基于计划行为理论的农户耕地转入和转出意愿对比研究

［目的］农民耕地原子化程度不断加深,现行的家庭联产承包责任制已不能适应农村商品化和市场化的进程,严重制约了农村地区的经济发展。对山东部分农村地区农户进行耕地转入和转出意愿对比分析,以促进农村地区耕地流转提出可行性的建议,以期加速农村地区市场化进程,实现经济快速发展。［方法］以计划行为理论为基础,文章以行为态度、主观规范、感知行为控制3个潜在变量, 11个可测变量构建农户耕地转出和转入意愿模型,以山东省6个地区549户农户的实地调查数据为样本,利用结构方程模型对农户耕地流转意愿进行实证分析。［结果］行为态度和知觉行为控制对农户耕地转入和转出意愿都具有显著影响,且标准化路径系数都为正; 主观态度对耕地转入意愿具有显著性影响,其标准化路径系数为负,对转出意愿的标准化系数为正; 11个可测变量分别对相应的潜在变量都有显著性影响。［结论］行为态度对农户耕地转入和转出的影响效果不同,转入耕地的农户主要从耕地固有价值出发,而转出耕地的农户主要从经济理性考虑; 主观规范中4个可观测变量对农户耕地转出和转入的影响具有一致性; 知觉行为控制中农户的契约意识对耕地转出重要性大于耕地转入。     

中国外资财险企业市场竞争力问题研究

为衡量入世后在中国的外资财险企业的竞争力情况,本文借鉴经典产业组织理论的SCP范式和数据包络分析方法,运用2004-2011年的相关数据,以中国财险业市场结构和生产效率的变化情况为基础,总结其他学者参数设计的利弊,经实证研究发现当前中国财险业市场结构正由寡头垄断型向垄断竞争型优化;财险业尽管实现了全要素生产率连年净增长,但该指标的变化趋势是向下的,而外资公司整体上无论是追赶效应还是前沿面移动效应都优于中资公司,中资仅剩下规模上先占的相对优势.     

基于SEM的企业国际化经营与绩效关系研究

本文分析了我国上市公司国际化经营程度与企业绩效间的关系,探讨了国际化经营程度对企业绩效的影响程度。通过对深沪A股410个样本企业的分析,本文尝试构建结构方程模型（SEM）以验证中国企业国际化经营与企业绩效之间的路径关系,估计国际化经营对绩效的影响程度。结构方程模型估计结果表明,中国上市公司的规模经济效率对其短期绩效有正向影响,企业的全球协同效率对其长期绩效有正向影响。     

Ugo Broggi: a precursor in mathematical economics

The concern for the existence of solution to the Walras - Cassel model is usually dated at the beginning of the 1930s, and one decade later the proof of existence of utility function. Ugo Broggi, however, posed both issues in 1923 and 1919, respectively, and even hinted at modern ways of solving them. He was an outstanding mathematician, a former disciple of David Hilbert and collaborator with the Giornale degli Economisti. Broggi's achievements are also linked to a critical reading of Osorio's treatise on Paretian economics.     

营业税改征增值税试点方案对港口企业的影响研究

2012年国家在上海等11个省市开展了交通运输业和部分现代服务业营业税改征增值税的试点工作,这一改革给港口企业一般纳税人的税负带来了影响,通过两种税负的比较分析,其因素包括税率偏高、可抵扣成本低等多个方面,应当采取扩大改革范围、给予企业过渡期补贴扶持、择机统一下调税率等措施。     

Sraffa's legacy

This review essay of Critical Essays on Piero Sraffa's Legacyin economics situates Sraffa's work in relation to the Marshalliantradition and neo-Walrasian general equilibrium theory, andreviews the current state of debate between adherents of thesetraditions on the role of demand, returns to scale, capitaltheory and policy analysis. Other issues considered includethe corn model, Sraffa's critique of Hayek, and the extensionof the capital theory critique to the intertemporal equilibriummodel.     

完善我国政府非税收入预算管理的思考

本文介绍了我国政府非税收入预算管理的沿革,总结了我国政府非税收入预算管理的现状,分析了我国政府非税收入预算管理存在的问题,研究提出了完善我国政府非税收入预算管理的建议。     

从战略角度分析造成通用汽车公司现状的原因

通用汽车公司拥有百年历史,雄踞汽车霸主地位长达77年,然而,今天不得不求助于美国政府以维持经营。本文通过纵观通用汽车的发展历史,将从公司总战略和差异化战略角度来分析为何其走到了今天这一步。     

How do trust and property security influence household contributions to public goods?: The case of the sloping land conversion program in China

Trust and property rights are generally considered to influence farmers' behavior regarding resource use and environmental management. Previous studies show that higher trust levels may enhance contributions to public goods. This paper investigates how trust and (land) property rights security influence the provision of one concrete public good: land protection through the Sloping Land Conservation Program in China. The analysis is based on household survey data from Ningxia Autonomous Region in China. From our questionnaire two trust factors are derived and distinguished, using factor analysis: general trust and kinship trust. Farm households are less likely to contribute to public goods when they perceive more secure land rights, but trust has mixed effects on public goods. The results show that general trust and kinship trust may rely on two opposite effects for influencing public goods provision. On the one hand, high levels of general trust may directly enhance people's willingness to provide contributions to public goods (by reduced likelihood to reconvert forest land) when farmers are aware of the positive environmental effects of the program, that's the public goods effect. On the other hand, general trust may also make it more likely that people invest more in their own private goods to pursue their own welfare (a more likely reconversion of forest land to arable land), that's the private goods effect. The final outcome depends on the size and direction of both effects. Compared to general trust, kinship trust is more inward-looking and self- or group-interested compared to more reciprocal general trust. Thus, unlike general trust, kinship trust may have no significant public goods effect on the provisioning of public goods.