, what and how technology competencies interacted with competitive environment affect firm innovation has not been fully understood. This paper fills this research gap through a questionnaire survey of 165 firms together with a number of interviews drawn from the Taiwan's information and communication technology (ICT) industry. The results suggest that capabilities of exploring or exploiting technological opportunities, core technology capability, and autonomy of R&D decisions are particularly important to firm innovation in a highly competitive environment, whereas over commitments to existing technologies may constrain a firm's innovation especially in such environment. Moreover, different types of competitive environment require different types of technological competencies to enhance firm innovativeness. This paper contributes to the existing theory by examining the joint effect of technology competency and competitive environment on a firm's innovation.     

I Have Paid Less Than You! The Emotional and Behavioral Consequences of Advantaged Price Inequality

This study examines the emotion blends and the subsequent customer reactions that occur in advantaged price inequality situations, that is, when consumers learn that retailers charged them a lower price than what the same retailers charged another customer. Drawing on the appraisal theories of emotion and on social comparison theory, an experiment (n = 272) and a field study (n = 261) are conducted. The results reveal that in advantaged price inequality situations, customers experience a host of positive and negative emotions depending on two factors: the quality of relationship that the customer has with a disadvantaged other customer (neutral, positive, or negative) and the attribution of agency for the price advantage (situational attribution to competition, external attribution to store policies, or internal attribution to customer abilities). Positive emotions include happiness, gratitude, pride, and malicious joy; while negative emotions include pity, outrage, and guilt. These emotions are shown to mediate the occurrence of customer reactions (i.e., customer satisfaction, loyalty, WOM referral, and WOM activity). The article concludes with theoretical implications and recommendations for retail practitioners on how to use dynamic pricing.     

Greening transportation fleets: Insights from a two-stage game theoretic model

The greening of organizational transportation fleets, especially trucks and automobiles, has gained increasing attention by companies in a variety of industrial sectors. The reasons for this concern and attention are due to regulatory and competitive pressures, but also increasing costs of fossil-fuels. Surprisingly the amount of research and modeling for fleet management overall has been rather limited, with the focus on managing green vehicle investments virtually non-existent. In this study we develop a two-stage game theoretic model that helps evaluate, from both policy and organizational perspectives, the implications of greening of transportation fleets. Various parameters are evaluated including factors such as innovations in green vehicle technology, levels of service differences, cost of fuel, adjusting tax policy, regulatory compliance requirements, and adaptation costs. This evaluation provides practical insights into actions that could be considered by regulators and organizations to encourage environmental investments.     

广佛同城化的博弈分析

由于广州和佛山分属不同行政区域,两地政府的地方保护主义和机会主义行为导致广佛同城化难以深入进行并陷入困境.要走出广佛同城化困境,应考虑构建责任明确、在管理和协调广佛同城化方面权威、高效的超广佛政府的第三方组织--"广佛管理协调行政委员会".     

我国稀土出口贸易中利益相关方博弈分析

稀土进出口贸易中各方的利益获得不仅取决于自己的行为,也受到相关方行为的重要影响。作为世界最大的稀土资源国、生产国、出口国和消费国,我国对稀土出口的管理政策引致世界稀土进口国及其他稀土资源国的一系列反应措施。本文运用完全信息动态博弈模型分析我国与稀土进口国、我国与其他稀土资源国之间的博弈,研究得知各方为获得利益最大化可采取的策略选择以及相关各方博弈的结果,进而对我国稀土出口贸易管理提出建议。     

基于动态AHP的企业信息化水平评价——江苏沙钢集团信息化水平案例研究

文章运用动态AHP方法研究企业信息化的发展过程,并结合江苏省沙钢集团企业信息化发展的案例,根据信息化五阶段模型,判断该企业信息化所处的发展阶段,继而对沙钢集团信息化发展提出战略性建议。希望不仅对沙钢集团有指导和推动作用,对其他企业的信息化发展也有启示和帮助。     

论地方政府在房地产调控中的多重博弈

从耕地保护、与中央政府、开发商、购房者和银行关系等五个方面分析地方政府在房地产市场调控中面临的多重博弈,阐述地方政府在房地产调控中面临的“囚徒困境”,进而提出了完善地方政府绩效考核体系和土地出让收益分配机制、加大保障性住房供应力度等若干对策建议.     

国家实验室体系构建与制度创新：理论依据与实施机制

国家实验室是国家科技创新体系的重要组成部分,在国家发展战略中发挥着重要作用。目前,鲜有研究针对国家实验室体系构建进行理论阐述及体制机制探讨。以我国布局国家实验室体系为研究背景,探讨国家实验室体系构建的现实逻辑,结合国家创新系统理论、协同创新理论和合作博弈理论,剖析国家实验室制度创新的理论依据。结果表明：(1)国家创新系统理论是国家创新驱动发展战略的行动指南,也是推动国家实验室发展的重要依据;(2)协同创新理论强调各类创新要素协调合作与相互作用,有助于国家实验室体系实现整体效应最大化;(3)合作博弈理论探讨决策主体均衡问题,对于实验室与外部单位建立良好互信决策机制大有裨益。基于理论分析,围绕政策引导、运行成长、利益共享和风险分担4个方面体制机制创新,提出国家实验室体系构建的政策建议。未来,国家实验室体系研究需要进一步围绕基础理论和实证研究(驱动因素、运行成效和科学评价)等进行深入探讨。     

信用问题的博弈分析

社会信用和经济信用相辅相承,精神文明和物质文明比肩发展,然而现实社会却出现了众多信用缺失问题.本文运用博弈论分析方法,从经济学角度解释了信用缺失问题的理论成因.