Spreading and Shifting Costs of Lateral Control Among Peers: A Structural Analysis at the Individual Level

This paper uses three-way and sociometric data to reconstitute individual conceptions of peer-driven intervention for the protection of common resources in a collegial organization, a Northeastern corporate law firm. Variations in partners' individual conceptions are explained in terms of management of costs of lateral control. Costs of control are mainly expressed as costs to members in terms of social capital. Management of such costs includes spreading or concentrating them among partners, shifting them to others or bearing them oneself, and using similarities among others to smooth the control process among peers. Leverage styles are identified. They tend to combine various ways of spreading and shifting such costs, and characterize three levels of seniority. Seniority appears to be a key variable for a theory of unobtrusive protection of common resources among peers.     

基层党组织在化解社会矛盾和处置突发事件中的作用研究

研究和探索基层党组织建设的新路子、新模式,强化党组织化解各类社会矛盾和处理突发性事件的能力,是企业提高经济效益、实现科学发展及和谐发展至关重要的组织保证。文章以南宁市交易场三楼商场党组织的实际工作案例,分析企业党组织在化解社会矛盾和处置突发事件过程中如何更好地发挥主力军作用,并从思想教育、组织建设、制度建设等方面入手,创新活动载体,紧紧抓住群众路线的工作核心,发挥基层党组织的战斗堡垒作用和党员的维稳核心作用,实现早发现、早疏导、早化解,使矛盾纠纷化解在基层。     

DESIGNING ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT IN A DECENTRALIZED FISCAL SYSTEM

Abstract When external effects are important, markets will be inefficient, and economists have considered several broad classes of economic instruments to correct these inefficiencies. However, the standard economic analysis has tended to take the region, and the government, as a given; that is, this work has neglected important distinctions and interactions between the geographic scope of different pollutants, the enforcement authority of various levels of government, and the fiscal responsibilities of the various levels of government. It typically ignores the possibility that the externality may be created and addressed by local governments, and it does not consider the implications of decentralization for the design of economic instruments targeted at environmental problems. This paper examines the implications of decentralization for the design of corrective policies; that is, how does one design economic instruments in a decentralized fiscal system in which externalities exist at the local level and in which subnational governments have the power to provide local public services and to choose tax instruments that can both finance these expenditures and correct the market failures of externalities?     

温州非公有制经济组织社会管理创新——康奈集团建立“情感交流站”的实践

非公有制经济组织的社会管理创新是社会管理的重要组成部分。温州市90%以上的企业为非公有制企业,如何管理好数量庞大的外来务工人员,促进企业和谐发展是温州市社会管理面临的新挑战。文章介绍了温州康奈集团建立情感交流站的社会管理创新做法和经验,以期为其他非公有制企业提供思考和有益借鉴。     

基层工会组织开展“创先争优”活动存在的问题与对策研究

文章通过对基层工会组织开展创先争优活动存在的问题进行梳理、归类、分析,提出了相应的对策和建议,具有一定的参考意义。     

What is the potential impact of a taxation system reform on carbon abatement and industrial growth in China?

Economists have long argued that market-based environmental policy such as an environmental tax is beneficial to abate pollution emissions. This study aims at investigating the impact of carbon tax levy on carbon dioxide (CO₂) abatement and industrial growth in China. To this end, the marginal abatement cost (MAC) of industrial CO₂ emissions is estimated as the benchmark of setting the carbon tax rate by using the directional distance function (DDF). This paper employs the polynomial dynamic panel model to forecast the impact of carbon tax levy on target variables such as sectoral value-added and CO₂ intensity. The results reveal that the levy of a CO₂ tax has a negative impact on industrial output only in the short term. In the long term, the impact of CO₂ tax levy on output will become positive. The levy of a CO₂ tax is always beneficial to reduce CO₂ intensity. Corresponding policy suggestions for an environmental taxation system reform are given in the concluding section.     

Strategic Planning and Implementation Success in Public Service Organizations: Evidence from Canada

In this article, we examine the role that formal strategic planning plays in determining the success of strategy implementation in a set of more than 150 public service organizations from Canada. We also analyse the mediating effects of managerial involvement in strategic planning and the moderating effects of stakeholder uncertainty on the planning-implementation relationship. A structured online questionnaire was used to collect the data. Our findings suggest that formal strategic planning has a strong positive relationship with implementation, which, though mediated by managerial involvement, becomes even more salient in the face of stakeholder uncertainty. Several implications of these findings are discussed.     

Listen to the market: Do its complexity and signals make companies more innovative?

This paper analyzes four modes of innovation that differ in their scope of newness (innovation generation and adoption) and in their degree of change (radical and incremental). Building a theoretical model based on the market orientation (MO) and contingency theory literature and using a sample of innovative firms, we find that MO positively influences the numbers of incremental generation and adoption of innovations. We also find that environmental complexity moderates the relationship between MO and radical and incremental innovation generation and the number of incremental innovation adoption. That is, we have found that highly complex environments enhance the introduction of radical and incremental internally generated innovations and harm the adoption of incremental innovation for market-oriented firms. These findings add to the innovation and MO literatures. Our results also have important implications for both the commercial activities and R&D policies of firms.     

Pollution and informal economy

In this study, we investigate the relationship between the size of the informal economy and the level of environmental pollution/energy use. To this end, we first use different indicators of environmental pollution along with a measure of energy use intensity in a panel dataset consisting of 152 countries over the period 1999–2009 and empirically examine the relationship between pollution and the shadow economy. The estimation results show that there is an inverse-U relationship between the size of the informal economy and environmental pollution, that is, small and large sizes of the informal economy are associated with lower environmental pollution and medium levels of informality are associated with higher levels of environmental pollution. Next, we build a two sector dynamic general equilibrium model to suggest an economic mechanism for this observation. Our model identifies two channels through which informality might affect environmental pollution: The scale effect, whereby a larger (smaller) informal economy size is associated with a lower (higher) level of environmental pollution, and the deregulation effect, whereby a larger (smaller) informal economy is associated with higher (lower) pollution levels. As these two effects work in opposite directions, the changing relative strength of one with respect to the informal sector size creates the inverted-U relationship between pollution indicators and informality.     

创建新时期“教工之家”,构建和谐校园

按照:家有组织、家有民主、家有创新、家有活动、家有温暖,围绕中心服务大局开展创建新时期教工之家活动,是增加基层工会活力,提高基层工会工作整体水平的有效形式,对于协调劳资关系,调动教职工积极性,推动教育改革和发展具有重要作用。