孟子思想政治教育理论探析

孟子思想政治教育理论是一种伟大的思想资源,它以独有的本质特色证明了其在历史发展过程中的存在价值.通过阐述孟子思想政治教育理论的形成背景、目标、内容,特别是将《孟子》的“推施仁政,保民而王”的理念用于当前的思想政治教育,分析了孟子思想政治教育理论对现代社会思想政治教育和伟大中国梦实现的历史和现实意义.     

非正式机制在预防犯罪中的应用

我国重视采取正式机制来预防犯罪，却忽视了非正式机制预防犯罪的重要作用，与此相应的是犯罪愈来愈成为难以解决的社会问题。单纯依靠正式机制很难有效地抑制犯罪行为的发生，而非正式机制在这方面则有着难以估量的作用。在犯罪预防中应重视对非正式机制的运用，主要从加强传统文化教育、注重利用媒体介质、加强道德教育等方面入手。     

农村留守儿童发展困境：成因与破局之策

农村留守儿童发展是社会主义和谐社会建设和新农村建设进程中面，J盘的一个重要课题。当前留守儿童发展问题困境的成因：区域与城乡经济发展不平衡与制度缺失是根本原因，“新读书无用论”是主观原因，农民工收入有限与职业不稳定是客观原因，家庭教育缺失与学校教育不足是直接原因。破局之策：需要以“爱”心为中心，发挥政府职能，破除留守儿童教育问题的制度障碍；建立家庭式学校，强化学校对留守儿童的管理角色；重铸“爱巢”，弥补留守儿童家庭教育的缺憾；倡导爱心行动，最大限度获得社会各界对留守儿童教育的关注和支持。     

实施低成本扩张战略的案例分析

低成本扩张战略是企业快速发展壮大的一种重要途径。近年来,随着国内经济的快速发展,能源和资源供求矛盾不断突出,各地政府承担的节能减排压力日益增加,迫切要求在保护环境的前提下,扩大能源和资源的供给量,缓解供需矛盾。通过运用五种力量模型、SWOT模型、现金流量分析等方法,对热锗联产和延迟焦化两个项目进行全方位分析和综合评估,可以看出,延迟焦化项目内外部环境比较有利于项目的实施,其优势明显大于劣势,机遇大于威胁,项目实施可行性较强。     

公共教育、社会保障与收入分布

本文使用一个世代交叠模型揭示了公共教育与社会保障调节收入分布的作用机制。研究发现,公共教育能够有效地缩小家庭教育投资差距,从而降低收入差异;社会保障则通过减少低收入家庭的劳动供给、增加其有效家庭教育时间来降低收入差异。本文的数值模拟结果显示,在同样的支出水平下公共教育调节收入差异的能力比社会保障更强。并且当存在财政预算约束时,从降低收入差异的角度来看,若财政预算规模较低则应当将资金优先用于公共教育;若财政预算规模较高则应当在公共教育与社会保障之间保持平衡。     

Gender and graduate economics education in the US

Abstract

This paper reports on the findings of a survey of top economics graduate schools as they relate to women and men. The results provide strong evidence that at these top graduate schools, women graduate students are less integrated in their economic disciplines than are male graduate students. In the second part of the paper, this paper relates those findings to alternative theories as to why this is the case. This paper concludes by suggesting that the emphasis on theoretical studies in the current core of the graduate economics program can be seen as a type of hazing process that seems to have a significant cost since many women (and men) with great creative promise are discouraged from continuing in economics and do not benefit nearly as much as they would have from more policy-driven core courses.     

Multiracialism and Meritocracy: Singapore's Approach to Race and Inequality

This paper characterizes Singapore's efforts to tackle the problem of persistent racial inequality in terms of the notion of fair meritocracy. Singapore's race policy attempts to level the playing field through its unique race-based self-help organizations and a comprehensive, racially integrated, public housing program. Individuals are then sorted by the ostensibly objective mechanism of a standardized test based educational system. The social and economic implications of this policy are examined and, using summary data from the 1980 and 1990 censuses, the extent to which Singapore has been successful in creating a fair multiracial meritocracy is assessed.     

An Asymptotic Expansion Approach to Pricing Financial Contingent Claims

We propose a new methodology for the valuation problem of financial contingent claims when the underlying asset prices follow a general class of continuous Itô processes. Our method can be applicable to a wide range of valuation problems including contingent claims associated with stocks, foreign exchange rates, the term structure of interest rates, and even their combinations. We illustrate our method by discussing the Black-Scholes economy when the underlying asset prices follow the continuous diffusion processes, which are not necessarily time-homogeneous. The standard Black-Scholes model on stocks and the Cox-Ingersoll-Ross model on the spot interest rate are simple examples. Then we shall give a series of examples on the valuation formulae including plain vanilla options, average options, and other contingent claims. We shall also give some numerical evidence of the accuracy of the approximations we have obtained for practical purposes. Our approach can be rigorously justified by an infinite dimensional mathematics, the Malliavin-Watanabe-Yoshida theory recently developed in stochastic analysis.     

The historical roots of India’s service-led development: A sectoral analysis of Anglo-Indian productivity differences, 1870-2000

India fell further behind the UK in terms of GDP per capita and overall labour productivity between the 1870s and the 1970s, but has been catching-up since. This paper offers a sectoral analysis of these trends. Comparative India/UK labour productivity in agriculture has declined continuously, and agriculture still accounts for around two-thirds of employment in India. Agriculture thus played a key role in India’s falling behind and has subsequently slowed down the process of catching up. Although there have been substantial fluctuations in comparative India/UK labour productivity in industry, this sector has exhibited no long run trend. The only sector to exhibit an upward trend in comparative India/UK labour productivity is services. India’s recent emergence as a dynamic service-led economy thus appears to have long historical roots. Although India has been characterised by relatively low levels of physical and human capital formation overall, its education provision has historically been unusually skewed towards secondary and tertiary levels. This has provided a limited supply of high productivity workers who have been employed predominantly in services.     

I suppose you think that's funny! The role of humour in corporate learning events

This paper examines the uses of humour among participants in five bank training programmes in the UK. These programmes, run by the banks themselves, were studied using ethnographic methods and the observations reported here are based upon extensive field notes. The paper examines the ways in which participants deployed humour during these learning events and the role humour played in the management of their relations with their fellow learners and the course instructors. The course instructors' use of humour is also examined. It is argued that humour played a far from trivial role in the programmes studied. On the contrary, humour was vital to their maintenance as viable organizational practices. In conclusion it is suggested that the more systematic study of humour could make an important contribution to the understanding of the social realities of corporate training programmes.