工薪所得税筹划与企业创新

本文结合我国工薪所得税税负较重及实施创新驱动发展战略的现实背景,探讨工薪所得税筹划是否以及如何对企业创新产生影响。研究发现:(1)工薪所得税筹划程度与企业创新显著正相关;(2)员工应税压力越大,二者正相关关系越显著,且2011年个人所得税税制改革会抑制二者之间的正向关系,表明纳税筹划主要通过降低工薪税负的不利影响,强化薪酬的激励效应,进而促进企业创新;(3)当公司为国有企业或公司处在税收征管强度较大的地区时,二者的正向关系更强;(4)当企业人均薪酬波动较大时,二者的正向关系削弱;(5)当创新员工更有可能是避税行为的受益者时,二者的正相关关系更强。本研究对于降低工薪阶层税负,以及如何提高企业创新意愿,实现创新驱动发展战略,具有重要的理论和现实意义。     

股东对创新投入的反应：股权激励异质性的信号作用

以我国2017—2019年沪深两市A股实施股权激励的上市企业为样本,基于股东视角分析股东对创新投入信息的反应,探讨这一反应在股权高度集中时的变化,并考察高管团队股权激励异质性因素向股东传递信号的机制。结果表明,创新投入与股东反应正相关;股权集中度正向调节创新投入与股东反应的关系;股权激励异质性负向调节创新投入与股东反应的关系,且该效应在民企中更加显著;经营风险是股权激励异质性负向影响股东对创新投入反应的中介变量。     

Evaluation of the opportunity cost of the spectrum: Application to the digital dividend

The transition to digital television transmission (DTT) creates an opportunity for revising the current allocation and use of the spectrum, and for enhancing its efficiency. The fairly large amount of spectrum that will be freed up in the analog TV switch-off is known as the digital dividend. Many EU countries have decided to partially allocate these frequencies, through market mechanisms, to mobile use, but a large fraction of the dividend is supposed to remain in the hands of broadcasters. An efficient management of the spectrum requires that the use of this resource should be supported through appropriate incentive policies. This paper presents a techno-analytical approach to evaluate the opportunity cost of using a spectrum portion within the digital dividends’ bandwidths, for example around 800-900 MHz, for both DVB-T and UMTS services, specifically addressing the extraordinary rise in the use of mobile broadband in the European context. The methodology is then applied to Italy to derive a baseline for administered prices reflecting the cost of spectrum use. Results obtained are then compared with existing evidences from other studies and Countries’ experiences.     

地区财政收入影响因素的实证分析--以淮南市为例

在分析财政收入影响因素的基础上,对淮南市历年来的财政收入及各项数据的分析,建立了线性回归模型,初步确定国民生产总值、固定资产投资、在岗职工工资作为淮南市财政收入的影响因素。检验对财政收入影响最显著的因素,创新性的将在岗职工工资作为解释变量,进行了相关的检验与技术分析。说明这些实证研究的经济学意义,以及对淮南市政府缓解财政收入矛盾的借鉴作用。     

众包式创新激励机制研究——基于委托代理理论

众包式创新是基于互联网交互作用快速兴起的一种多主体参与的合作创新理念和创新模式.它是指公司或其他组织将过去由内部员工执行的部分工作任务,以自由自愿的形式分包给非特定的、数量庞大的网络大众完成的一种创新模式.这种创新模式所呈现出的民主、平等、参与的理念及其汇集集体智慧的网络组织创新特点受到众多世界500强企业及创业企业的青睐,展现了无限的魅力.企业发布任务,参与者完成任务获得奖励的活动实际上是一种委托代理活动.本文基于委托代理理论对众包式创新激励机制进行了分析,探讨了企业应该如何进行激励机制的设计,使参与者更努力的完成任务,创造出更优秀的作品,以及不同激励机制设计对于众包式创新运行效率的影响.     

浅谈企业员工的企业年金

企业年金是企业及其职工在依法参加基本养老保险的基础上,自愿建立的补充养老保险制度,作为一种员工长期激励的手段,可以提高企业的凝聚力。本文通过对企业年金的需求分析,发现企业年金在我国有着巨大的现实需求和发展前景,并针对目前企业年金实践当中存在的问题,提出了几点意见。     

Stakeholder incentives and reforms in China's state-owned enterprises: A common-property theory

We argue that state-owned enterprise reform has failed in China, because incentive mechanisms that confront the key stakeholders did not elicit efficient behavior. Although incentive mechanisms were intended to elicit more effort, incentives became de facto improper because of a number of developments. This paper analyzes alternative sharing or incentive systems and highlights the interdependency among property rights, incentives, and enforcement. A common-property model is put forward to analyze recent reforms and to show that alternative property right assignments have complex and diverse configurations of positive and negative externalities. Incentive mechanisms that favor more equal distribution are the most inefficient, whereas those that differentiate among heterogeneous stakeholders based on effective, rather than actual, effort are more promising. An ideal arrangement that combines equal sharing and proportional effort is proposed.     

Does Trade,Technology, or Education Expel Traditional Sectors? Some Evidence from the Collapse of the Silk Sector in South Korea*

Rapid economic growth and development often drives out traditional activities. We determine how increased trade, technology, and access to education in South Korea led to the collapse of its silk sector. Results show that although the imports of silk yarn and fabric reduced domestic silk output and prices, trade liberalization was not the sole contributor to the collapse. Inelastic labor demand for unskilled workers, skill‐biased technology, and especially increased access to education all led to a sharp rise in the relative wage of unskilled workers, and the ensuing rise in production costs contributed to the silk sector's collapse.     

我国上市公司股票期权激励问题研究

本文首先阐述了股票期权的含义及理论基础;其次,在介绍了我国股票期权实施现状的基础上,系统地分析了我国公司所面临的相关法律法规、外部市场环境及内部治理结构等方面的问题;最后,针对以上存在的各项问题提出了相应的对策建议。