民主政治与社会和谐

社会和谐问题的关键,是搞好以民主法治为中心的国家治理。中国的制度变迁是经济和社会层面的变迁,是自上而下推动的改革型的变迁,在由权力集中到权力分散的制度转型过程中,稳中求进是中国实现社会和谐的经验总结,制度的设计不宜过于完美。民主政治是社会和谐的前提和归宿,是执政合法性的来源,没有民主政治就没有和谐社会。     

突发公共卫生事件的 应急医疗资源配置研究——基于网格化管理和大数据平台

应急医疗资源是应对突发公共卫生事件最重要的物质基础和保障。在对前人研究进行总结的基础上,分析了目前我国在突发公共卫生事件时应急医疗资源调配机制的不足和网格化管理应用到资源配置中的可行性和优越性,以此将大数据平台和网格化管理模式引入到应急医疗资源的配置研究中。在对应急医疗资源的配置过程进行网格化模型设计的基础上,根据我国应急医疗资源配置的需要和特点,确定了网格系统中的基本单元,即网格划分,并选择五层沙漏模型作为突发公共卫生事件时应急医疗资源配置的网格模型架构,以期完善我国的应急资源管理体系,进一步提高我国在突发公共卫生事件时应急医疗资源的调配和管理水平。     

莆田市发展“医养一体化”服务模式的对策研究

随着银色浪潮来袭,如何养老已成为我国各城市重点关注的问题。将医疗机构、养老机构、社区医疗服务中心当中的医疗资源与养老资源进行共享交流,搭建“医养一体化”平台,是我国养老服务的发展趋势。论文研究了莆田市如何突破传统养老方式的局限性,推行“医养一体化”服务模式,探讨“医养一体化”平台的搭建对策。     

新税法背景下的企业会计税务筹划措施分析

现代企业发展应维持较高财务内控能力,尤其在新税法大力推广后,企业需要对会计税务情况加以筹划,提升对发展目标的明确性。会计税务筹划良好开展,可将企业税负压力减轻,能帮助企业将利益最大化,提升企业竞争力。论文对会计税务筹划的概念加以分析,并结合企业发展契机,讨论其筹划应用意义,针对企业在新税法推广后的会计财务筹划现状,提出筹划中的可行性措施,以此降低企业税负压力,让企业具备发展新动力。     

普惠型医疗保险发展:实践困境与优化方向

近年来,普惠型医疗保险成为多层次医疗保障体系发展的一大热点。文章首先介绍了中国普惠型医疗保险的发展现状及主要特点,其次通过对国内部分保险公司线上及线下调研,发现当前普惠型医疗保险发展面临配套法律法规有待健全、市场认可度普遍偏低、可持续经营能力不强、保险效果低水平重复、相关主体联动不足等困境。进一步分析美国、英国、德国、新加坡相关经验,提出具体的优化路径:以优化顶层设计为立足点,提高保险规制水平;以强化市场环境建设为切入点,提升市场认可度;以优化运行模式为突破点,激发保险生命力;以设计差异化产品为关键点,强化保险增补性;以建立联通机制为动力点,提高相关主体协同度。     

Mortality,Human Capital and Persistent Inequality

Available evidence suggests high intergenerational correlation of economic status and persistent disparities in health status between the rich and the poor. This paper proposes a mechanism linking the two. We introduce health capital into a two-period overlapping generations model. Private health investment improves the probability of surviving from the first period of life to the next and, along with education, enhances an individual’s labor productivity. Poorer parents are of poor health, unable to invest much in reducing mortality risk and improving their human capital. Consequently, they leave less for their progeny. Despite convex preferences and technologies, initial differences in economic and health status may perpetuate across generations when annuities markets are imperfect.Additional support was provided by the National Science Foundation. Additional support was provided by the National Science Foundation.     

Altruism and the Economic Values of Environmental and Social Policies

Altruism is a type of non-use value which can have different definitions depending on the type of goods entering the utility function of the altruists and their expectations about the contributions of others. The purpose of this paper is to measure the trade-offs between different types of altruist values originating from social and environmental policies. Environmental policies are concerned with reducing health effects from a power plant while social policies involve both the attainment of public facilities for education and leisure and an increase in the income of the affected population. The empirical application utilizes a choice experiment technique which allows for valuation of multiple goods. Health effects are decomposed into the values of the risk of becoming ill, the duration of the episodes and the limitations imposed by illness. Altruist values are elicited from a population that is not affected by pollution. Results show that altruism is significant for policies directed to reducing health effects and improving the income level of the affected population, whereas there is egoism for a policy aimed at improving public facilities in the polluted suburb. The value of altruism is significantly influenced by the expectations of net benefits to be received by the affected population.     

基于供应链管理的企业营销渠道创新

传统渠道链的内在缺陷和新竞争模式的外在压力迫使企业必须通过渠道创新以获得新的利润和竞争力。本文在借鉴供应链管理优势的基础上,从组织结构、成员关系和管理模式创新三方面入手,提出渠道构建的逆向模式,以实现渠道的系统优化及各成员的长远利益最大,并使得市场的覆盖更为有效。     

加速城市建设应注意的几个问题

目前,我国城市化进程不断加快,城市数量增加,规模扩大,成效显著.但是,也必须清醒地看到,城市建设工作中的短期行为和浮躁之风相当严重,应当引起人们的高度重视.本文认为,城市规模扩张必须以产业支撑为前提,不能搞空壳城市;城市公共设施建设慎向民资伸手,不能滥用市场化手段;居民区搬迁改造应多些人文关怀,不能一拆了之;应遵循城市发展的客观规律,正确处理城市建设中的几个关系问题.     

我国农业生态系统营养循环链的断裂与重建

完整的营养循环是农业生态系统健康、可持续发展的重要保障。我国传统农业属于环境友好型生态农业。农业生态系统的营养循环结构完整，持续健康、繁荣。但是，随着工业化、城市化、市场经济的发展以及农业耕作方式的转变，农业生态系统营养循环的结构遭到严重破坏，导致一系列资源、环境、经济与社会问题。通过秸秆还田以及城市生活废弃物（排泄物、厨房垃圾等）向农业生态系统的返还，重建农业生态系统完整的营养循环，是我国农业生态系统持续健康发展的必由之路。