新闻基本偏向：当前市场经济语境下劣质报道分析——再论商务传播

本文借鉴美国学者富勒的"新闻报道基本偏向"的观点,对当下中国市场经济语境下劣质新闻报道的现象进行了类型分析、成因探究,指出了当前市场经济转型过程中相关法律约束与道德规范的缺失与劣质新闻中基本偏向趋势存在正相关的因果关系.     

陕西高中生英语词汇习得模式倾向性研究

以陕西省高中学生为研究对象进行的英语词汇习得模式倾向性研究的结果表明:高中学生在英语词汇习得过程中存在工具书选择失当,过度依赖翻译与重复策略,对社会/情感策略运用和重视不够等倾向。教师在教学中应加强指导,丰富学生词汇习得策略。     

Economic Benefits Resulting From Irrigation Water Use: Theory and an Application to Groundwater Use

Traditional economic analysis using a crop production function approachhas assumed that all variable factors, including irrigation water, arefully employed in the crop production process. However, this paper firstdemonstrates that economic benefits of irrigation water areoverestimated when the crop production function, and therefore theirrigation water demand function, is expressed in terms of irrigationwater supplied, rather than consumptive irrigation water use. Second,the paper demonstrates that the magnitude of the estimation bias isproportional to the rate of irrigation water losses through leaching,runoff and evaporation. Consequently, the model misspecification problemwould lead to increased irrigation water use and reduce incentives forfarmers to adopt improved irrigation technologies.     

Changes in Global Trade Patterns and Women's Employment in Manufacturing, 1995–2011

This study investigates the feminization and defeminization trends in manufacturing employment in thirty countries from 1995 to 2011. Utilizing two separate methods, structural decomposition analysis (SDA) and factor content analysis (FCA), the study identifies the major industries and trade partners behind the structural shifts in trade that have induced changes in employment and thus in the rates of women’s employment. The findings highlight that, as a general trend, defeminization in manufacturing has persisted in the Global North, led by a negative trade impact in low-technology industries. In the Global South, feminization and defeminization trends are not as straightforward. Despite positive changes in women’s share of employment in medium-high- and high-technology industries, negative gender bias effects of trade changes are found particularly in high-technology industries, where occupations are notably gendered.     

The Neutrality Illusion: Biased Economics,Biased Training,and Biased Monetary Policy. Testing the Role of Ideology on FOMC Voting Behaviour

This research is trying to shed light on two myths that are usually widespread: the first one being the idea of the academic economist as a neutral scientist finding uncontestable consensual truths, thanks to uncontestable empirical methods, the second, the idea of the central banker as a Weberian neutral bureaucrat setting aside personal beliefs to act mechanically for the common good. Deconstructing this ‘neutrality illusion’, this work argues that economics is actually a divided and ideologically marked discipline despite its aim at natural-science-type-legitimacy. It argues in a related discussion that such ideological bias also impedes a purely neutral conduct of monetary policy, undermining the very idea of central bank independence. Linking these two arguments, it argues that graduate training in economics is the first place for the formation of biased preferences, because of the substantial ideological sorting that exists across universities. Using a unique database on FOMC members’ votes and ideology, the paper tests this idea empirically and despite unavoidable caveats, finds robust evidence of a systematic impact of the ideological features of their alma mater on FOMC members’ voting behaviour – impact that we found more important than the other traditional determinants of central bankers’ actions.     

Beyond the flat rate bias: The flexibility effect in tariff choice

Flat rates are a prominent pricing scheme for telecommunications services and are often preferred by consumers although average costs would be lower in an alternative usage-based tariff. Reasons are that flat rates protect against unexpectedly high costs (insurance effect), are more likely to be chosen if actual usage is overestimated (overestimation effect), and prevent any disutility that is associated with the immediate perception of marginal costs (taximeter effect). This study complements the literature on tariff biases by highlighting that a lack of tariff flexibility is a major impediment to choosing a flat rate: empirical support for this flexibility effect is found, while, at the same time, the insurance and overestimation effect that run in favor of flat rates are confirmed. Finally, the managerial implications of the findings for the introduction of the new cost cap tariff are discussed. The hybrid cost cap tariff can combine the flexibility and the insurance property, and may, therefore, exert a cost cap bias on consumers.     

财政分权与投资偏好的地方政府行为——基于省级面板数据的实证研究

1994年,中国政府通过分税制对财政分权制度进行了重大调整,改变了地方政府的行为约束和激励,我们观察到地方政府出现偏好投资的现象。为此,通过构建数理模型并提出两个假说,然后使用28个省份1994～2008年间的面板数据对财政分权与投资偏好的地方政府行为进行实证检验。结果发现,中央政府对地方官员任职控制力越强,地方官员的投资偏好就越大;在保持财政事权不变条件下,地方政府在财政分权中所占份额越小,其发展经济和增加投资的偏好也越大。     

“工薪族”金融投资理财行为差异分析——基于河南省1685份问卷的抽样调查

"工薪族"已经成为我国商业银行重要的理财细分市场客户群体。为分析我国"工薪族"客户金融投资理财行为和投资理财需求差异,以河南省8个市县地区为样本,采用分层随机抽样法选取近2 000名"工薪族"理财客户进行了问卷调查。调查结果表明:绝大多数"工薪族"属于风险厌恶型投资者,偏好风险较低的金融资产;但是,"工薪族"的负债比例却较高且集中在房屋和汽车等方面;中高收入地区"工薪族"更偏好理财产品,而低收入地区"工薪族"更偏好银行储蓄;低收入地区"工薪族"在投资理财时存在更为明显的从众行为。     

Who votes for public environmental goods in California?: Evidence from a spatial analysis of voting for environmental ballot measures

Voting referenda provide direct evidence of the demand for public goods. A number of previous studies have used referenda to analyze the support for public environmental goods. These studies have used aggregate data from large jurisdictional units (usually counties) and summary income measures such as the mean or median, and have usually found that higher income areas offer greater support for environmental propositions. We examine environmental referenda voting in California using census block group data, spatial dependence controls, and detailed income distribution data. We find that household income has a negative marginal effect on environmental referenda voting for most of the income range when using census block data. In addition, controls for spatial dependence significantly reduce the magnitude of most coefficients. This suggests that OLS estimates of referenda determinants are biased. We also show that county level data may be subject to severe aggregation bias and might not be appropriate for referenda studies.