董事会的独立性是否影响公司绩效?

在董事会和公司绩效的研究框架内,代理理论和乘员理论就独立董事比例的绩效后果产生了分歧,前者认为独立董事通过降低代理成本促进绩效,后者则认为董事会效率会因独立董事比例的提高而下降。利用中国资本市场的数据,本文系统地检验了董事会独立性和公司绩效的关系,为这一争议提供了证据。研究发现,独立董事比例和公司绩效显著正相关,这种相关性在控制内生性问题后仍然成立,并且发现当大股东缺乏制衡时,独立董事比例对公司绩效的促进作用会显著降低,这一结果表明代理理论对中国资本市场的公司治理更具解释力。我们还进一步就独立董事的背景和公司绩效的关系进行了检验,研究发现独立董事的声誉能够显著地促进公司绩效,而其行业专长、政治关系以及经济管理背景与公司绩效并无相关性。     

The role of accelerators in firm survival: An fsQCA analysis of Italian startups

Accelerators are a recent yet rapidly growing phenomenon within entrepreneurial ecosystems. The distinctive characteristics exhibited by accelerators, relative to previous incubation models, imply that accelerators may play a different role and have a different impact on the survival rates of participating firms. In this study, we explore the relationship between participation in an accelerator program and firm survival using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) with key variables related to firm survival. We analyze 38 accelerated startups from five Italian accelerators and a control group of 38 non-accelerated Italian startups. Our findings support the business accelerator literature that regards accelerators as a new and distinct generation of business incubators. Our results suggest that participation in accelerator programs on its own does not influence firm survival. However, we found a relationship between firm survival and accelerated technology-based firms that do not export and between firm survival and accelerated firms in the service sector with a small team that do not export. We conclude that factors affecting the survival of accelerated firms are different from factors affecting the survival of incubated firms, providing further evidence of the characteristics that distinguish accelerators from incubators.     

CORPORATE TAX AVOIDANCE: A LITERATURE REVIEW AND RESEARCH AGENDA

Tax avoidance can range from reduction of the corporate tax burden by legitimate use of tax rules to violation of tax laws. In this paper, we endeavor to synthesize the major findings of tax avoidance research from the accounting and finance literatures over the past ten years. We consider theoretical developments and the related empirical findings about the interconnected issues of measuring tax avoidance, and the possible causes and outcomes of corporate tax avoidance. We present some ideas for further research to examine underexplored topics regarding tax avoidance.     

股权性质、环境不确定性与技术资本配置效率

技术转化为资本,资本创造价值已经成为共识,技术资本在不同公司创造价值的作用程度不同,根源是技术资本配置效率问题。选取沪深两市2008-2013年间制造业上市公司为样本,检验了基于不同股权性质的公司环境不确定性对企业技术资本配置效率和价值的影响,研究结果表明：①企业环境不确定性程度越高,技术资本配置效率越低,并且技术资本配置偏离度在国有公司中表现为配置过度,在非国有公司表现为配置不足;②在股权性质为国有的公司中,由环境不确定性引发的技术资本配置偏离将降低企业价值,在非国有控股公司中,由环境不确定性导致的技术资本配置偏离将增加企业价值。     

Knowledge capital,CEO power,and firm value: Evidence from the IT industry

Disruptive innovation dramatically changes the demand of a product market in the information technology (IT) industry. In response to the impact of disruptive innovation, IT firms that may be eliminated from the competitive race actively develop innovative products and adjust their operating strategies to strengthen their survivability in the fiercely competitive market. Thus, this study explores the factors that affect firm value in the IT industry under the impact of disruptive innovation. The empirical results reveal that knowledge capital and CEO power play crucial roles in explaining firm value. IT firms with powerful CEOs and increased knowledge capital have high firm values. The effects of knowledge capital and CEO power on firm value are especially significant for founder and duality CEO firms. Furthermore, the influence of CEO power is more prominent in periods of financial crisis.     

