Foreign Direct Investment,Transactions Linkages,and the Performance of the Domestic Sector

Using data from the UK Census of Production, including foreign ownership data, and information from UK industry input-output tables, this paper examines whether the intensity of transactions linkages between foreign and domestic firms affects productivity growth in domestic manufacturing industries. The implications of the findings for policies promoting linkages between multinational and domestic firms in the UK economy are outlined.     

Transnational corporations' strategies and foreign trade patterns in MERCOSUR countries in the 1990s

Market-seeking strategies predominate in the recent FDI boomin MERCOSUR countries. In the trade performance of transnationalcorporation affiliates a sort of ‘asymmetric integration’is clearly visible: they produce for the internal market and,to some extent, for the regional one, while import inputs andfinal goods from developed countries (and a significant partof these trade flows is intra-firm). Thus, even if affiliatesobtained productivity gains in the 1990s, they have not yetbeen reflected in a significant increase in exports, and evenless in extra-regional exports. Hence, the foreign direct investmentboom seemingly has not yet contributed to a better insertionof MERCOSUR countries into the world economy.     

GDP growth and currency valuation: The case of the dollar

One popular view on the strength of the US dollar around the turn of the century is that the higher growth in the US compared to Europe had stimulated foreigners to buy American assets, thereby driving up the exchange rate. In this paper a modified portfolio balance model is presented, in which it is shown that the impact of output growth on the exchange rate depends crucially on the origin of this growth. An improvement of the output gap is shown to actually depress the exchange rate whereas an increase in potential output growth leads to an appreciation, especially if this improvement is likely to be persistent. In an empirical example, it is shown that the equilibrium real dollar rate is indeed positively affected by high trend growth in the US, whereas it is negatively affected by a positive output gap. The model outperforms the random walk in forecasting future real dollar rates one to eight quarters ahead.     

Corporate cash flow and stock price exposures to foreign exchange rate risk

This paper estimates the foreign exchange rate exposure of 6917 U.S. nonfinancial firms on the basis of stock prices and corporate cash flows. The results show that several firms are significantly exposed to at least one of the foreign exchange rates Canadian Dollar, Japanese Yen and Euro, and significant exposures are more frequent at longer horizons. The percentage of firms for which stock price and earnings exposures are significantly different is relatively low, though it increases with time horizon. Overall, the impact of exchange rate risk on stock prices and cash flows is similar and determined by a related set of economic factors.     

中国外汇储备与货币供给量的关系——基于双对数模型

2001年以来,持续的双顺差促使外汇储备量迅速积累,人民币升值压力增大,为了维持人民币汇率的稳定,政府不得不加大货币投放量来回笼外汇市场上过多的外汇。通过建立外汇储备和货币供给量(M1、M2)之间的双对数模型,进行实证分析得出结论:外汇储备的增加确实推动了中国货币供应量的增加,并且外汇储备变动给M1带来的影响大于M2。因此,应适当控制外汇储备规模消除外汇储备超额增长的制度性原因,完善货币政策工具,积极进行金融创新。     

我国外汇储备货币组合的实证分析

截至2006年2月我国外汇储备达8536亿美元,超过日本成为世界外汇储备持有量第一大国,其后我国外汇储备也呈不断增长的态势,到2007年3月已达12020.31亿美元.外汇储备的持续增加意味着面临的风险也在持续增加.因此,如何确定合理的外汇储备币种组合成为目前需要迫切研究的课题.本文根据国内外已有研究确定了外汇储备货币结构的影响因素,结合因子分析法,得出了我国外汇储备币种组合的新选择,提出了我国外汇储备货币组合的对策建议.     

汇率形成机制与做市商制度:动因、成本分析

人民币汇率形成机制问题成为近年来国际经济事务中的焦点.中国外汇交易中心2005年5月推出8种外汇交易品种以及引入外币间交易做市商制度,这一举措成为观察、试验做市商制度的序曲.本文研究认为,外汇市场引入做市商制度有利于改善人民币汇率形成机制,但是由于我国外汇市场还不完善,引入做市商制度也会带来一定的成本.为了全面推广做市商制度,多方面配套问题尚待解决.     

国际贸易模型中的汇率变量研究

随着汇率波动的加剧,汇率对贸易的影响凸现.古典与新古典主义因所处于固定汇率体制中的金本位时期,所以并未给以汇率以足够的重视;凯恩斯主义在其需求分析的框架中研究汇率,因此其汇率分析也必然带有凯恩斯主义固有的缺陷--缺乏较坚实的微观基础;新国际贸易理论在产业内贸易框架中分析汇率变量.缺乏宏观高度.本文基于浮动汇率前提,试在宏观经济层面寻找国际贸易中汇率变量的微观基础,并给出程式化分析.     

中国外资立法的最新发展和完善

从立法的角度看，中国主要通过三种方式加大吸引外资的力度并逐步加强对外资利用的监管和引导：一是严格遵守入世承诺，扩大外资准入的领域；二是通过对公司法及其配套规章的修订，减少对外商投资企业活动的干涉，增强其活力；三是颁布和完善外资并购的相关立法，为活跃和规范中国并购市场奠定法律基础。     

透视美元贬值

美元霸权是综合国力的体现,不仅有经济、金融实力在里面,还有军事实力在里面。美元不会直线贬值下去,会出现反弹——下跌——再反弹——再下跌行情。关键时刻,美国政府完全会使用其军事实力来维持美元货币币值稳定。对于美国来说,解决赤字问题的正确方法应该主要是提高美国的利率和税收,减少消费和增加储蓄。