乱世与法制:五代后晋的刑事立法、司法及其承启性（上）

五代是介于唐宋之际的藩镇割据乱世,长期以来无法、滥刑成为定论五代法制之主流观点。然爬梳分析史料,情状并不完全如此,位居五代中段的后晋在刑事法制建设上就颇有建树,主要体现在:在立法方面,开展了三次规模较大的法律活动,官员也表现出一定程度的议法热情;在司法上,虽然存在滥刑的一面,但却不乏滥刑纠偏和循法慎刑的案例;数次赦宥显示了皇帝的宽仁之心,当然赦宥也引发了个别朝臣驳议。以上这些表明,汉代以来逐步形成的儒化法制在五代乱世中尽管受到践踏冲击,但并未发生完全断裂,仍在曲折传承发展。同时,五代法制在唐宋时期展示出独特的承上启下属性,这种承启性在后晋乃至五代刑事法制中得到具体反映。乱世中的五代法制具有丰富、多维、复杂的面向,而不可简单以无法、滥刑概括之。     

基于城市商业银行视角的存款保险制度影响研究

城市商业银行作为我国银行业金融机构中重要的组成部分,在我国存款保险制度实施的大环境下面临着巨大的发展机遇与挑战。本文通过对存款保险制度下我国城市商业银行的发展现状以及存款保险制度对我国商业银行的影响进行研究,从调整负债结构、推动战略转型和加强内部控制三个方面给我国城市商业银行提出切实可行的应对措施。     

基金业绩归因与投资者行为

本文以2006年1月至2016年12月中国64家股票型主动管理基金为样本,从基金净资金流变化的角度,检验了投资者决策与基金业绩结构的关系,以期更好地理解投资者行为。本文结论有:(1)整体上,投资者在衡量基金经理能力时,更关注原始超额收益率或只基于市场风险调整风险敞口,这可能与中国市场投资工具仍然不够充分、风险难以有效对冲有关;(2)机构投资者相比个人投资者对风险敞口的识别更严格;(3)简单模型的优势集中在市场波动低、投资者情绪高的时期;(4)除基金经理能力外,净资金流变化对市场风险报酬也很敏感;(5)从alpha的角度,我国基金市场仍存在“赎回异象”,可能与“处置效应”有关,仍需提升投资者对风险的认知,引导市场形成更加科学的投资观念。     

信用评估中的特征选择方法研究

特征（变量）选择是信用评估中常用的一种数据降维技术,然而传统的基于相关性的特征选择方法（CFS）在计算变量间相关系数时,本质上是一种线性分析方法,无法有效处理非线性关系的数据,导致不能准确估计变量间相关性的大小。本文在分析CFS方法的基础上,引入Gebelein最大相关系数（GMC）,提出了一种非线性相关性特征选择方法——基于Gebelein最大相关性特征选择方法（GCFS）。在此基础上,结合支持向量机（SVM）技术,构建了GCFS SVM评估模型。该模型能有效地识别变量间的非线性相关关系,更真实估计变量间相关系数大小,从而筛选出最优变量子集,最终提高模型评估预测能力。为验证本文所提方法的效果,通过对两个公开的信用数据集的实证研究,结果表明：与其他方法相比,本文提出的GCFS方法能显著改善信用评估模型预测性能,提高模型判别能力,本研究成果也为信用评估模型的构建提供了一种新的思路和有益的参考。     

Does trade openness contribute to food security? A dynamic panel analysis

Despite significant progress in the fight against hunger during the last decades, food insecurity remains a major problem in many countries, especially developing ones. In this study, we use a large cross-country data to investigate the impact of trade openness and other factors on food security, measured by dietary energy consumption. We employ a system GMM approach to account for unobserved heterogeneity, correlated individual effects and potential endogeneity of the explanatory variables. The empirical results reveal that trade openness and economic growth exert positive and significant impacts on dietary energy consumption, and also contribute to improvements in dietary diversity. The results are robust to the inclusion of additional variables capturing specific agro-climatic constraints (e.g. weather-related) and regional/country characteristics and to the sample composition. Most geographical regions are found to have significantly higher food security levels compared to Sub-Saharan Africa. Additional results indicate that besides calorie consumption, trade openness also improves dietary diversity and diet quality-related aspects of food security.     

