中国古代黄河流域水权制度变迁(上)

分3个历史阶段研究中国古代黄河流域水权制度变迁：第1阶段为先秦至汉朝,这一时期是我国封建社会的建立、发展时期,国家开始制定正式的水权法律制度,但比较零碎而不成体系.第2阶段是唐、宋、元朝,这一时期是我国封建社会发展的鼎盛时期,以国家法律为主导的正式制度极为完善和发达.第3阶段包括明、清2朝,阐述中国古代自先秦至唐、宋、元朝水权制度、分析自先秦至唐、宋、元朝各个不同朝代时期水权制度特点,讨论这段历史期间制度变迁的原因.     

西方公共服务供给模式的演变及启示

西方公共服务供给模式的演变大致经历了公共服务供给模式的传统官僚制阶段、市场多元化阶段和整体合作三个阶段.借鉴西方公共服务供给模式改革的先进经验,对我国有许多启示:公共服务的导向机制应以民为本,创新哲学基础已转为总体系统论,管理应实行网络化,同时应合理统筹公共服务的财政支出.     

我国债权人利益法律保护的评价体系研究

关于对债权人利益的法律保护评价,大多数文献都沿袭了LLSV的范式。该文发现这种范式并不完全适合像我国这样制度不断变迁的国家,因此对LLSV的评价体系进行了拓展,即,将除破产制度以外的合同制度、独立法人制度、信息制度、担保制度、信用制度纳入进来。在此基础上,对我国改革开放三十年来的债权人利益保护评价体系做了动态的考量,同时也对当前的这一制度状况进行了客观的评价。     

从经济理性到有限理性:经济学研究理性假设的演变

"经济理性"是经济学的传统研究假设,却因背离现实而受到质疑.基于行为人稀缺的心理资源和系统固有的不确定性而产生的"有限理性"正逐步取代"经济理性"成为经济学研究的理性假设.不同的理性观点可以从决策的视角得到系统地解释和比较.并且,随着理性假设的演变,经济行为的决策标准也相应从单一静态最优向多元动态平衡转变.     

长江经济带发展战略对区域科学竞争力的提升效应——基于双重差分法的实证研究

在全球科技革命加速演进的背景下,长江经济带发展战略的实施对沿线省市科学竞争力提升具有重大意义。基于2009-2019年我国内地31个省市面板数据,构建科学竞争力评价指标体系,并利用熵权法计算各省市科学竞争力综合得分,通过使用双重差分法和中介效应模型实证检验长江经济带发展战略对区域科学竞争力的提升效应,最后对该战略的区域异质性及作用机制进行深入研究。结果表明：(1)长江经济带发展战略显著提升区域科学竞争力,稳健性检验支持该结论;(2)该战略实施虽然有助于提升长江经济带整体科学竞争力,但存在区域异质性,呈现为下游>中游>上游;(3)该战略通过提高要素集聚度、促进经济发展、加强政府公共服务提升沿线省市科学竞争力。基于实证结果,从提高政府公共服务水平、制定差异化发展计划、加大地方政府财政支出、精准布局科创载体、加快数据要素基础设施建设等方面提出建议。     

The Evolutionary Rules of Production System

The competition among modem enterprises has been converted from products to capability. As the basis of competition, production system can＇t win the market unless it takes advantage of its capability in competition. Here in this article, the evolutionary rules of production system contributing to the establishment, renovation, reform, invention and promotion of the production of modem enterprises are observed.     

商路、城市与产业--晋商对近代西北经济带形成的作用浅析

随着重建“丝绸之路经济带”战略构想的提出与实施,对该问题的讨论成为学术界的热点。经济带是带状经济区的简称,它以一定的交通运输线路为轴,以轴上大城市为核心,以优势产业为基础,发挥集聚和辐射作用,带动周围经济的发展。近代,由于以晋商为主的内地商人贸迁西北,使我国西北经济带雏形初步形成。从晋商疏通连接西北与内陆的交通干线、推动西北城市的繁荣、掌控近代西北地区的优势产业———皮毛业等方面,对晋商贸迁与近代西北经济带形成之间的关系进行分析,以帮助我们了解商人在经济带形成中所发挥的作用,从而为当代山西经济融入“丝绸之路经济带”的开发与建设提出一些新的思考。     

Natural disasters and economic growth: The role of banking market structure

Following a natural disaster, the rate of economic growth recovers faster in less competitive banking markets. A 10% reduction in competition increases the rate of economic growth by 0.3%. In less competitive markets, banks respond to a disaster by increasing the supply of real estate credit by refinancing mortgage loans, but do not lend more to businesses or consumers. Instead, government agencies provide disaster loans to affected businesses and households. Smaller, profitable and well-capitalized institutions that rely more on traditional retail banking originate most mortgage credit.     

基于强互惠理论的会计准则变迁研究

强互惠理论将人类的精神活动因素引入制度变迁研究中,扩展了人们将制度作为外部环境的接受者,制度变迁是自发演化过程或理性设计过程简单＂二分法＂的认识。会计准则作为一种制度安排,能够运用制度的理论框架予以分析。本文在强互惠理论博弈解说的基础上,对1992~2006年中国会计准则变迁过程进行分析。研究结论显示：中国会计准则变迁是自发演化与理性设计的统一,中国会计准则变迁过程中体现出自愿性和强制性双重强互惠特征,而且自愿性强互惠是主要特征,政府型强互惠滞后。     

Incremental costs associated with myocardial infarction and stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: an overview for economic modeling

Objective:

To identify cost estimates related to myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) for use in economic models.

Methods:

A systematic literature review was conducted. Electronic databases and conference abstracts were screened against inclusion criteria, which included studies performed in patients who had T2DM before experiencing an MI or stroke. Primary cost studies and economic models were included. Costs were converted to 2012 pounds sterling.

Results:

Fifty-four studies were identified: 13 primary cost studies and 41 economic evaluations using secondary sources for complication costs. Primary studies provided costs from 10 countries. Estimates for a fatal event ranged from £2482–£5222 for MI and from £4900–£6694 for stroke. Costs for the year a non-fatal event occurred ranged from £5071–£29,249 for MI and from £5171–£38,732 for stroke. Annual follow-up costs ranged from £945–£1616 for an MI and from £4704–£12,926 for a stroke. Economic evaluations from 12 countries were identified, and costs of complications showed similar variability to the primary studies.

Discussion:

The costs identified within primary studies varied between and within countries. Many studies used costs estimated in studies not specific to patients with T2DM. Data gaps included a detailed breakdown of resource use, which affected the ability to compare data across countries.

Conclusions:

In the development of economic models for patients with T2DM, the use of accurate estimates of costs associated with MI and stroke is important. When country-specific costs are not available, clear justification for the choice of estimates should be provided.