河北省城市化发展现状与政策选择

在对河北省城市化发展现状、存在的问题、面临的困难分析的基础上，从推进京津冀一体化发展战略、增强城市竞争力、发展中等城市、优化经济结构、管理创新等方面提出了提高河北省城市化水平的政策措施。     

Fiscal and monetary interdependence

Where classical economics integrates the quantity theory of money with the concept of Ricardian equivalence, the tendency of recent macroeconomic presentations is to focus either upon money and inflation or upon taxation and debt. That neglect of classical monetary–fiscal integration is surprising, given an initiative by the International Monetary Fund that set credit, money, and fiscal policy within a single structure. This article places those ‘credit counterparts of broad money’ in the context of the Great Depression and the recent global financial crisis. The upshot is a set of conclusions: that, to counter the prospect of deflation, quantitative easing is a weak policy response; that fiscal deficits are better; and that cuts in taxation are preferable to increased government spending.     

孵化器的商业模式与自身发展——典型案例分析

企业孵化器是创业企业成长的摇篮,其能为创业企业提供优质孵化服务的前提是自身的健康发展。本文从商业模式理论出发,对比剖析上海市运行良好的两个孵化器的目标客户、价值主张、价值链、动态能力和收支平衡模型,并探讨这两个典型孵化器如何通过整合社会资源服务创业企业。本研究揭示了孵化器对创业企业的价值源泉是其服务能为创业企业产生正向现金流,特别指出孵化器为创业企业提供融资能力与其孵化服务能力呈正相关,从而论证了孵化器本质是一个智力型服务机构,可自我持续发展的孵化器是一个能与创业企业、合作伙伴共赢共生的创新生态系统。     

Entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance: The role of knowledge creation process

This study examines the relationships among entrepreneurial orientation, knowledge creation process, and firm performance using survey data from 165 entrepreneurs. We use LISREL analysis to test the direct and indirect effects of the entrepreneurial orientation on firm performance. Knowledge creation process - operationalized to reflect the dimensions of socialization, externalization, combination, and internalization - is used as the mediating variable for explaining the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance. The results indicate that the significance of the direct effect of entrepreneurial orientation on firm performance is reduced when the indirect effect of entrepreneurial orientation through knowledge creation process is included in a total effect model. Consequently, entrepreneurial orientation is positively related to firm performance, and knowledge creation process plays a mediating role in this relationship.     

Modes of cooperative R&D commercialization by start‐ups

This study empirically examines the determinants of heterogeneous firm‐level cooperative R&D commercialization strategies. While the volume of interfirm collaboration has increased dramatically in recent decades, the determinants of firm‐level choices among alternate modes of such cooperative activity remain relatively understudied. We develop a conceptual model of factors determining collaborative mode choice at the organizational portfolio level. These factors include the firm‐level appropriation environment, in which deal‐level choices have portfolio‐level spillover implications, as well as governance capabilities developed by the firm over time. Using a random sample of innovating biotechnology start‐ups, we assemble a firm‐year panel dataset that aggregates transaction‐level collaboration data to the firm‐year level, allowing us to characterize firms' portfolios of collaborative deals. We find broad empirical support for our model, suggesting that a firm's appropriation environment and governance capabilities strongly influence portfolio‐level collaboration mode choices. In addition, we explore the implications of governance capability development, finding that experience with particular modes, as well as deviations from existing capabilities, impact firm valuation. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

ONLINE FREE MARKETS AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE MUSLIM WORLD

For centuries, networks of free exchange enabled populations of the Islamic world to thrive. Today, by contrast, the largest Muslim countries lag in international measures of economic freedom. At this critical time, hundreds of online markets for 'telework' are bringing global business opportunities within reach of many in the Muslim and non-Muslim worlds alike. Individuals with internet access can directly engage in the global online economy without having to wait for the results of domestic policy liberalisation or needing to relocate in search of higher wages.     

THE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF VOLUNTARY ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE OF FIRMS: A CRITICAL REVIEW

Abstract.  New trends in studies on the governance of natural assets include substantial consideration of the role of voluntary initiatives. A traditional economic view states that there is a trade-off between being green and being competitive. According to that view, no voluntary environmental action is expected to occur. To undertake an in-depth analysis of the scope for voluntary action, this paper reviews empirical literature that analyzes the relationship between manufacturing firms' environmental initiatives or performance and economic results. This review moves beyond the general test of the 'pay to be green' hypothesis, preferring instead to systematize empirical results in more specific research questions. Empirical findings of the reviewed literature generally support that there is no penalty for being green. In addition, the typology of firms, the methods utilized for implementing environmental initiatives, the intensity of abatement efforts and stockholders' valuation of green firms have all been shown to have a sizeable influence on the actual economic results of environmental action or management. Consequently, the findings of this paper challenge the traditional strategic theory that predicts widespread free-riding; it holds major implications for environmental policy-making and environmental business decisions.     

财政分权、政府层级与企业过度投资——来自地区上市公司面板数据的经验证据

文章以我国2001-2007年的上市公司为研究样本,探讨了地区财政分权程度与国有公司所属的政府层级对企业过度投资行为的影响。研究发现,财政分权越不充分的地区,其所控制的国有公司和属地民营公司越有可能存在过度投资行为;相对于中央政府控制的国有公司,地方政府控制的国有公司和属地民营公司更有可能存在过度投资行为;地方政府的层级越低,其所控制的国有公司越有可能存在过度投资行为;GDP增速越慢的地区,其所控制的国有公司和属地民营公司越有可能存在过度投资行为。     

Corruption,product complexity and African exporters

Several studies have shown that African manufacturers perform poorly, especially in comparison to their counterparts from other developing countries. We build on these studies by (a) examining the decision to stop exporting among African manufacturers and (b) investigating whether these decisions can be linked to institutional dimensions (such as corruption). Consistent with previous studies, we observe that a significant fraction of African firms stop exporting every year. Using product complexity as a measure of an industry’s ‘sensitivity’ to corruption, we find that firms in more ‘corruption-sensitive’ industries are more likely to stop exporting if there is an increase in overall corruption in the exporting country. Firm characteristics (such as size and productivity) also seem to influence the decision to stop exporting. Our finding about the relationship between corruption and the decision to stop exporting supports the conventional wisdom that corruption is detrimental to economic performance.     

财政支农投入与城乡一体化关系研究

本文在测评城乡一体化程度的基础上,定量分析了财政支农投入和人均财政支出及其比值、农村人均全社会固定资产投资和人均全社会固定资产投资及其比值对城乡一体化程度的影响。分析结果显示,财政支农投入和人均财政支出及其比值等因素对城乡一体化程度的影响很大,现存问题是财政支农投入占财政支出比例低且呈下降趋势,总量水平也较低。最后,本文根据分析结果提出了相应的政策建议。