工程质量监督通报编制的实践与认识

工程质量监督通报是工程质量监督机构履行监督职责的一种重要工具和手段,对规范各方责任主体质量行为,提升工程实体质量,总结监督工作,进一步提高工程质量监督管理水平具有重要的意义。从通报概念、特点、种类等方面入手,结合工程质量监督工作实际,就起草工程质量监督通报浅谈认识与体会。     

阀门质量检验问题分析与建议

通过对2013年油田入库阀门质检情况进行统计,对几类典型质量问题进行分析,找出目前质检工作中存在的不足,为进一步把好阀门检验质量关提出建议。     

Implementing COOL: Comparative welfare effects of different labeling schemes

Country-of-origin labeling (COOL) is being implemented in different forms and degrees in the United States and other countries across the world. The first implementation of mandatory country of origin labeling (MCOOL) in the United States was for seafood in 2005. This is an example of partial MCOOL because it exempts the foodservice sector and excludes processed seafood from labeling. Using a conceptual framework, we analyze the welfare impacts of partial MCOOL when compared to no, voluntary, and total mandatory COOL, taking into account imperfect competition in the downstream markets, information asymmetry, and diversion of low-quality product to the unlabeled market. The model is general enough to apply to any incomplete regulation for which the perceived low-quality product is required to be labeled, such as the labeling of genetically modified food in the European Union. Our results show that when consumers have a strong enough preference for domestic relative to imported product, regulators can overestimate the gain in consumer welfare from partial mandatory labeling if they ignore the diversion of lower quality imports to the unlabeled sector. We show that if the preference for domestic product is large enough, total MCOOL benefits the home market the most overall, including domestic consumers and producers, but not the imperfectly competitive downstream agents. However, if total MCOOL is too costly to implement, partial MCOOL is the second-best solution, but only if consumers falsely believe the unlabeled product to be of higher quality than it truly is. Our results suggest more research is needed to determine the extent to which consumers value the information provided by MCOOL and to enable regulators to consider the welfare impact of diversion in evaluating incomplete mandatory labeling regulations.     

School meals and pupil satisfaction. Evidence from Italian primary schools

This paper aims to analyse to what extent pupils value the characteristics of the state school foodservice and identify which variables affect the degree of pupils’ satisfaction with the quality of school meals. A representative sample of 33 state primary schools providing meals was extracted for the metropolitan city of Naples. Two questionnaires were distributed, one to the headteachers concerned and the other to 5th grade pupils (10–11 years old). Information about the catering companies was mainly sourced from the AIDA database. Pupil satisfaction was measured by two key variables: pleasantness of eating at school and food tastiness. Controlling for pupil, family, school, foodservice and catering company characteristics, the paper shows that the catering company size negatively impacts upon pupil satisfaction with the foodservice, whereas the estimated meal average production cost is positively associated with pupil satisfaction. The study could assist city boroughs in devising meal quality indicators to be taken into account in designing competitive tendering.     

Toward new guardrails for the information society

Increasing interdependencies and deepening uncertainty change how the information society can be governed sustainably. In response, policy approaches worldwide are being reconsidered and new approaches developed that are more appropriate to these conditions. This article explores the conditions under which policies that worked in the past remain appropriate and when they will likely fail. It explores the role of dynamic analytical frames and a reconsideration of the normative principles of information society policies in overcoming these weaknesses. New instruments and policy arrangements that are considered include the establishment of boundary conditions (“guardrails”) for players, reliance on adaptive forms of policy, and reliance on ethics across all layers of governance. Driven by the global heterogeneity of values and the diversity of historical, economic, political, and cultural conditions, national and global governance arrangements will likely become more multi-centric. To avoid regulatory drift and fragmentation, policy must strive to create dynamic learning systems that help to continuously improve information society governance.     

如何规范项目工程质量监督档案管理工作

按《石油天然气建设工程质量监督工作程序》,分析了不同监督阶段应形成的档案资料内容及要求;结合西气东输冀宁管道工程质量监督档案整理工作实践,提出了完善石油专业监督档案规定、注重监督工作质量、完善审核制度、通过培训增强监督档案工作质量意识等建议。     

论全面质量管理与质量管理体系标准的关系

阐述了全面质量管理与ISO9000标准的异同,比较分析了两者的相同点与不同点,论述了全面质量管理与ISO9000标准的关系。指出,实施ISO9000系列标准为主的质量管理是“以标准为主的质量管理”;全面质量管理是站在产品的制造者的立场建立的一种人本管理思想,而ISO9000是站在用户立场建立的一种管理制度;推行ISO9000可以促进全面质量管理的发展并使之规范化,ISO9000也可从全面质量管理中吸取先进的管理思想和技术,不断完善。     

Effects of employees' perceived dependability on success of enterprise applications in e-business

Electronic business (e-business) plays a major role in modern economic networks due to its shorter cycle time and faster information transactions. Building enterprise applications that can coordinate activities, decisions, and knowledge across many functions is a good solution for e-business. Hence, how to implement enterprise applications successfully has become an increasingly important management issue. Although success of information systems (IS) has received fairly extensive attention from prior research, issues regarding whether functions and service delivered by systems can be justifiably relied on by users are seriously ignored, especially complex systems like enterprise applications. Thus, this paper attempts to extend this kind of concept, perceived dependability, into DeLone and McLean's IS success model to explore how it influences success of enterprise applications. Results from a survey of 170 respondents taken from six internationalized e-businesses in Taiwan strongly support that perceived dependability is indeed an important factor for success of enterprise applications. Additionally, over and beyond the effects of dependability on success of enterprise applications, it can help practitioners and managers get deep insights into how to implement e-business successfully.     

关于油田企业导入卓越绩效模式的探讨

在辽河油田多年推进实施卓越绩效模式的基础上,结合油田企业的特点,对导入卓越绩效模式工作进行了探讨,从导入卓越绩效模式的思路、步骤、组织领导及启动实施等6个方面,阐述了相应的观点和方法。     

论内幕信息的界定

《最高人民法院、最高人民检察院关于执行<中华人民共和国刑法>确定罪名的补充规定(四)》将《刑法》第180条第4款规定为利用未公开信息交易罪。但该款规定的犯罪对象其他未公开的信息属于我国《证券法》规定的内幕信息的一种,即对该公司证券的市场价格有重大影响的尚未公开的信息。这种信息在其他国家与地区也是作为内幕信息认定的。对于违反我国《刑法》第180条第4款规定的行为,我们可以按照内幕交易罪进行处理。