中国农地产权绩效:来自制度匹配的观点

从"资源集中功能"和"生活保障功能"转向"经济激励功能"和"(市场)主体培育功能",进而转向"资源配置功能",这是我国集体土地产权模式经济功能的演变路径,它反映了不同阶段我国国民经济发展对集体土地产权制度的客观要求。基于制度匹配观点的分析表明:(1)从计划经济到市场经济的发展过程中,我国集体土地产权制度其实需要不同的制度匹配;(2)未来我国集体土地产权制度改革、户籍制度改革和公共服务供给制度改革必须联动进行。     

Types of technological scanning in manufacturing SMEs: an empirical analysis of patterns and determinants

As the component of environmental scanning that is concerned with science and technology, products, production processes, hardware and information systems, the concept of technological scanning, especially in small business, has received little empirical attention in the past. This paper aims to better define the different technological scanning practices of small and mediumsized enterprises (SMEs) and identify the main factors that determine these differences. This is done without relation to organizational effectiveness as technological scanning is but one of many potential influences on business performance. Using data obtained from a mail survey on the scanning practices of 324 SMEs, the study hopes to increase our understanding of how various entrepreneurs confront various environments in practice. The research model used is based on the notion that, to define different technological scanning practices in small business, four aspects must be considered: strategic orientation (objectives pursued); types of information sought (on technologies and their costs, human resources necessary, etc.); sources used (customers, fairs, specialized publications, suppliers, research centres, etc.); and scanning management practices (methods used, staff involved, level of formalization, and integration of activities). These aspects are contingent upon four factors: the managers' profile; their perception of the environment; their firm's characteristics; and their information network. A cluster analysis reveals that the sampled firms can be grouped into four separate categories, according to the intensity of their technological scanning activities and the type of strategy used. In the first category, where scanning is most developed, the SMEs emphasize cost reduction and control, followed by improvements in competitiveness; they seek mainly financial and human resource information, and use their own internal resources to obtain it. A second category, where scanning is least developed, puts the emphasis on increasing production capacity and flexibility; these SMEs seek very diverse information from many sources. Of the two intermediate groups, one aims to diversify and increase the quality of products and services; marketing information is obtained through customers, suppliers and subcontractors. The other, whose scanning is better organized, favours increasing production capacity through innovation and market information with the help of governmental and financial institutions. This research concludes that there is no ‘one best way’ to environmental scanning in manufacturing SMEs, and that it all depends upon the organization, its objectives and its environmental pressures.     

关于城市物流的运营系统及其构成

城市物流的引入是为了应对全球范围内城市化和爆炸式增长的城市交通所带来的挑战。它提出了一系列措施,如通过整合运输、环境保护和经济增长等来提升城市货物流通效率,从而实现城市可持续发展战略。城市物流的运营系统包括城市运输领域的所有相关部分,并整合了所有的物流服务环节,如城市集运中心、最后一公里配送和逆向物流等。本文阐述了如何实施该运营系统,以全球领先的物流公司的大量实践说明其带来的益处。     

公务员提高人文素质的重要途径

公务员作为国家管理的主体,必须具备良好的人文素质,文章论述了公务员应该具备的人文素质,并提出了提高公务员人文素质的重要途径,希望为国家公务行政建设做出自己的贡献,不足之处请大家指正。     

财务指标评价银行信贷风险的实例运用

纵观古今,对于全球银行业来说,信贷风险管理的好坏决定了银行的生死存亡。近年来,随着我国银行业体制改革深入,各家银行信贷业务发展迅速,但是我国银行业信贷风险管理观念薄弱,管理水平仍较低,信贷业务快速发展和风险管理相对滞后的矛盾日益凸显,国内关于银行信贷风险管理手段和技术的研究也比较落后,本文将着重从财务报表分析角度探讨财务指标在信贷风险评价中的运用,探讨财务指标在信贷风险评价中的有效性。