中国制造业企业开放式创新行为及影响因素

开放式创新行为对提高企业创新绩效有显著影响。基于2012年世界银行调查数据,对中国企业开放式创新行为影响因素进行了实证分析。研究表明：①企业开放式创新行为在区域、行业上分布不均;②竞争对手情况、信息技术支持度、数据软件共享度、产品出口、产品销售范围等对研发合作有显著正向影响;③高管工作经历、竞争者数量、信息技术支持度等对企业创新开放度有显著正向影响。     

ICT-based market information and adoption of agricultural seed technologies: Insights from Uganda

Access to ICT-based market information is crucial to the adoption of agricultural seed technologies for maize, beans and groundnut and to improve smallholder farmer yields and income. This ICT-based market information is provided by FM radio stations and by market information centers through media such as mobile phones and internet facilities, etc. Factors that positively affect the probability of access to ICT-based market information include access to microfinance loans, membership in a farmer association, government awareness campaigns, and wealth. Distance to the trading centers or district capital negatively affects this access. The likelihood of access to ICT-based market information declines with female-headed households. Access to market information has a positive and significant impact on the intensity of adopting improved seed for all crops. Adoption of improved seed has a positive and significant effect on farm yields and gross farm returns. This research shows that in order to generate meaningful improvements in food security and farm incomes, there must be commensurate efforts to promote ICT-based market information along with yield-augmenting agricultural seed technologies.     

我国企业R&D资金管理能力测度指标体系与实证分析

针对我国R&D资金管理现状,应用因子分析理论提出一个企业R&D资金管理能力测度的指标体系。用因子分析模型确定影响企业R&D资金管理能力的主要因子,进而对我国1991-2007年大中型企业R&D资金管理状况进行实证分析,为我国企业增强R&D资金管理能力,提高技术创新能力提供依据。     

"要素所有权"与"要素贡献"--论"按要素分配"问题的实质与衡量标准

我国实行的按生产要素分配，是根据不同生产要素的所有权关系，以及这些不同生产要素在财富的生产中所作的贡献产生的一种分配形式。“要素所有权”是生产方式的前提和起点，它决定生产资料和社会成员在各生产部门间的分配，是“按要素分配”原则存在的依据，“要素贡献”是按要素分配原则的最终决定因素。在按要素分配理论中，正确认识“要素所有权”与“要素贡献”两者间的内在联系和区别，是理解按生产要素分配问题的关键所在。     

不良贷款约束下的中国银行业全要素生产率增长研究

本文运用共同边界Malmquist-Luenberger生产率指数测度了2004—2009年中国27家商业银行在不良贷款约束下的全要素生产率增长及其成分,并对影响全要素生产率增长的宏观经济因素进行了实证分析。本文的主要结论有:在表示偏离共同边界的技术落差比率方面,国有商业银行呈"V"型,股份制商业银行较平稳,城市商业银行逐步上升;总体上,中国银行业的全要素生产率是进步的,纯技术进步是推动全要素生产率进步的主要动力,纯技术效率变化和规模效率变化进步都不明显,技术规模变化显示中国银行业趋向CRS边界;股份制商业银行的纯技术赶超最优,而潜在技术相对变动方面表现较弱;外资银行进入和固定资产投资增加对银行全要素生产率提高有推动作用。     

论税收对要素收入分配的影响

我国自1994年分税制改革以来,一方面税收收入保持高速增长,另一方面国民收入分配格局发生显著变化——劳动要素分配份额迅速下滑,资本要素分配份额逐渐上升。本文的理论分析表明,税收通过替代效应和收入效应影响要素收入分配,前者改变了生产中要素相对投入比例,从而改变了税前要素收益率,后者则是通过直接税影响到税后要素收益率。本文利用系统GMM估计进行的实证分析表明,我国税收对要素收入分配具有明显影响:就直接税而言,企业所得税降低了资本分配份额,个人所得税中对劳动征税部分降低了劳动分配份额;就间接税而言,增值税明显降低劳动分配份额但对资本分配份额的影响不明显,营业税明显降低资本分配份额而对劳动分配份额的影响不明显。因此,如果从有利于调整要素收入分配格局角度考虑,我国有必要进一步调整现行税收政策、完善税收制度。     

中国不同所有制工业企业经济发展的比较研究

基于《中国统计年鉴》（2010）的数据,采用因子分析法对中国31个省市的国有、私营、外商投资工业企业经济发展情况予以统计排序,并进行了区域内部和区域之间的比较研究。分析结果显示,各省市内部国有工业企业、私营工业企业和外商投资工业企业经济的发展存在不协调性,不同所有制工业企业在各省市的优先发展情况可以划分为六种类型;各省市之间工业企业经济的发展存在不均衡性,国有工业企业、私营工业企业和外商投资工业企业的经济发展水平符合中国区域经济东强西弱的总体特征;东、中、西部国有、私营和外商投资工业企业经济发展呈现出各自的特征：东部的国有工业企业发展相对滞后：中部的外商投资_X=lk企业发展相对缓慢;西部的内蒙古、陕西、四川的工业企业经济发展速度比较快。     

合肥市旅游饭店经营现状评价分析

本文首先分析了合肥市旅游饭店业的发展现状,指出合肥市旅游饭店业在整个安徽省旅游业发展中的重要地位。在此基础上,从企业规模、经济效益与经济贡献、成本与费用三大方面构建了评价指标体系,运用主成分分析法和因子分析法对合肥市旅游饭店09年经营数据加以分析,从而对合肥市旅游饭店的发展现状进行了客观评价,对旅游饭店竞争力的提高有一定的指导作用。     

Public and private healthcare services: What drives the choice?

This paper has explored patients' propensity to consume private healthcare services. We based our analysis on the typical tangible and intangible (for instance, responsiveness, reliability, assurance and staff empathy) domains of the SERVQUAL and SERVPERF methods. These variables may influence patients' decision-making when they choose between the public and private sectors. We combined factor analysis (to obtain a set of latent factors related to perceived quality) and a partial proportional ordered logit model to estimate the probability that a patient would access private healthcare services. To test the main hypotheses, we used data from a stratified sample in Sardinia, a peripheral region of Italy. Findings revealed that private and public healthcare are substitutes, especially for primary/specialised services. Patients who used public healthcare frequently and had a low income were unlikely to change to private healthcare or to recommend private services. ‘Responsiveness’ and perceptions on ‘tangibles’ were key in determining the probability that a patient would choose and recommend private services. This paper offers a multifaceted framework that can be used in future research to generalise these findings, especially in insular regions that are constrained by mobility.     

Waste of money or growth opportunity: The causal effect of EU subsidies on Hungarian SMEs

Although EU subsidies aiming at economic development play a pivotal role not only for Hungary but for the entire European Union as well, there is a debate regarding their effectiveness in the literature. This paper investigates the impact of direct economic development subsidies extended in the context of Structural Funds and the Cohesion Fund as part of the 2007–2013 programming period of the European Union on Hungarian micro, small and medium-sized enterprises. Based on a micro database, we evaluate the impact of corporates’ first subsidies on various performance indicators, using a combination of propensity score matching and fixed effects panel regression. According to our results, economic development funds had a significant positive effect on the number of employees, sales revenue, gross value added and, in some cases, operating profit. However, the labour productivity of enterprises was not significantly affected by any of the support schemes. Furthermore, by explicitly comparing non-refundable subsidies (grants) and refundable assistance (financial instruments), we find that there is no significant difference in the effectiveness of the two types of subsidy.