日本农业问题的缩影——对广岛县庄原市的调查

日本是发达国家中农业问题很突出的一个国家。通过对日本广岛县庄原市的调查,直观地再现了日本的一系列农业问题:耕地面积有限,耕地利用率趋于下降;农户生产规模小型化,集约化生产受到限制;农业人口减少,农业劳动力高龄化,农业劳动力后继乏人;国内农产品自给率很低,农产品价格居高难下;农协在发挥积极作用的同时,也暴露出诸多问题;政府在保护农业方面倾注大量财力,虽然缩小了城乡差距,却抑制了农业竞争力的提高,还加重了政府的财政负担等等。庄原市是日本比较典型的"农村",日本几乎所有的农业问题都在庄原市得到了体现。     

关中地区经济增长的份额转移分析

目的:通过对经济增长进行剖析,找出关中地区对经济贡献较大的产业。方法:运用份额转移分析方法,对关中地区的经济增长进行分析。结果:份额分析法可以很好的分析地区的经济增长。结论:关中地区及各城市的经济增长实际上是由全国经济增长推动的;关中地区及各城市的结构增长贡献率的大小依次是第三产业、第二产业、第一产业。     

交换式虚拟局域网(VLAN)技术在校园网中的应用

本文阐述了局域网技术的发展和虚拟局域网（VLAN）技术的特点，着重介绍了虚拟局域网技术在校园网中的应用及配置方案，最后介绍了一运用VLAN技术的校园网实例。     

Euro area inflation persistence

This paper presents evidence on the lag between monetary policy actions and the response of inflation in the euro area as a whole as well as in some of its core countries, notably Germany, Italy and France. In line with previous findings for the US and the UK, results here show that it takes over a year before monetary policy actions have their maximum effect on inflation both in the euro area and in individual countries and that a lag of this length has existed in Europe at least since the collapse of the Bretton Woods system, despite the numerous changes in European monetary policy regime thereafter. Results based on alternative definitions of inflation persistence support these findings and indicate, if any, that transmission lags could be in fact much longer for individual countries and the euro area as a whole, although, at the country level, there is strong evidence over time of a drop in German inflation persistence and a sizeable shift in the mean of inflation – particularly in Italy and France. An examination based on results from this paper reveals that euro area inflation persistence could well be an intrinsic phenomenon rather than a ‘statistical fluke’ due to aggregation.This research was conducted during my visit at the European Central Bank Directorate Research, as part of the Research Visitor Programme. I would like to thank Anna Maria Agresti for providing individual country data from the macroeconomic database of the Monetary Transmission Network; Alistair Dieppe for providing data from the ECB area-wide model dataset; and Michele Manna for supplying me with the area-wide M3 data for the period 1970–1980. I thank Gabriel Fagan, Frank Smets, Ignazio Angeloni, Vítor Gaspar, Michael Ehrmann, Guenter Coenen, Oreste Tristani, Tommaso Monacelli, Stephanie Schmitt-Grohe and Gerhard Ruenstler for helpful discussions during my stay at the ECB. I would also like to thank seminar participants at the ECB for their input and I am very grateful to Jeffrey Fuhrer, Edward Nelson and Kenneth West, Bernd Fitzenberger and two anonymous referees for comments on an earlier draft. Any errors and omissions are mine. The views expressed in this paper are those of the author and should not be attributed to the International Monetary Fund, its Executive Board, or its management     

产学合作对粤港澳大湾区高校双元知识产出增长的影响

利用2011-2020年粤港澳大湾区67所高校纵向数据,采用随机系数模型,考察高校双元活动效率增长趋势、产学合作对高校双元知识产出增长的影响以及制度环境的调节作用。研究结果表明：(1)随着时间推移,粤港澳大湾区高校创新研发与学术研究的双元知识产出整体呈现出显著提升趋势;(2)不同制度环境下高校双元活动产出效率的增长存在明显差异,其中,广东高校创新研发的产出效率增长高于港澳高校,港澳高校学术研究的产出效率增长则高于广东高校;(3)产学合作对粤港澳大湾区高校双元知识产出增长具有显著正向作用,良好的制度环境强化了产学合作对双元知识产出的促进作用,使得产学合作对广东高校双元知识产出的促进作用强于港澳高校。     

东北地区振兴中的生态消费问题分析

东北地区的振兴面临着资源枯竭和生态环境恶化的危机,主要是由于传统的不可持续的生产与消费模式造成的,因此必须改变现有消费模式,推广和实施生态消费模式。生态消费是一种可持续型的消费,从消费品的选择到消费过程以及消费后的废物处理都考虑生态系统的平衡,实现最小化的环境影响。实施生态消费模式有利于保护东北地区的生态环境,有利于提高东北地区消费质量,促进消费结构优化,有利于促进生产方式的变革,优化产业结构,实现可持续发展。实施生态消费主要包括大力开展生态消费教育,树立生态消费观念,大力发展生态产业,提供高质量的生态消费品,满足人们的生态消费需求,建立和完善发展生态消费的相关政策制度等措施。     

基于空间自相关的滇中城市群县域经济发展研究

针对县域经济研究方法较为单一,基于滇中城市群2003—2012年县域人均GDP数据,采用结合时空尺度的全局和局部空间自相关研究方法,对于县域经济发展时空特征进行分析和评价。分析结果表明,滇中城市群县域经济在全局和局部空间上都表现为较强的正相关性质,县域经济在时空上的联系日益密切,但中心城市的经济集聚和扩散辐射效应较弱,经济欠发达的县域单元数量仍比较多。该方法能够为滇中城市群县域经济发展战略制定提供参考,并提出合理的对策和建议。     

关于四川天然气资源最佳替代时间的探讨

以四川盆地为例，运用数学模型，作者对盆地中天然气资源的合理开采与最佳替代时间进行定量分析，并从经济学的角度推导了天然气资源耗竭及替代发生的条件，在力图保证利润最大化的前提下，对天然气资源实行逐步替代，文章为进一步研究四川天然气资源的有效利用提供了一一的理论依据。     

MODELLING THE ADAPTATION OF BUSINESS CONTINUITY PLANNING BY BUSINESSES USING NEURAL NETWORKS

Business continuity planning is an important element of business continuity management and is regarded as a fundamental step towards reducing the negative impacts of business disruptions caused by internal and external hazardous events. Many businesses are not prepared for such events, and very few studies have tried to examine and model the factors that contribute to business continuity management planning by various companies. In this paper we propose and develop a feed‐forward neural network for modelling businesses continuity planning by businesses based on a dataset of 283 businesses operating in the Greater Toronto Area in Ontario, Canada. The fully connected neural network applied was trained on 65 % of the dataset records using different subsets of input variables. In order to preserve the generalization ability of the trained network, 15 % of the dataset records were used as a validation set for early stopping during the network's training process. Prediction capability of the trained networks was evaluated on 20 % and never‐seen records of the dataset. The classification ability of the networks was then analysed using receiver operating characteristic and detection error trade‐off curves, where the results obtained were promising. The equal error rate for the best models was 12 %, which reflects a very good accuracy of these models in predicting the existence of business continuity planning for a generic company. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于三产互动与城乡统筹的区域经济空间分析

随着经济社会的发展,城乡关系与区域经济空间结构不断从低级向高级阶段演化.长期以来,我国三次产业之问与城乡之间的非有效联动发展导致了城乡经济空间的二元割裂,而这又进一步制约了产业的升级与区域经济空间结构的优化.现阶段,三产互动已成为提升产业现代化的重要途径,以此为基础和重要内涵的城乡统筹发展模式在有效促进城市经济空间从大...