Cost-benefit analysis of alien vegetation clearing for water yield and tourism in a mountain catchment in the Western Cape of South Africa

Economic analysis is used to assess the costs and benefits of restoration following clearing of invasive alien trees in the floristically rich Fynbos mountainous area near Franschhoek, Western Cape of South Africa. The Groot Drakenstein, Franschhoek and Jonkershoek mountains receives more rainfall than the surrounding areas and is an important source of water for the city of Cape Town. The costs of alien invasive plant removal, gully-erosion repair and reseeding with indigenous plants are considered in a case-study cost-benefit analysis of restoration, in terms of the water and tourism benefits derived. Three different options of restoration (comprehensive, moderate, basic) were analysed under three different economic scenarios (optimistic, realistic, pessimistic) and the costs of which have been weighted up against the income derived from the supply of water and tourism. The results have shown that despite the high costs of restoration, the basic restoration option costs were out-weighed by the water and tourism benefits derived. This was also true of the moderate restoration option, when evaluated under the optimistic scenario and using an 8% discount rate, or a 3% discount rate under any scenario. However, this was not the case in the moderate restoration option when using an 8% discount rate in conjunction with the realistic and pessimistic scenarios. Neither was it the case when using a 12% discount rate, irrespective of the scenario. Under no scenario was the cost of a comprehensive restoration option outweighed by the benefits quantified, irrespective of the discount rate used. It was concluded that further restoration, in addition to the mere clearing of alien invasive plants, would be economically viable under certain assumptions and conditions.     

Collaboration mechanism of intercity emergency rescue ecosystem

With the development of metropolitan regions and the appearance of urban agglomerations, cities have been more closely related. For the restricted emergency rescue resource in a single city, it has become more and more imminent for the demand of the intercity collaborative resistance to major accident, so as to improve the protection capacity of urban security. In order to find an effective intercity, emergency rescue collaborative system, this paper introduces the concept and analysis method of ecosystem theory into intercity emergency, rescue. Based on the analysis of the formation-process of emergency rescue individual, population and community： a throe-level intercity emergency rescue collaborative system is constructed according to the characteristics of dynamics and structure of intercity emergency rescue ecosystem then the collaboration mechanism of information, resource and process in the interceity emergency rescue ecosystem is also studied in this paper; so as to offer available strategy and method for the ecosystem theory applied to intercity, emergency rescue. Through the studies of intereity emergency rescue ecosystem. it illuminates that the proposed emergency system can not Only cope with the major accident more timely and effectively but also integrate the intercity information resources and emergency rescue resource and process optimization.     

适应形势要求加强财务管理不断增强冶金企业活力

适应形势要求加强财务管理不断增强冶金企业活力冶金工业部部长刘淇（一九九五年三月十七日）同志们：全国冶金财务工作会议已经开了一天半了，会议听取了殷瑞钰副部长的报告及十个企、事业的经验介绍，讨论了今年冶金行业财务管理工作的奋斗目标和采取的措施。我同意殷部...     

在全国冶金财务工作会议上的总结讲话

在全国冶金财务工作会议上的总结讲话冶金工业部经济调节司司长单亦和（一九九五年三月十八日）全国冶金财务工作会议，从３月１６日开始，经过全体同志的共同努力，已经圆满地完成了预定任务，今天就要结束了。会议认真贯彻了国务院领导同志的指示精神和全国冶金工作会议...     

钢材供求总量基本平衡价格反弹空间有限

钢材供求总量基本平衡价格反弹空间有限春节过后，一些钢材市场部分钢材品种价格出现了反弹，少部分钢厂也调高了出厂价格。据业内人士分析：当前钢材价格反弹有其合理因素。首先是部分钢材品种的市场供求趋于平衡。去年下半年生产企业限产促销，今年国家调控进口政策初见...     

按照市场经济要求确立财务管理的中心地位

按照市场经济要求确立财务管理的中心地位本钢经理张文达在向现代企业制度迈进的关键时期，冶金部于１９９４年８月召开了全国冶金企业财务工作会议。这次会议的现实意义和历史意义远远超过财务工作会议本身。在这次会议上，刘淇部长的讲话，以建设有中国特色的社会主义理...     

行业变革下理财子公司的机遇和挑战

随着资管新规、理财新规和理财子公司管理办法的相继颁布,我国资产管理行业迎来了重大的变革。2019年,理财子公司陆续成立,作为一种全新的资产管理机构,因为体量大、背景深,对整个资管行业将产生重大影响。理财子公司成立于行业发生重大变革的背景下,面临着经营模式转型、关系重新定位、人才系统欠缺、能力亟待提升等方面的挑战,但同时也有市场机遇、政策机遇和转型机遇等方面的有利条件。面对行业变革带来的机遇和挑战,理财子公司要通过做好自身定位、打造合作共赢生态圈、建设三大体系、构筑四大基础,为客户和企业提供一站式金融服务。     

调查研究是成本分析的生命──从一份来自基层一线抓成本的调查报告说起

调查研究是成本分析的生命─－从一份来自基层一线抓成本的调查报告说起程建华，王莲莲１９９５年２月，在武钢能源总厂的供水厂发生了一件这样的事情：一位成本核算员在进行成本分析对比分析时，发现该厂一个季节性生产的冷水车间在停产期间的用电量高于生产高峰季节，造...     

青海湖区生态环境综合治理对策研究

青海湖是国家级自然保护区，是国际重要湿地之一。近30年来，围绕湖水持续下降这一主题，又使青海湖成为中国乃至世界特级生态告急区之一。针对青海湖面临的生态危机，展开广泛的研究，提出：封湖育鱼、封山育草、保护水源涵养林，实施湖区封闭，引水济湖，人工增雨等措施，协调好人与生态环境的关系，坚持可持续发展观和科学观，创出适合青海湖区发展的新路子。     

加强管理 盘活资金

加强管理盘活资金石家庄钢铁厂１９９４年上半年，由于国家宏观调控的逐步到位，钢材市场由畅变滞，钢材价格一再下滑，致使我厂本来不宽裕的资金更加紧张。由于我厂采取了有效措施，盘活资金，保证了生产、建设的顺利进行。１９９４年上半年，钢、铁、钢材产量比上年同期...