An assessment of market-based approaches to providing ecosystem services on agricultural lands

Market-based approaches are increasingly being advocated as tools for achieving the conservation of ecosystem services. We examine the reasons why markets so far appear to have failed to provide an efficient allocation of many ecosystem services, and identify the conditions under which markets deliver efficient resource allocation. We discuss different forms of market-based approaches to ecosystem services and identify the characteristics of services that make them better suited to one or another of these approaches. We find that lack of low-cost measurability and valuation currently precludes efficient allocation of many ecosystem services through market-based approaches. Still, some forms of market-based approaches hold promise for cost-effectively managing some ecosystem services provided by and to agricultural lands. In many cases some form of well-designed government involvement will be required to seek outcomes that protect the public interest.     

Human Resource Ecosystem and its evolutionary rules

The paper, based on the concept and the elements of human resource ecosystem （HR Ecosystem）, studies the function and structure of HR Ecosystem, introduces the entropy theory to define the content of entropy of HR Ecosystem, constructs the corresponding distinctive model to distinguish the direction of the evolution of HR Ecosystem and the evolutionary entropy model, and applies the models to demonstrate the evolutionary rules of HR Ecosystem. The study shows that the entropy theory can be well applied to the analysis on HR Ecosystem and that it opens up a new field in the research of human resource management and provides a new effective technical method.     

宜宾市复合生态系统的能值评价及其可持续发展探析

随着经济总量的增加,作为能源型城市的宜宾在经济增长方式、经济生产结构和城市消费结构上急需进行科学而快速的调整,进而步入人口、资源、环境协调发展的可持续之路。因此本文通过能值分析方法,对宜宾市生态、经济、社会3个子系统的发展状况进行定量化的分析评价,为其科学经济规划提供基础数据平台。     

Ecosystem services–biodiversity relationships depend on land use type in floodplain agroecosystems

Managing agricultural floodplains to meet present and future human requirements without jeopardizing biodiversity conservation is a challenge for land use planners and ecologists. This paper aims to disentangle the relationships between ecosystem services and biodiversity in multifunctional landscapes, such as floodplain agroecosystems, by disaggregating their values across land use types. We measured eight ecosystem services (gas regulation, soil formation, nutrient regulation, habitat provision, food provision, raw materials production, education, and recreation) and six plant diversity indexes (richness, abundance, and true diversity for both plant species and growth forms) in seven land use types identified in the floodplain of the River Piedra (Spain). We observed that all land use types provided services to some extent, but each one was better at providing certain services. Natural or semi-natural habitats provided more services and hosted greater diversity than cultivated land use types. In addition, five diversity indexes were strongly correlated to at least three ecosystem services each one. Habitat provision and education were the ecosystem services positively correlating to most diversity indexes, whereas food provision was negatively correlated to all diversity indexes. Moreover, analyzing the interactions between ecosystem services and biodiversity across land use types, we observed that land use type was the controlling factor regarding the sign and significance of the interaction. The results of this study suggest that, in floodplains agroecosystems, a mosaic landscape of different land use types helps support ecosystem services and contributes to maintaining biodiversity while using local resources. Such land use policies might manage agricultural floodplains at the landscape scale while still being able to accommodate specific measures for each land use type. Moreover, riparian forests should be preserved and restored across the floodplain as they are hot spots for biodiversity and ecosystem services provision.     

浅析我国金融生态环境现状

借鉴和运用生态学的方法和成果,将金融体系看作一个生态系统,分析了我国金融生态环境现状,从五个方面提出了改善我国金融生态环境的措施与对策。     

论中央银行在金融生态系统中的定位——基于一个Keystone的研究视角

在生态系统中,一些物种对整个生态系统的稳定有着举足轻重的作用,它们被称为关键物种(Keystone)。根据生态学中Keystone的定义和判断标准,从中央银行与金融生态系统的关系来看,中央银行具有类Keystone特征。因此,有效发挥中央银行的Keystone作用,可以成为改善金融生态环境的政策切入点。     

企业平台化变革与创新影响因素双案例研究

在数字网络技术与相关产业融合背景下,平台以创新思维引领经济发展。平台化变革与创新是企业实现升级转型的重要战略选择,无论是传统制造业延续性创新,还互联网企业突破性创新,企业均需要根据平台战略,通过突破转型障碍获得持续发展。在已有理论的基础上,结合海尔和滴滴两个企业平台化战略实施案例,揭示企业平台化变革与创新的4个影响因素。结果发现,企业变革与创新受用户参与、产品服务、资源体量、韧性与成长周期等因素影响。因此,应根据各企业实际情况制定平台战略,使其成为企业转型升级的驱动力。     

加强财务管理全力盘活资金提高冶金行业经济运行的质量和效益──在1995年全国冶金财务工作会议上的讲话

加强财务管理全力盘活资金提高冶金行业经济运行的质量和效益──在１９９５年全国冶金财务工作会议上的讲话冶金部副部长殷瑞钰（一九九五年三月十六日）同志们：今年一月份，在北京召开了全国冶金工作会议，李鹏总理、朱基和邹家华副总理对冶金工业作了重要指示。这次冶...     

面向市场,深化改革

面向市场，深化改革李秀珍，贺添１９９４年，是本钢建国以来资金最紧张、最困难的一年，也是资金使用最有效的一年。本钢全年实现销售收入达到８０．２９亿元，比上年增长２５．６％，创历史最高水平；实现利税１９．２亿元，为年计划的１２８％。（一）转换脑筋，适应市...     

适应市场制定对策谋求生存赢得发展

适应市场制定对策谋求生存赢得发展本溪钢铁公司本钢是个老企业，设备陈旧、工艺落后的问题非常突出，致使本钢能耗大，成本高。而本钢的主导产品一卷板，品种单一，市场回旋余地较小，产品质量与宝钢、武钢相比差距较大。面对激烈的市场挑战，产品滞销，价格下跌，资金紧...