地方财政体制权责不对称问题研究

地方财政体制权责不对称已经成为分税制后我国地方财政管理体制运行中的一个较为突出的问题。主要表现为：事权划分原则性不强且缺乏法制化基础导致了政府间事权下移，地方政府级次过多与“倒轧账”式的分税模式引起了地方政府间财权上移，转移支付制度不规范造成了地方政府间财力差距日益扩大。为此，我们应选择相应的治理对策来完善我国地方财政体制。     

基于供应链的中小企业运输方式研究

根据中小企业实际情况,提出了一个简单适用且经济的基于供应链的中小企业运输方式,即在供应链内,企业在运输途中采取顺便搭载链内的其他企业货物的一种混载组合运输方法,以达到运输的经济规模。     

泰国城市化过程及其启示

20世纪60年代以来,泰国经济迅速发展,但城市化的进程却相对滞后.由于历史、政策以及政治体制等多方面原因,泰国在城市化过程中出现了城乡发展不协调、城市规模等级体系畸形化、贫民窟等严重的城市问题.泰国城市化过程的经验和教训对如何实现城乡协调和可持续发展具有重要的借鉴意义.对于发展中国家城市化而言,政府更应该重视优化城市层级,赋予城市一定的自治权,尊重农民的地方性知识并努力缩小城乡教育水平的差距.     

Prizes for basic research: Human capital,economic might and the shadow of history

We study the distribution of basic scientific research across countries and time, and explain the process that resulted in the United States becoming the undisputed leader in basic research. Our study is based on the records of scientific awards, and on the data of global economic trends. We investigate the degree to which scale/threshold effects account for the number of prizes won. We constructed a stylized model, predicting a non-linear relationship with lagged relative GDP as an important explanatory variable of a country’s share of prizes. Our empirical research findings find support for these predictions and the presence of a “winner-takes-all” effect.      

Analysis and Forecast of the State of Environmental Protection in Russia

The main purpose of the present study is to analyse the emission dynamics of atmospheric and water pollutants in Russia and cost of their removal in the 1980s and early 1990s, and to forecast them by means of a Dynamic Input–Output Model according to different scenarios of future economic development till 1998. Main results of the work are:– methodological principles have been elaborated for singling out the environmental protection sector within the national economy;– a method has been offered for including the ecological block into a Dynamic Input–Output Model of the Russian economy;– a method of data preparation has been elaborated for the ecological block of the above-named model, the data base which characterizes the ecological situation in Russia has been formed and analysed;– calculations for 1994–1998 have been executed for forecasting the economic and ecological development of Russia using the above-mentioned model and the results obtained have been analysed. The results showed that if the existing tendencies towards low environmental protection capital costs remain the same, then the negative environmental impact will increase. In order to implement ecological programs and international agreements, to increase the proportion of removed pollutants, it is necessary to increase substantially expenditures on purifying water and air resources. The proportion of environmental protection investments in the total amount of the national economy capital costs should increase by up to 12–40% according to different scenarios of the economic development and different purposes of the environmental protection policy.     

关于完善地方税体系的探讨

地方税体系是分税制财政管理体制的重要组成部分，是我国目前在理论和实践中尚未解决好的问题，提出了完善地方税体系应坚持的原则，在原则指导下，借鉴国外的经验，合理划分中央和地方税收管理权限，科学界定税种归属；优化地方税制结构，完善地方税体系。     

基于行政学原理的区域旅游不合作研究

随着世界经济全球化和一体化不断深化,区域经济的集团化、合作化趋势日益增强,区域旅游也不例外。但是,在我国区域旅游合作迅猛发展的过程中,区域旅游不合作仍是一个较为突出的现象或问题。运用行政学的相关原理,在列举出几个典型的区域旅游不合案例并对之进行分析的基础上,提出了解决对策建议。     

基于BP神经网络的我国M2/GDP预测与对策

本文计算了1993年至2005年我国M2/GDP,发现该数据总体呈上升趋势,这一定程度上反映了我国体制上的深层次问题。另外,本文运用带有动量项和自适应学习率的BP神经网络方法预测出我国2006年的M2/GDP是1.6386左右,并提出了一些相应的政策建议。     

一种灵活的ADO方式的SQL Server数据连接方法

在基于SQLServer数据系统的C/S开发中,大多数的开发平台与数据库的连接在应用中使用的是固定参数的连接模式,灵活性很差,对于服务器端的可维护性(如服务器更名,IP地址的改变,多数据库系统混合应用等)变得越来越弱,同时维护成本也随之提升,有的甚至服务器系统安装完毕后除了数据备份之外便一直不作任何变动,在安全性和数据库系统混合运用上形成很多不兼容的问题。本文提供了一种基于TCP/IP的客户机与SQLServer连接方法(使用VB开发环境描述),使得无论服务端还是客户端的维护和应用具备高度灵活性也便于安全性维护,同时这种方法也适应于广域网环境的应用。     

基于UML及B/S架构网上选课系统的设计与实现

利用系统用例图、类图及对象顺序图的实例介绍了UML建模技术,并运用B/S架构及ASP技术讨论了网上选课系统的实现。