基于产业结构调整的扩大就业政策——以云南省实证研究为例

产业结构反映了经济增长的结构,因此,产业结构调整是提高经济增长对就业拉动作用的关键。研究如何通过产业结构升级与均衡来提高经济增长对就业的拉动作用,对扩大就业具有重要的意义。本文以云南省为研究对象,利用趋势分析、结构偏差系数以及取对数线性回归的就业弹性分析等方法,根据《云南省统计年鉴》提供的样本数据,分析了产业结构、就业结构以及三次产业就业弹性的变动趋势,并从产业结构调整的视角提出了扩大就业的政策。     

A framework for mapping industrial emergence

The industrial landscape is becoming increasingly complex and dynamic, with innovative technologies stimulating the emergence of new applications, business models and industries. This paper presents a framework for mapping science and technology-based industrial emergence, in order to better understand the nature and characteristics of such phenomena, as a basis for improved strategy development. A full lifecycle perspective is included, emphasizing early stage phases associated with scientific and technological developments, together with key transitions between phases related to the conversion of scientific knowledge to technological capability, application, industrial activity and economic value. Roadmapping concepts are used to map industrial emergence phenomena from various perspectives that cover value creation and capture activities together with demand and supply-side factors. The framework has been tested by developing more than 25 diverse ‘emergence maps’ of historical industrial evolution, building confidence that the framework might be applicable to current and future emergence. Common characteristics of industrial emergence have been identified, including key events and milestones, focusing on a chain of demonstrators that delineate the various phases and transitions.     

中国能源消费、碳排放与工业经济增长——一个脱钩理论视角的实证分析

本文利用相对“脱钩”、“复钩”的理论与测度模型,对2000—2009年我国工业经济增长与能源消费和碳排放之间的脱钩关系进行研究。在此基础上,对脱钩评价模型进行扩展,构建了脱钩指数分解模型,对脱钩关系的影响因素作出了更为深入的分析,并指出未来工业脱钩发展措施的重点方向是在进一步提升能效技术的基础上,着力推进工业产业结构升级的步伐,提升新型低碳能源的结构比重,改善能源的生产和消费结构。     

产业转移的新经济地理学解释

不同于传统的产业转移理论,新经济地理学在规模报酬和垄断竞争框架下解释了产业转移现象,认为产业转移的基础不必然是第一自然的差异,在完全相同的均质空间下,由于市场接近效应、生活成本效应和市场拥挤效应所构成的集聚力和扩散力的相互作用,产业转移也会发生,并且表现出突发性、自我强化、预期自我实现和价值链环节分离的特性及关联度弱的产业先转移等规律。此外,新经济地理学还运用一般均衡分析方法考察了产业转移的福利效应,包括瓦尔拉斯效应、生产租金和规模区位效应、累积效应以及转移效应,并对影响产业转移的税收优惠竞争、公共基础设施改善和区域补贴等政策措施的效果进行了剖析。     

Country-of-origin effects and antecedents of industrial brand equity

Does the country-of-origin effect matter to industrial brand equity in international business-to-business (B2B) markets? The effect of a product's country-of-origin (COO) on both industrial buyers' and consumers' perceptions and evaluations has been one of the most widely studied phenomena in the fields of international business, marketing, and consumer behavior since the 1960s. Although many country-of-origin studies focus on consumer behavior in developed countries and acknowledge that the processes and stages of economic development by which consumers use COO information may differ in developing countries, the fact that there has been little research to investigate the effects of COO could explain the variations in international buyers' evaluations of industrial brand equity in the newly-industrialized economies, such as Taiwan. Taiwanese firms are now formidable global B2B market players by successfully transforming themselves from manufacturing mainly low-value and labor-intensive goods to producing many high value-added products that require advanced technology, equipment and significant business expertise. With the adoption of advanced technology and equipment, an important question is whether unique and innovative fastener products from Taiwan have generated the country-of-origin effects in international B2B buyers' minds. The main finding is that the country-of-origin of fasteners has not yet become an important antecedent of industrial brand equity in the case of the fastener industry in Taiwan.     

外贸商品结构合理性评价指标的构建及实证研究

文章立足国情,在界定外贸商品结构合理性涵义的基础上,确立了以是否符合产业结构的改善和经济发展的需要为合理性的判断标准,以求克服盲目追求外贸商品结构高级化的弊端。在比较现有研究方法的基础上选择投入产出分析法,运用改进后的影响力系数和推动力系数,重新构造了进出口商品结构合理度指数和调整指数,并利用1997年、2002年和2007年的中国投入产出表计算了相关的评价指标,对我国近10年来的进出口商品结构合理性进行分析,发现我国的外贸商品结构合理度呈先扬后抑的趋势,说明其合理性有待改进,最后依据结论提出了调整我国外贸商品结构合理化的对策。     

论PLC技术在工业控制系统中的应用

可编程控制器简称———PLC是以微处理器为基础,综合了计算机技术、自动控制技术和通讯技术发展而来的一种新型工业控制装置,在工业自动控制系统中发挥着越来越重要的作用。我们可以通过PLC系统结构和原理以及编程语言的介绍来认识PLC。     

论京津冀地区战略性新兴产业的布局

战略性新兴产业对区域经济会起到重要的调整和引导作用。京津冀地区在发展战略性新兴产业方面具备一定的基础和优势,也面临一些障碍,因此需要对产业发展布局进行整体部署,通过产业分工和集聚形成产业带,以各地现有优势为基础,进行资源整合,形成战略性新兴产业发展的巨大合力,以充分发挥战略性新兴产业区域发展中的作用。     

中部地区承接东部产业转移对策探讨

产业转移是产业结构调整的一部分,目前,对西部地区来说,抓住国际、国内产业转移的良好机遇承接产业转移,在产业对接中增强本地产业的实力和核心竞争力,是实现区域经济持续快速发展的重要途径。     

广西北部湾经济区临港产业集群发展战略研究

依托强大的区位优势、丰富的区域资源、优惠的国家政策、有利的产业转移,广西北部湾经济区的临港产业集群正在如火如荼地建设,并已初具规模。但在发展中存在企业的地域根植性不强、企业之间缺少科学的专业化分工协作、产品的附加价值和科技含量偏低、具有辐射、示范和带动作用的龙头企业偏少、高效的公共服务机构缺乏等问题,科学地解决这些问题有利于北部湾经济区临港产业集群的快速、健康和协调发展。