生猪生产稳定性的蛛网模型分析

近来,国内猪肉因供应量不足而导致价格大幅上涨,这在一定程度上对我国经济健康运行及人民的日常生活造成了影响。国家已经采取一些措施来促进生猪的生产,加大猪肉的供应。然而,如无限地扩大生猪的生产,也会因供大于求而造成下一次的生猪的供给不足。生猪生产应保持在稳定状态,从猪肉市场长期供求关系的蛛网模型角度,对生猪生产的稳定性进行了分析。     

供应链中信息共享价值与激励机制研究综述

信息共享是实现供应链管理的基础,因此如何激励供应链上的成员进行信息共享成为对这一问题研究的焦点。文章通过对供应链信息共享价值和激励机制的相关文献进行分析总结,指出相关研究中所存在的问题,并就进一步研究提出展望。     

外贸服装企业供应链危机预警指标体系研究

在我国外贸服装企业快速发展的同时,其供应链也承受着巨大压力,各种国内外因素引起的供应链危机使得外贸服装企业优胜劣汰进程加快．提高供应链危机管理能力和加强自身竞争力成为企业生存的当务之急。文章立足于外贸服装企业,对其供应链危机预警展开研究,并基于粗糙集理论对预警指标体系提出了优化方法。     

Anomalies in the Foundations of Ridge Regression

Errors persist in ridge regression, its foundations, and its usage, as set forth in Hoerl & Kennard (1970) and elsewhere. Ridge estimators need not be minimizing, nor a prospective ridge parameter be admissible. Conventional estimators are not LaGrange's solutions constrained to fixed lengths, as claimed, since such solutions are singular. Of a massive literature on estimation, prediction, cross–validation, choice of ridge parameter, and related issues, little emanates from constrained optimization to include inequality constraints. The problem traces to a misapplication of LaGrange's Principle, unrecognized singularities, and misplaced links between constraints and ridge parameters. Alternative principles, based on condition numbers, are seen to validate both conventional ridge and surrogate ridge regression to be defined. Numerical studies illustrate that ridge regression as practiced often exhibits pathologies it is intended to redress.     

MIND THE GAP: UNEMPLOYMENT IN THE NEW EU REGIONS

Abstract.  The paper surveys the theoretical and empirical literature on regional unemployment during transition in Central and Eastern Europe. The focus is on optimal speed of transition (OST) models and on comparison of them with the neo-classical tradition. In the typical neo-classical models, spatial differences essentially arise as a consequence of supply side constraints and institutional rigidities. Slow-growth, high-unemployment regions are those with backward economic structures and constraints on factors mobility contribute to making differences persistent. However, such explanations leave the question unanswered of how unemployment differences arise in the first place. Economic transition provides an excellent testing ground to answer this question. Pre-figuring an empirical law, the OST literature finds that the high degree of labour turnover of high unemployment regions is associated with a high rate of industrial restructuring and, consequently, that low unemployment may be achieved by implementing transition more gradually. Moreover, international trade, foreign direct investment and various agglomeration factors help explain the success of capital cities compared to peripheral towns and rural areas in achieving low unemployment. The evidence of the empirical literature on supply side factors suggests that wage flexibility in Central and Eastern Europe is not lower than in other EU countries, while labour mobility seems to reinforce rather than change the spatial pattern of unemployment.     

湘鄂渝黔边区中小企业竞争力提升的研究

湘鄂渝黔边区中小企业是该地区经济的基础,对国民经济和社会发展起到不可替代的作用,但总量大、规模小,普遍竞争实力不强。文章在全面分析边区中小企业现状和特点的基础上,对如何提升边区中小企业的竞争力进行研究,进而从改善企业发展环境、寻找竞争优势、培育核心竞争力、形成产业集群等方面提出竞争力提升的对策。     

A fuzzy group decision-making approach in quality function deployment

Quality function deployment (QFD) is comprised of two major group decision-making processes. One is to collect the customer requirements from a group of customers, whereas the other is to determine the relationship between customer requirements and technical measures by a cross-functional team. Generally, different and/or even subjective opinions are quite often in a group decision-making process due to the limitations of experience and impreciseness. Obviously, the importance of each customer requirement and the relationship between customer requirements and technical measures are determined by a group of people with imprecision and vagueness. Under such circumstances, a fuzzy group decision-making approach can be applied in QFD to deal with a group decision-making process when the information is imprecise and fuzzy. Moreover, an example is provided as well as the computational steps to show this fuzzy group decision-making approach can be effectively used in QFD to make decisions with imprecision and vagueness.     

Productivity and efficiency of state-owned enterprises in China

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the variations in SOE efficiency and productivity from the perspectives of macroeconomic fluctuations and systematic reform in China during 1986–2003. We use Data Envelopment Analysis to measure SOE efficiency. Subsequently, we use the Malmquist Index of Productivity change to measure productivity growth. The empirical results show that SOE efficiency and productivity exhibited obvious improvements during periods of strong systematic reform and a prosperous economy. The systematic reform after 1998 had a clear-cut impact on SOE performance.

城镇水价收费制度研究

基于调研数据,对影响城镇水价收费制度改革的诸多因素进行了order probit模型的计量分析。研究发现,居民水费支出、收入水平和住房面积等因素,对收费制度改革具有显著的影响关系,而环保宣传、地区因素和居民个体特征因素的影响关系不显著。在此基础上,提出了城镇水价收费制度改革的对策建议。     

论城市房屋拆迁中物权流转模型的构建及保护对策——兼评《国有土地上房屋征收与拆迁补偿条例》

拆迁问题引发的社会矛盾愈演愈烈,制度设计的缺陷难辞其咎.论文在抽离拆迁行为的基础上,构建公益性房屋拆迁模型与商业性房屋拆迁模型,并以物权的变动为线索,剖析现行拆迁制度,旨在对拆迁立法的完善提出更有针对性的建议,以规范相关物权的归属与保护;并对<国有土地上房屋征收与拆迁补偿条例>(征求意见稿)进行评析.