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31.
Having regained independence in 1991, Estonia has undergone fundamental political and structural changes over the last decade, which have also affected the operation of its companies. This paper examines the management accounting practices of Estonian manufacturing companies, exploring the main impacts on them within a contingency theory framework. The methodology comprises an analysis of 62 responses to a postal questionnaire survey carried out among the largest Estonian manufacturing companies. It is comparatively infrequently that Estonian manufacturing companies have made improvements in their cost accounting methods, although the majority of respondents appear to acknowledge the importance of these practices in finding and lowering real product costs and modernizing the cost accounting systems. The effectiveness of an accounting systems’ design depends on its ability to adapt to changes both in external circumstances and internal factors. We have found some evidence that changes in cost and management accounting practices are associated with shifts in the business and accounting environment as external contingencies, and with those in technology and organizational aspects as internal contingencies. This research aims on the one hand to confirm earlier findings related to the ‘contingent factors’ that influence management accounting and on the other, to identify possible new factors, such as, for example, the legal accounting environment and shortage of properly qualified accountants. 相似文献
32.
In the past two decades, litigation in many U.S. stateshas triggered educational reform movements designed to reducethe inequalities in educational expenditures across school districts.This paper uses a panel data set across all the states from 1970–1990to examine the role of litigation and educational finance reformin determining the level of education funding in a flexible,dynamic setting. An important finding of our work is that litigationand reform have differential effects across the states, in somecases leading to increases while in other cases decreases inpredicted spending. 相似文献
33.
This paper demonstrates the role of a community of practice in academic endeavour, focusing on the influence of place and the role of thought leaders in guiding academic development. This is illustrated with reference to the influence of Emeritus Professor Michael Gaffikin in establishing a critical accounting community of practice at the University of Wollongong (UOW) through his PhD supervisions. Social network analysis (SNA) is used to visualize the 43 PhD supervisions undertaken by Gaffikin during his career, and subsequent PhD supervisions of his students, and students of those students. SNA illustrates the structure of relationships, and the paths through which scholars learnt from one another, which we combine with qualitative analysis of recollections, acknowledgments, and doctoral theses. We demonstrate the role of Gaffikin, as the intellectual thought leader, and UOW, as the intellectual place, in the development of the critical accounting community of practice. The development of critical accounting scholarship was a function of Gaffikin's intellectual and professional leadership, which he executed through PhD supervision, the annual Doctoral Consortium, and his direction at UOW. This paper highlights the importance of local communities for the development of research agendas, and the influence of PhD supervisors on the professional development of students. 相似文献
34.
Jan Hayes Sarah Maslen Christina Scott-Young Janice Wong 《Journal of Risk Research》2018,21(9):1131-1145
AbstractBased on a survey of Australian engineers (n = 275) this paper examines the impact of personal liability considerations on engineering decision-making. Almost all respondents who make high-stakes decisions saw questions of liability as having both positive (90%) and negative (87%) impacts. Our analysis shows that awareness of personal liability acts to focus the attention of many engineers on the moral dimension of their work. However, it also encourages more expensive decision-making, inhibition of innovation and professional paralysis. We argue that while personal legal liability is a legitimate way to focus engineers’ attention on the potential impact of their work, a problem arises when decision-makers are held responsible for disasters over which they had little control. The focus then shifts to ‘defensive engineering’ practices that are aimed at limiting individual liability rather than disaster prevention. Legal processes that are seen to unfairly allocate blame do not encourage practices that support future disaster prevention. 相似文献
35.
魏永涛 《沈阳工程学院学报(社会科学版)》2007,3(2):285-287
创新思维是综合素质的核心。金工实习厂作为实训的重要基地,应该为学生提供一个开放的创新实践场所,这就要求金工实习厂积极进行改革,以实现培养创新意识;改变教学方法,提供创新空间;重组教学机构,培养和引进教学人员;采取各种方式,全面推进创新工作,探索出一条培养与训练学生创新思维的新路子。 相似文献
36.
通过理论基础、维度与测量、影响因素、组织绩效影响等4个方面对人力资源柔性研究现状做文献研究述评,并基于此提出研究与实践新方向,提出本土国情下中国商业银行人力资源柔性、创新能力以及创新实践的测量体系,探讨人力资源柔性与创新能力以及创新实践之间的影响关系,充分考虑外部环境对上述关系的影响,提出中国商业银行业务创新实践的概念模型。该模型有助于拓展人力资源柔性理论的实证研究,并基于研究成果深入剖析适合中国商业银行发展的人力资源柔性管理模式。 相似文献
37.
张福康 《上海市经济管理干部学院学报》2007,5(4):33-39
中国独立审计存在审计法律责任制度缺失、审计职业道德失范、审计风险意识缺乏、审计监督机制失效等问题。解决这些问题应重构独立审计的法律责任制度,增强审计人员的法律意识;构筑独立审计职业道德体系,加强审计职业道德教育;建立政府监管机制,重塑独立审计的良好形象;完善行业自我监管机制,规范独立审计的执业行为。 相似文献
38.
39.
对建立高职院校实践教学评价反馈机制的思考——以旅游管理专业为例 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
该文以旅游管理专业为例,介绍该专业的实践教学如何结合高职教育的人才培养特征、旅游行业的特点和旅游企业的运行状况,来规范实践教学管理的组织机构、实习计划的制定和实施、实习效果考核指标体系,特别是对尚属薄弱环节的实践教学效果的评价反馈方面,提出了一些见解。 相似文献
40.
申秀清 《内蒙古财经学院学报(综合版)》2011,9(6):48-50
应用型本科教学组织过程中要突出"应用",即在教学方案、课程设置和课堂教学方面要重视实践教学,实现理论与实践环节的交叉融合。国际贸易实务是国际经济与贸易专业的专业主干课,本身的实践性很强,在传统教学中往往将这门实践课按照理论课的模式来讲授,被理论化的实践环节很抽象不易被学生掌握和吸收,我们要从课内实践、模拟实训和校外实践三方面来强化本专业学生的实践能力,以实践实用为目的,以就业为导向来组织国际贸易实务的课程教学,提高国际经济与贸易专业毕业生的实际动手能力和就业竞争力。 相似文献