Individual stock sentiment beta and stock returns

Using the data in Chinese stock market, we measure the individual stock sentiment beta, which is defined as the sensitivity of individual stock returns to the individual stock sentiment changes. We demonstrate that stocks in the highest individual stock sentiment beta portfolio have significantly higher excess returns, CAPM alpha, Fama-French three-factor alpha and Fama-French five-factor alpha. Besides, we find that the high individual stock sentiment beta stocks are smaller, younger, more volatile stocks with higher price and higher market beta. After controlling for firm characteristic, the returns of High-Low individual stock sentiment beta portfolios are still significantly positive. Moreover, we show the effect of the individual stock sentiment beta on stock returns is positive and significant in different stock markets, in different sample periods, and in bull and bear market. Besides, the results of the Bayes-Stein individual stock sentiment beta are still stable.     

创业企业何以提高创新绩效——基于创业学习与商业模式创新协同联动视角的QCA方法

以150个创业企业为样本,基于创业学习和商业模式创新理论,运用模糊集定性比较分析方法（fsQCA）,探究经验学习、认知学习、新颖型商业模式创新和效率型商业模式创新对创新绩效的影响路径及机制。研究发现,存在新颖型商业模式创新等4条创新绩效产出关键路径;相较于效率型商业模式创新,新颖型商业模式创新在关键路径中更容易提高创新绩效;利用QCA方法证实了影响创业企业创新绩效的组态内部各要素之间的替代性。结论丰富了创新绩效产出内部机制,可为创业企业提高创新绩效提供指导和借鉴。     

高管过度自信、研发投入跳跃与企业绩效——来自中国上市公司的经验证据

基于间断平衡理论和高阶梯队理论,以2007-2017年中国沪深两市902家制造企业为样本,实证分析研发投入跳跃对企业绩效的影响以及高管过度自信的调节作用。结果显示：研发投入正向跳跃和负向跳跃均有助于提升企业绩效,高管过度自信正向调节研发投入跳跃与企业绩效间的关系。引入高管过度自信这一重要高管特征作为调节变量,有助于重新认识管理者心理偏差对企业创新行为和绩效的影响,较好地弥补了研发投入跳跃对企业绩效影响机制的研究空缺,丰富了创新间断平衡理论研究。研究表明,企业应重视高管心理特征的影响并结合自身实际情况,合理选择研发投入策略以改善企业绩效。     

动态能力、企业规模与双元创新关系研究——基于fsQCA方法的实证分析

对186家企业问卷数据进行模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA),探寻3种类型动态能力和企业规模等因素对双元创新的组合效应以及不同因素之间的互动关系。研究发现,分别存在两种等效路径支撑中国企业实现探索式创新和利用式创新;吸收能力作为核心条件存在,联合不同水平的机会识别、资源拼凑和企业规模,大大提高企业实现双元创新的可能性;此外,资源拼凑兼具探索性和利用性双重特征,联合机会识别促进双元创新,其中,资源丰裕的大规模企业更具优势。采用QCA构型研究方法,推动了企业创新行为选择的因果逻辑性研究,从单维视角向多维交互的整体视角转变,明确了各种类型动态能力与双元创新之间的关系以及不同能力间的依赖/替代关系。     

家族企业创业导向与企业成长：社会情感财富与制度环境的调节作用

旨在研究家族企业创业导向对企业成长的影响,并探讨社会情感财富和制度环境在二者之间的调节作用。运用8个省份家族企业问卷调查数据进行分析检验,结果表明：①家族企业创业导向对企业成长具有显著正向影响;②社会情感财富不同对家族企业创业导向与企业成长关系的影响不同,家族控制正向调节家族企业创业导向与企业成长关系,家族代际传承意愿负向调节家族企业创业导向与企业成长关系,即随着家族控制意愿的增强或家族代际传承意愿的降低,家族企业创业导向对企业成长的影响增大;③制度环境正向调节家族企业创业导向与企业成长关系,即随着制度环境的改善,家族企业创业导向对企业成长的影响增大。