汇率与中美贸易不平衡关系的研究——基于垂直专业化的视角

自汇改以来,人民币对美元累计升值超过20%,而中国对美国的贸易顺差仍然大幅上升。人民币升值为什么没有导致中美贸易不平衡的减少?本文在垂直专业分工的背景下检验了汇率与贸易的关系。结果发现,垂直专业化程度高的行业,汇率的变化对于贸易没有影响,而对于垂直专业化程度低的行业,人民币的升值对于出口和贸易顺差产生了显著的负面影响。中国对美国出口的整体垂直专业化程度非常高,由此决定了人民币升值没有导致中美贸易不平衡的减少。     

金融中介与金融市场的互动发展:功能深化与发展趋势

金融市场与金融机构作为实现金融功能的载体,在金融体系的动态发展过程中实现了功能的互补与深化。各国金融实践在不同经济制度背景、不同经济发展阶段表现出不同的融资结构特征,但从金融产品创新、不同产业融资特性以及风险管理角度看,金融中介与金融市场的互补性显著;从发展趋势上看,金融中介的发展越来越离不开市场化业务方式,而金融市场交易的完成有赖于各种金融中介机构的沟通。     

地方政府投融资平台潜在风险化解的现实选择与根本出路

地方政府融资平台潜在风险的形成,是多种因素综合作用的结果。其化解风险的现实选择应该是改变各自为政,加强政府与银行的全面合作,齐抓共管;而根本出路在于加快现行财政管理体制改革,积极完善分税制;尽快启动公债法的立法程序和预算法的修改程序;强化地方财政硬预算和约束机制建设。     

基于生命周期理论的农业高新产业风险管理

基于生命周期理论,可将农业高新技术产业划分为种子期、成长期、成熟期和升级期四个阶段。文章根据产业化过程中每一阶段的特征,分析了各阶段的主要风险,如技术风险、市场风险、财务风险等的表现和成因,并相应提出有关加强知识产权的认定和保护、建立财政支持的农业科技保险、完善资本市场多渠道融资等方面的风险管理措施。     

Switzerland’s transition from flood defence to flood-adapted land use–A policy coordination perspective

This contribution examines Switzerland’s shift towards integrated flood risk management from a policy coordination perspective. The study applies a heuristic framework of policy coordination to explore how adaption needs promoted cross-sectoral policy coordination between hydraulic engineering and land use planning and enhanced coherence in flood policies targeting extreme flood events. To account for the temporal dimension in policy coordination, the article traces Swiss flood policies back to the early 1800s and distinguishes four phases of policy coordination. Across the four periods, the analysis focuses on (a) the drivers of policy coordination, (b) the manifestation of policy coordination in terms of policy frames, goals, instruments and subsystem involvement, and (c) the performance of policy coordination. Complemented by an in-depth case study of cross-sectoral flood policies in the Swiss canton Nidwalden findings show that the coordination between flood and land use policies has primarily been driven by three factors: (i) extreme floods as focusing events, (ii) an increasing problem pressure, and (iii) strategic reorientations in flood and land use policies. Today, flood risk management in Switzerland displays a high degree of sectoral interplay between hydraulic engineering and spatial planning. By fostering flood-adapted land uses Switzerland’s coordinated flood policies reduce the vulnerability to uncertain future changes in flood risk and strengthen the country’s capacities to mitigate damage in extreme floods events.     

HACCP体系在水产品冷链物流中的运用

水产品富含优质蛋白和人体所需的矿物质,风味独特,其市场和消费人群不断扩大.但水产品在捕捞、生产加工、冷藏运输到销售过程中易受到损伤,严重时会受到微生物污染导致腐败变质,从而使其鲜度和品质下降.因此,应在水产品冷链物流全过程建立HACCP体系,对其质量进行严格且精密的监督和管理.     

Application of multi-factor hierarchical fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model in risk assessment of gas exploration

This article classified gas exploration risk on the basis of the characteristics of oil-gas exploration investment projects, which are internal systems risk and external non-systemic risk. It described each classification specifically and introduced the basic principles and mathematical model of the multi-factor hierarchical fuzzy comprehensive judgment in detail, and then researched the conducts the risk of the gas exploration with examples.