International purchasing offices in China: A dynamic evolution model

The salience of the international purchasing office (IPO) in the management of international sourcing activities of multinational corporations (MNCs) has steadily increased, in developed and emerging economies, since the first adoption of this supply chain strategy in the 1980s. The aim of this paper is to develop an activity/role-based evolution model for IPOs, employing multiple case studies: 14 MNCs’ IPOs in China, studied by British, Italian, and Chinese scholars. Applying role theory in a global purchasing context, we identify eight routine roles and four strategic roles played by IPOs and propose that IPOs could lead an MNC's global sourcing in a geographical region. We challenge the unilinear and sequential nature of existing global sourcing process models and propose a dynamic evolution model, consisting of five stages differentiated by number, depth, and breadth of roles, in which IPOs could leapfrog some stages, re-trench (move back to lower stages) and be potentially withdrawn. Finally, we conclude that the stage of an IPO is determined by the strategic importance of China to its parent company.     

我国新股发行制度改革的困境及出路

新股发行体制改革已成为中国证监会最近两年资本市场创新与改革的重点任务。IPO定价的准确性,直接关系到资本市场优化资源配置功能的发挥。为此,2009年6月,中国证监会发布《关于进一步改革和完善新股发行体制的指导意见》,改革的主要内容是＂在新股定价方面,完善询价和申购的报价约束机制,淡化行政指导,形成进一步市场化的价格形成机制＂,经过一年多的实践检验,新股发行现存问题主要是：定价市盈率偏高;资金超募,首次公开发行新股几乎全部超募;询价对象报价整体偏高,还有待深入改革。     

创业投资IPO偏低定价与退出绩效实证研究

本文以1993～2006年在香港主板和创业板上市的133家H股公司为研究对象，对其偏低定价和短长期绩效情况进行了实证分析。研究表明，创业投资支持的公司的IPO偏低定价程度低于非创业投资支持的公司。创业投资支持的公司在香港主板市场的IPO偏低定价程度、长短期绩效均低于香港创业板市场，且在香港主板上市后的长期绩效呈不断下降趋势。在香港主板市场上，退出绩效与IPO偏低定价显著负相关。对创业投资支持的公司来说，在热发行期退出将获得更好的绩效。     

Voluntary Disclosure with Informed Trading in the IPO Market

We examine voluntary disclosure and capital investment by an informed manager in an initial public offering (IPO) in the presence of informed and uninformed investors. We find that in equilibrium, disclosure is more forthcoming—and investment efficiency is lower—when a greater fraction of the investment community is already informed. Moreover, managers disclose more information when the likelihood of an information event is higher, more equity is issued, or the cost of information acquisition is lower. Investment efficiency and the expected level of underpricing are non‐monotonic in the likelihood that the manager is privately informed.     

基于非参数估计的GMDH算法模型及其在股票发行定价中的应用研究

新股发行定价是股票市场的一个重要环节,为了适应市场化的定价机制,研究科学的新股定价模型,本文结合我国证券市场的实际情况,考虑影响新股定价的诸多因素,将非参数估计与GMDH算法结合,研究股票发行定价。实证结果表明,基于非参数估计的GMDH算法模型能有效的估计新股发行价格。     

论核准制下IPO之信息披露

该文依据股票发行由审批制转变为核准制的新情况，围绕核准制下招股说明书编报规则，着重说明和阐述信息披露的基本原则和具体内容，以保证核准制的正常实施。     

IPO发行方式的国际比较及启示

本文通过对国际上常用的IPO发行方式比较认为:进一步完善我国市场化发行方式的启示和建议有:构建良性的市场微观主体(积极培育理性的发行市场主体;大力培育具有长期投资理念的机构投资者);积极推行累计投标方式和竞价方式;在新股首次公开发行中继续引入超额配售选择权等。     

Does the Presence of Venture Capitalists Improve the Survival Profile of IPO Firms?

The role of venture capital in the creation of the public corporation is now widely recognized. This study investigates whether venture capitalists add value to the going public process by improving the survival profile of IPO issuers. The survival of IPO issuers is not only likely to depend on managerial actions but also on the effectiveness of key market participants such as investment bankers and analysts. The form and function of the venture capital industry allows venture capitalists to influence the actions of managers, investment bankers, and analysts, and attract institutional interest. Conducting survival analyses using the Cox hazard methodology, we find that the involvement of venture capitalists improves the survival profile of IPO firms. Several other variables that are potentially influenced by VC involvement like R&D allocations, analyst following, investment banker prestige, and success on road shows are also positively related to the survival time of IPO issuers.     

中国A股市场IPO抑价现象分析

首次公开发行(IPO)抑价是世界各国股票市场普遍存在的一种现象,而这种现象在中国A股市场又显得十分突出。本文从理论和结合我国实际情况的角度对可能与我国A股市场发行抑价率相关的一些因素及造成高发行抑价率的根本原因做一简要的经济学分析,并针对我国证券市场的新股发行高抑价提出了相关的政策建议。     

Ownership Structure and IPO Underpricing

Abstract:   Stoughton and Zechner (1998) and Brennan and Franks (1997) argue that underpricing can be employed to determine post IPO ownership structure, and thereby to influence monitoring and/or control of the company post issue. This paper employs unique data relating to shareholdings of firms listing on the London Stock Exchange, and provides compelling evidence that IPO underpricing does not arise from efforts to determine the ownership structure of the post IPO firm. It is suggested that research is directed elsewhere to find an answer to the underpricing phenomenon, and for means other than IPO underpricing to affect post IPO ownership structure.